An Adaptive Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Scheme Based on the k-out-of-N Fusion Rule

2013 ◽  
Vol 765-767 ◽  
pp. 1423-1426
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Ying Cui ◽  
Ou Li
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Numerical Optimization ◽  
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Fusion Rule ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Mac Layer ◽  
Average Throughput ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Primary Users ◽  
Reporting Delay

In cognitive radio networks, cooperative sensing has been identified as an important technique in MAC-layer sensing. Intuitively, the more secondary users (SUs) are involved in sensing, the more sensing accuracy the SUs can achieve, whereas the more reporting delay the SUs consume, the less throughput the SUs can achieve. Thus, an important issue associated with SUs is how to maximize the SUs throughput under the constraint that the Primary Users (PUs) are sufficiently protected. To solve this issue, we develop a new sensing scheme to decrease the consumption of reporting delay and prove the unimodal characteristics of the SUs average throughput as a function of the fusion parameters based on the k-out-of-N fusion rule. Computer simulations show that, based on the developed sensing scheme and the proposed numerical optimization algorithm, significant improvement in the average throughput of SUs is achieved.

A Reliable Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Strategy for Cognitive Radios

2013 ◽  
Vol 347-350 ◽  
pp. 1773-1779
Author(s):  
Shou Tao Lv ◽  
Ze Yang Dai ◽  
Jian Liu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Cognitive Radios ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Secondary Source ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Primary Users ◽  
The Third ◽  
Detection Probabilities

In cognitive radio networks (CRNs), the secondary users (SUs) need to continuously detect whether the primary users (PUs) occupy the spectrum. In order to improve the spectrum sensing accuracy, a novel reliable cooperative spectrum sensing strategy based on the detection results relayed twice from the secondary relays (SRs) to the secondary source (SS), referred to as CSS-DRT, is proposed in this paper. In this scheme, the spectrum sensing slot is divided into four equal sub-slots. In the first and third sub-slots, the SS and SRs detect the PU by themselves. Then, in the second sub-slot, if the SRs that detect the PU during the first sub-slot are more than or equal to a prespecified quantity, the corresponding SRs will send their flag signals (FSs) to the SS while the others keep quiet, where the FS is narrowband and indicates that the PU is present. Otherwise, if the SRs that detect the PU during the first sub-slot are less than the prespecified quantity, all the SRs will keep quiet in the second sub-slot. Meanwhile, the SS detects the PU based on the received signals from the PU and SRs. And, the SS uses the same method as employed in the second sub-slot to detect the PU in the last sub-slot wherein the SRs send their FSs based on their detections made during the third sub-slot. Finally, an ultimate decision is made by the OR ruler based on the SS detection results obtained during the spectrum sensing slot. Besides, we derive the closed-form expressions of the false alarm and detection probabilities for the proposed CSS-DRT scheme. In the end, simulation and numerical results show that our proposed scheme can achieve better performance than the non-cooperative method and an existing cooperative spectrum sensing method.

scholarly journals An SETM Algorithm for Combating SSDF Attack in Cognitive Radio Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tephillah ◽  
J. Martin Leo Manickam
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Trust Management ◽  
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Common Channel ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Management Algorithm ◽  
Different Types

Security is a pending challenge in cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) as it employs a common channel and a controller. Spectrum sensing data falsification (SSDF) attacks are challenging as different types of attackers use them. To address this issue, the sifting and evaluation trust management algorithm (SETM) is proposed. The necessity of computing the trust for all the secondary users (SUs) is eliminated based on the use of the first phase of the algorithm. The second phase is executed to differentiate the random attacker and the genuine SUs. This reduces the computation and overhead costs. Simulations and complexity analyses have been performed to prove the efficiency and appropriateness of the proposed algorithm for combating SSDF attacks.

scholarly journals Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Based on HML and Vector Quantization for Cognitive Radio Networks

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2.20) ◽  
pp. 335
Author(s):  
Shweta Alpna ◽  
Amrit Mukherjee ◽  
Amlan Datta
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Vector Quantization ◽  
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
The Real ◽  
Novel Technique

The proposed work illustrates a novel technique for cooperative spectrum sensing in a cognitive radio (CR) network. The work includes an approach of identifying secondary users (SUs) based on Hierarchical Maximum Likelihood (HML) technique followed by Vector Quantization. Initially, the arrangement of the SUs are been observed using HML with respect to a spatial domain and then the active SUs among them are identified using VQ. The approach will not only save the energy, but the decision of the real-time and dynamic cooperative communication network becomes more accurate as we can predict the behavior of SUs movement and spectrum sensing by each individual SU at that particular  place. The results and simulations of the real-time experiment justifies with the proposed approach. 

Energy Detection Based Spectrum Sensing Analysis of Cooperative Cognitive Radios under Different Fading Environments

2013 ◽  
pp. 50-73
Author(s):  
Deepti Kakkar ◽  
Mayank Gupta ◽  
Arun Khosla ◽  
Moin Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Fading Channels ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Fusion Rule ◽  
Energy Detection ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Amplify And Forward ◽  
Comparative Performance

This chapter discusses the detection performance of relay based cognitive radio networks. Relays are assigned in cognitive radio networks to transmit the primary user’s signal to cognitive coordinators or CPUs, thus achieving cooperative spectrum sensing. The purpose of the chapter is to provide mathematical analysis of energy detectors for dual hop networks. The soft fusion rule is used at the relays which acts as amplify and forward relays. For the detection purpose, the energy detector is employed at the cognitive coordinator. In the ending sections, sensing performance is analyzed for different fading channels in the MATLAB environment and simulation results present comparative performance of various relay conditions with concluding remarks.

Interference Modeling and Analysis in Cognitive Radio Networks

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Yanxiao Zhao ◽  
Bighnaraj Panigrahi ◽  
Kazem Sohraby ◽  
Wei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Idle State ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Interference Modeling ◽  
Primary Users

Cognitive radio networks (CRNs) have received considerable attention and viewed as a promising paradigm for future wireless networking. Its major difference from the traditional wireless networks is that secondary users are allowed to access the channel if they pose no harmful interference to primary users. This distinct feature of CRNs has raised an essential and challenging question, i.e., how to accurately estimate interference to the primary users from the secondary users? In addition, spectrum sensing plays a critical role in CRNs. Secondary users have to sense the channel before they transmit. A two-state sensing model is commonly used, which classifies a channel into either busy or idle state. Secondary users can only utilize a channel when it is detected to be in idle state. In this paper, we tackle the estimation of interference at the primary receiver due to concurrently active secondary users. With the spectrum sensing, secondary users are refrained from transmitting once an active user falls into their sensing range. As a result, the maximum number of simultaneously interfering secondary users is bounded, typically ranging from 1 to 4. This significant conclusion considerably simplifies interference modeling in CRNs. The authors present all the cases with possible simultaneously interfering secondary users. Moreover, the authors derive the probability for each case. Extensive simulations are conducted and results validate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed approach.

QoS Maintenance in Cognitive Radio Networks with Priority-Supporting Novel Channel Allocation Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
K. Annapurna ◽  
B. Seetha Ramanjaneyulu
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Radio ◽  
Cognitive Radio Networks ◽  
Channel Allocation ◽  
Radio Networks ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Primary Users ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Blocking Probabilities ◽  
Bid Price

Satisfying the Quality of Service (QoS) is often a challenge in cognitive radio networks, because they depend on opportunistic channel accessing. In this context, appropriate pricing of vacant channels that is linked to the preference in their allocation, is found to be useful. However, ambiguity on the possible price at which the channel would be allotted is still a concern. In this work, an auction mechanism in which maximum value of the bid is predefined is proposed. With this, users quote their bid values as per their needs of getting the channels, up to the predefined maximum allowed bid price. However, final price of allocation is decided based on the sum total demand from all the users and the availability of vacant channels. Performance of the system is found in terms of blocking probabilities of secondary users and revenues to primary users. The proposed system is found to yield similar quantum of revenues as that of the Generalized Second Price (GSP) auction, while offering much lesser blocking probabilities to high-priority users to satisfy their QoS requirements.

scholarly journals Cooperative Full-Duplex Physical and MAC Layer Design in Asynchronous Cognitive Networks

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teddy Febrianto ◽  
Jiancao Hou ◽  
Mohammad Shikh-Bahaei
Keyword(s):  
Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing ◽  
Mac Protocol ◽  
Cognitive Networks ◽  
Full Duplex ◽  
Mac Layer ◽  
Average Throughput ◽  
Secondary Users ◽  
Optimum Parameters ◽  
Trade Offs

In asynchronous cognitive networks (CNs), where there is no synchronization between primary users (PUs) and secondary users (SUs), spectrum sensing becomes a challenging task. By combining cooperative spectrum sensing and full-duplex (FD) communications in asynchronous CNs, this paper demonstrates improvements in terms of the average throughput of both PUs and SUs for particular transmission schemes. The average throughputs are derived for SUs and PUs under different FD schemes, levels of residual self-interference, and number of cooperative SUs. In particular, we consider two types of FD schemes, namely, FD transmit-sense-reception (FDr) and FD transmit-sense (FDs). FDr allows SUs to transmit and receive data simultaneously, whereas, in FDs, the SUs continuously sense the channel during the transmission time. This paper shows the respective trade-offs and obtains the optimal scheme based on cooperative FD spectrum sensing. In addition, SUs’ average throughput is analyzed under different primary channel utilization and multichannel sensing schemes. Finally, new FD MAC protocol design is proposed and analyzed for FD cooperative spectrum sensing. We found optimum parameters for our proposed MAC protocol to achieve higher average throughput in certain applications.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document