Purification of Soybean Isoflavones from Soy Sauce Residue by Ultrafiltration

2012 ◽  
Vol 581-582 ◽  
pp. 1184-1188
Author(s):  
Bing Li ◽  
Zhi Qiang Wu ◽  
Ling Yan Dong ◽  
Lin Li
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Soy Sauce ◽  
Feed Concentration ◽  
Soybean Isoflavones ◽  
Membrane Flux ◽  
Molecular Weight Cutoff ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Ultrafiltration Pressure

The extraction of soybean isoflavones from the soy sauce residue which is the byproduct of soy sauce process is of great significance to improve the utilization of the soy sauce residue. Ultrafiltration (UF) membrane with molecular weight cutoff of 20 kDa was used to purify the extraction of isoflavones. The effects of ultrafiltration pressure, ultrafiltration temperature, feeding velocity, feed concentration and the feed pH on the membrane flux and rejection were analyzed. And then the membrane was cleaned. After purifying the crude soybean isoflavones from the soy sauce reside, the content of isoflavones in the freeze-dried powder was up to 6.27%.

Purification of Ferulic Acid from Wheat by Ultrafiltration Technology

2012 ◽  
Vol 524-527 ◽  
pp. 2294-2297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu Xing Liu ◽  
Bei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Ferulic Acid ◽  
Wheat Bran ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membranes ◽  
Sample Concentration ◽  
Membrane Flux ◽  
Molecular Weight Cutoff ◽  
Ultrafiltration Pressure

Purification extraction of ferulic acid from wheat bran by using ultrafiltration,based on the molecular weight cutoff (MWCO) of ultrafiltration membranes,ultrafiltration pressure,sample concentration,ultrafiltration time these four factors influence of the membrane flux,determine the best the ultrafiltration conditions.

scholarly journals How Clean is Ultrafiltration Cleaning of Bone Collagen?

Radiocarbon ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias C Hüls ◽  
Pieter M Grootes ◽  
Marie-Josée Nadeau
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Pig Skin ◽  
Molecular Weight Cutoff ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Carbon Mass

As part of our bone dating development, we have tested the ultrafiltration of bone gelatin using 2 different filters—Vivaspin 20™ (VS20), a polyethersulfone, and Vivaspin 15R™ (VS15R), a cellulose, both with a 30,000 molecular weight cutoff—and bone collagen from dated samples ranging in age from 1.5 to >50 kyr BP. A direct accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) measurement yielded radiocarbon concentrations of ∼0.5 pMC (∼42 kyr) for the polyethersulfone, ∼14.4–17.5 pMC (∼15.6–14 kyr) for the cellulose, and ∼107.4 pMC for the glycerin. The filters were cleaned before use similar to the Oxford protocol (Bronk Ramsey et al. 2004), and a series of freeze-dried archaeological bone gelatin samples and a modern pig-skin gelatin were passed through VS20 and VS15R filters (Vivascience™). We recovered both the eluent (<30-kD fraction) and the liquid that stayed above the filter (>30 kD) in order to obtain a carbon mass and isotope balance. While the >30-kD collagen fraction that is usually selected for AMS analysis does not appear to be significantly contaminated, measurements show significant age differences between the eluent <30 kD and the unfiltered bone collagen, indicating that, despite cleaning, both glycerin and filter still give off contaminants in the eluent. Ultrafiltration with young collagen from pig skin generally confirms these results for the <30-kD fraction but also shows the possibility of small contaminations in the >30-kD fraction. Until a contamination with filter carbon of the >30-kD collagen fraction can be excluded, we would recommend caution in the use of ultrafiltration for cleaning bone collagen with VS20 or VS15R ultrafilters.

Conformation of eukaryotic ribosomal RNAs

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 592-593
Author(s):  
M. Boublik ◽  
G. Thornton ◽  
G. Oostergetel ◽  
J.F. Hainfeld ◽  
J.S. Wall
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Mass Measurement ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Pure Nitrogen ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Partially Unfolded

Understanding the structural complexity of ribosomes and their role in protein synthesis requires knowledge of the conformation of their components - rRNAs and proteins. Application of dedicated scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), electrical discharge of the support carbon film in an atmosphere of pure nitrogen, and determination of the molecular weight of individual rRNAs enabled us to obtain high resolution electron microscopic images of unstained freeze-dried rRNA molecules from BHK cells in a form suitable for evaluation of their 3-D structure. Preliminary values for the molecular weight of 28S RNA from the large and 18S RNA from the small ribosomal subunits as obtained by mass measurement were 1.84 x 106 and 0.97 x 106, respectively. Conformation of rRNAs consists, in general, of alternating segments of intramolecular hairpin stems and single stranded loops in a proportion which depends on their ionic environment, the Mg++ concentration in particular. Molecules of 28S RNA (Fig. 1) and 18S RNA (not shown) obtained by freeze-drying from a solution of 60 mM NH+4 acetate and 2 mM Mg++ acetate, pH 7, appear as partially unfolded coils with compact cores suggesting a high degree of ordered secondary structure.

scholarly journals Low-molecular weight fractions of Japanese soy sauce act as a RAGE antagonist via inhibition of RAGE trafficking to lipid rafts

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 1835 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiichi Munesue ◽  
Yasuhiko Yamamoto ◽  
Ryouta Urushihara ◽  
Kouhei Inomata ◽  
Hidehito Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Lipid Rafts ◽  
Soy Sauce ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Molecular Weight Fractions

scholarly journals Structure and molecular weight of the dynein ATPase

1983 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 669-678 ◽  
Author(s):  
KA Johnson ◽  
JS Wall
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Attachment Site ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Bovine Brain ◽  
Mass Analysis ◽  
Uranyl Sulfate ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Cilia And Flagella

Dynein has been examined by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). Samples of 30S dynein from tetrahymena cilia were applied to carbon films and either were freeze- dried and examined as unstained, unfixed specimens, or were negatively stained with uranyl sulfate. A totally new image of the dynein molecule was revealed showing three globular heads connected by three separate strands to a common base. Two of the heads appeared to be identical and exhibited a diameter of 10 nm while the third head was somewhat larger (approximately 12 nm). The overall length of the particle was 35 nm. Mass analysis, based upon the integration of electron scattering intensities for unstained particles, gave a molecular weight of 1.95 (+/-)0.24) megadaltons. Mass per unit length analysis was performed using bovine brain microtubules decorated with dynein under conditions where the dynein shows a linear repeat of 24 nm with seven dynein molecules surrounding a microtubule made up of 14 protofilaments. Undecorated microtubules gave a molecular weight per unit length of 21,000+/-1,900 daltons/A, compared to a value of 84,400+/-2,200 daltons/A for the fully decorated microtubules. Taken together, these data give a molecular weight of 2.17 (+/- 0.14) megadaltons per dynein molecule, in agreement with measurements on the isolated particles. Mass analysis of individual globular heads observed in isolated particles gave a molecular weight distribution with a mean of 416+/- 76 kdaltons. These data could also be viewed as the sum of two populations of head with two-thirds of the heads at approximately 400 kdaltons and one-third at approximately 550 kdaltons, although more precise data will be required to distinguish two classes of heads with confidence. The mass of the dynein-microtubule complex as a function of distance from the midline of the particle was analysed to distinguish which end of the dynein molecule was bound to the microtubule. The projected mass distribution was consistent with a model where the three dynein heads were oriented toward the microtubule and clearly not consistent with the opposite orientation. These data indicate that the three globular heads form the ATP-sensitive site in this heterologous dynein-microtubule system and suggest that the rootlike base of the dynein molecule forms the structural attachment site to the A-subfiber of the outer doublet in cilia and flagella. The structure and function of the dynein are dicussed in terms of these new results.

scholarly journals Membrane functionalization using bisamide‐based organic frameworks for molecular weight cutoff reduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 137 (5) ◽  
pp. 48327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priyesh Wagh ◽  
John Spencer ◽  
Brandon Steele ◽  
Isabel C. Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Molecular Weight Cutoff ◽  
Membrane Functionalization
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