Characterization and Synthesis of Quaternary Ammonium Salt of Chitosan by Open-Loop Method of Epoxy Derivatives

Quaternary ammonium salt of chitosan (HACC) was synthesized by the reaction of chitosan(CTS) and 2, 3-epoxypropyltrimethyl- ammonium chloride(GTA) in isopropanol. The influence factors of the degree of substitution of synthetic reaction, such as the molar ratio of reactants, the reaction time, temperature and so on were discussed by single factor experiments.The results showed that the optimal conditions for the preparation were nGTA: nCTS=4:1, the reaction time 8h, the reaction temperature 75°C, the reaction pH value 7, the alkalization time 14h, the molecular weight of chitosan 320000g/mol, the moisture of reaction system 20%. The structures of HACC and CTS were characterized by infrared spectrum, the appearances of morphology of HACC and CTS were researched by scanning electron microscopy, the thermal stabilities of HACC and CTS were studied by thermogravimetry. The results showed that the substitution reaction mainly occurs on the N element, modified derivatives had significant changes in appearance and size, and lower thermal stability.

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Synthesis, Characterization and Properties of Tri-n-octylmethyl-ammonium Methyl Carbonate

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.781-784.263 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 781-784 ◽

pp. 263-271

Author(s):

Kui Fang Zhang ◽

Zuo Ying Cao ◽

Gui Qing Zhang ◽

Lian Sheng Xiao ◽

Xiao Zhou Zhou

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Ammonium Salt ◽

Reaction Temperature ◽

Quaternary Ammonium ◽

Quaternary Ammonium Salt ◽

Dimethyl Carbonate ◽

Volume Fraction ◽

Feed Solution ◽

Molar Ratio ◽

Methyl Carbonate

The tri-n-octylmethyl-ammonium methyl carbonate was synthesized via a high pressure process with tri-n-octylamine(tri-C8) and dimethyl carbonate(DMC) in the catalysis of tri-n-octylmethyl-ammonium bromine, and its chemical structure was confirmed using FTIR spectroscopic analysis. The influence of reactants molar ratio, reaction temperature, solvent, catalyst and reaction time on the quaternization reaction were examined, and the optimal conditions were that dimethyl carbonate(DMC):tri-n-octylamine(tri-C8)=5.6:1(molar:molar), methanol:tri-n-octylamine (tri-C8)=1:2 (volume:volume), catalysts 5% of the weight of reactant mixtures(materials fraction), reaction temperature 110°C and reaction time 8 h. Under the optimum conditions, the highest conversion rate of tri-n-octylamine(tri-C8) could reach 99.57%. A type of SO42- quaternary ammonium salt was prepared by the reaction between the product and H2SO4, and its properties on extracting vanadium in the feed solution from autoclave-soda leach solution of stone coal was researched, demonstrating that with 8% the type of SO42- quaternary ammonium salt(QAS) and 5% sec-octyl alcohols dissolved in 87% sulphonated kerosene as extractant (volume fraction), the saturated loading capacity for V2O5 reaches 14.32 g/L.

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Synthesis of Quaternary Ammonium Salt from Rosin and its Inhibition to some Wood Decay Fungi

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.685.291 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 685 ◽

pp. 291-297 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yan Jin ◽

Shu Jun Li ◽

Tao Liang ◽

Zhi Jun Chen

Keyword(s):

Reaction Time ◽

Ammonium Salt ◽

Quaternary Ammonium ◽

Quaternary Ammonium Salt ◽

Wood Decay ◽

Wood Preservative ◽

Gravimetric Analysis ◽

Gloeophyllum Trabeum ◽

Decay Fungi ◽

Wood Decay Fungi

Many pine trees could secrete oleo-resin when they were wounded. The oleo-resin was a mixture of turpentine and rosin. After evaporation of volatile turpentine, rosin remained and covered the wound to protect wood from fungi and insects. From this point, rosin protects wood naturally. However, rosin is not bioactive against most wood decay fungi. In this report, a bioactive rosin derivated, quaternary ammonium salt (QAS), was synthesized and its bioactivity against some wood decay fungi was tested. Firstly, the rosin was esterified by epoxy chloropropane with the mole ratio of 1:2, the reaction time of 3.5h at 90°C. The intermediate was 3-rosin acyloxy-2- hydroxypropyl chlorine. Then, the intermediate reacted with demethylamine to produce N-(3-rosin acyloxy- 2-hydroxyl) propyl-N, N dimethylamine at the following conditions: their mole ratio of 1:2, reaction temperature of 80°C and reaction time of 2.5h. Finally, the N-(3-rosin acyloxy-2-hydroxyl) propyl-N, N dimethylamine was quaternized by epoxy chloropropane with the mole ratio of 1:1, the reaction time of 3h at 90°C, and the yield was 72.8%. The chemical structure of the product was identified by FTIR and 1H NMR. The QAS content of the product was characterized by gravimetric analysis with sodium tetraphenylborate as its precipitation reagent, and liquid chromatography analysis (LC) analysis. The antifungal activity of the product was determined by paper-disc method with wood decay fungi such as Trametes versicolor, Gloeophyllum trabeum and wood stain fungi such as Aspergillus niger and Paecilomyces variot Bainier. The anti-fungal experiment results signified that the QAS of rosin is active to these fungi, especially Gloeophyllum trabeum. Since it is produced easily from rosin, which is renewable and not expensive, QAS of rosin could be a potential wood preservative. Further study is planning.

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Synthesis and Evaluation of Acid Self-Diverting Agent

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.333-335.1824 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 333-335 ◽

pp. 1824-1827

Author(s):

Ji Gang Wang ◽

Wen Xiu Zhao ◽

Guang Zhi Han ◽

Qing Wang Liu ◽

Zhen Zhong Fan

Keyword(s):

Ammonium Salt ◽

Apparent Viscosity ◽

Quaternary Ammonium ◽

Quaternary Ammonium Salt ◽

Ph Value ◽

The Self ◽

Acid System ◽

Temperature Resistance ◽

Industry Standard ◽

Maximum Value

An acid self-diverting agent compound by betaine type surfactant and quaternary ammonium salt type surfactant was synthesized and evaluated. Found that when the pH value was higher than 1, acid viscosity rose rapidly, and the pH value up to 3, acid viscosity reached its maximum value (300mPa s), and can effectively made the acid diverse.When the pH value was 6, the system completely gelouted, easy to flowback; When added the self-diverting additives, acid system had better temperature resistance; With the elevated of concentration of the self-diverting agent, the apparent viscosity of acid increased, when the concentration of the self-diverting agent was more than 5%, the acid apparent viscosity increased little, gradually stabilized, but all above 300mPas, meet the industry standard requirements.

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Catalyst- and oxidant-free electrochemical para-selective hydroxylation of N-arylamides in batch and continuous-flow

Green Chemistry ◽

10.1039/d0gc02294b ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 22 (19) ◽

pp. 6437-6443

Author(s):

Cheng-Kou Liu ◽

Meng-Yi Chen ◽

Xin-Xin Lin ◽

Zheng Fang ◽

Kai Guo

Keyword(s):

Ammonium Salt ◽

Quaternary Ammonium ◽

Continuous Flow ◽

Quaternary Ammonium Salt ◽

Selective Hydroxylation

A catalyst-, oxidant-, acidic solvent- and quaternary ammonium salt-free electrochemical para-selective hydroxylation of N-arylamides at rt in batch and continuous-flow was developed.

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Synthesis and Performance of Polyoxy-ethylene Ester Quaternary Ammonium Salt

Tenside Surfactants Detergents ◽

10.3139/113.110224 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 50 (1) ◽

pp. 9-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yong-Qiang Sun ◽

Wen-Jing Li ◽

Wan-Xu Wang ◽

Qiu-Xiao Li ◽

Wieslaw Hreczuch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ammonium Salt ◽

Quaternary Ammonium ◽

Quaternary Ammonium Salt ◽

And Performance

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Instability of Solutions of Quaternary Ammonium Permanganates in Dichloromethane

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19970849 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 62 (6) ◽

pp. 849-854 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Vladislav Holba ◽

Renata Košická

Keyword(s):

Ammonium Salt ◽

Rate Constants ◽

Quaternary Ammonium ◽

Quaternary Ammonium Salt ◽

Activation Parameters ◽

The Stability

The paper deals with instability of solutions of quaternary ammonium permanganates, QMnO4 (Q = tetraethyl-, tetra-1-propyl-, tetra-1-butyl-, tetra-1-pentyl-, tetra-1-octyl-, and cetyltrimethylammonium), in dichloromethane and presents the rate constants and activation parameters of the reduction of permanganate. Attention was paid to the properties of colloidal Mn(IV) intermediate. The stability of the solutions depends markedly on the quaternary ammonium salt used.

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Systematic exploration of quaternary ammonium salt adsorption on oxidized coal based on experiments and MD simulations

Fuel ◽

10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119434 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 287 ◽

pp. 119434

Author(s):

Jun Chen ◽

Hongliang Li ◽

Chunfu Liu ◽

Lingyun Liu ◽

Yu Sun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ammonium Salt ◽

Quaternary Ammonium ◽

Quaternary Ammonium Salt ◽

Md Simulations ◽

Oxidized Coal ◽

Systematic Exploration

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Antibacterial performance of polymer quaternary ammonium salt–capped silver nanoparticles on Bacillus subtilis in water

RSC Advances ◽

10.1039/c9ra05944j ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (44) ◽

pp. 25667-25676 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jingyu Wang ◽

Minghao Sui ◽

Zhanfang Ma ◽

Hongwei Li ◽

Bojie Yuan

Keyword(s):

Silver Nanoparticles ◽

Bacillus Subtilis ◽

Ammonium Salt ◽

Quaternary Ammonium ◽

Quaternary Ammonium Salt ◽

Antibacterial Performance ◽

Antibacterial Capacity

Polymer quaternary ammonium salt–capped silver nanoparticles (PQAS–AgNPs) were synthesized, and they exhibited significant antibacterial capacity against Bacillus subtilis.

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