Study on Extraction of Polyphenol from Grape Peel Microwave-Assisted Activity

2013 ◽  
Vol 864-867 ◽  
pp. 520-525 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Bo Yu ◽  
Li Feng Ding ◽  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Li Xin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Grape Skin ◽  
Ethanol Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Polyphenol Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assistance ◽  
Single Factor Experiment ◽  
Grape Peel

In this study, we performed a single-factor experiment and an orthogonal experiment to evaluate different processing conditions during the extraction of polyphenols from grape skin using microwave-assisted ethanol extraction. In the study, we found that the best conditions for polyphenol extraction using microwave assistance were as follows: 50% ethanol (40 mL) was used to extract polyphenols from grape skin (1 g) while in a 540-W microwave for 3 min.

The Preparation of Loaded Photocatalyst for Advanced Treatment of NH3-N in Coking Water

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 2829-2832
Author(s):  
Yong Shu Tian ◽  
Run Xin Hou
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Advanced Treatment ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Clay Brick ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Single Factor Experiment

Photocatalyst of Fe-Sm-Yb modified TiO2 loaded on clay brick was prepared for degradation of NH3-N in coking water. The influence factors of NH3-N degradation rates were discussed by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment. The optimum process conditions of photocatalytic degradation NH3-N in coking water were confirmed. The results show that NH3-N degradation rates 82.23% were highest in the conditions of pH 6.5, photocatalyst charge of 1.4 g, illumination for 6h, reaction at 55°C, calcination at 500°C.

Experimental Study on Sugarcane Top Chopper

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-250
Author(s):  
Jiwei Hu ◽  
Shaochun Ma ◽  
Shili Gao ◽  
Jing Bai ◽  
Fenglei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Orthogonal Test ◽  
Critical Parameters ◽  
List Type ◽  
Optimal Parameters ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Machine Performance ◽  
Feeding Speed ◽  
Working Performance ◽  
Single Factor Experiment

HighlightsThis article focuses on the sugarcane top chopper.The influence of three factors on the experimental indexes was studied.The optimal parameters combination of working performance was obtained.Abstract. In the process of sugarcane harvesting, sugarcane tops are cut off by the chopper and directly thrown into the field. A small percentage of sugarcane tops are picked and collected to feed livestock. Therefore, it is meaningful to develop an effective sugarcane top chopper which is used to harvest sugarcane tops before harvesting sugarcane stalk harvesting. In this study, a sugarcane top chopping platform was fabricated to investigate critical parameters such as chopping speed (CS), top feeding speed (FS), and cutting drum gap (DG) on the machine performance. In evaluating the sugarcane top chopper, three single factor experiment and one orthogonal experiment were carried out. The single factor test was used to examine the effect of CS, FS and DG on the chopping performance of the machine. According to orthogonal test, the comprehensive influence order was determined: cutting drum gap > chopping speed > top feeding speed. The optimal parameters combination for good working performance of the machine was obtained: chopping speed was 750 rpm, top feeding speed was 1.2 m·s-1, and cutting drum gap was 20 mm. The relationships between the chopping performance and the three critical factors were examined and analyzed to provide theoretical basis for the development of a sugarcane top chopper. Keywords: Chopping performance, Orthogonal test, Single factor test, Sugarcane top chopper, Variance analysis.

Study on Preparation of Nanocarbon Black-Polypropylene Electric Conduction Composite Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 785-786 ◽  
pp. 183-186
Author(s):  
Zhi Jia Han ◽  
Sheng Fei Shen ◽  
Zai Yuan Li
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Black ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Mixing Times ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Carbon Black Content ◽  
Polypropylene Composite ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Single Factor Experiment

The paper has learned on the preparation of nanometer carbon black and polypropylene nanocarbon black-polypropylene composite material by using the small extrusion blending mixer which has been designed by our team. The results show that: Resistance of nanometer carbon black - polypropylene composites decreases with increasing carbon black content and extrusion mixing times. Through single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment to determine the optimum process conditions are at 260°C, nanocarbon black content 60%, extrusion mixing times 5. Under these conditions the resistance of nanometer carbon black-get polypropylene composites is 12.73 ohms.

Study on the Treatment of Ammonia-Nitrogen Wastewater by Oxidization Methods

2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 938-942
Author(s):  
Lin Hao ◽  
Yu Chen ◽  
Xue Cui
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Ammonia Nitrogen ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Reaction Parameters ◽  
Actual Wastewater ◽  
Operation Cost ◽  
Single Factor Experiment

NaClO is chosen as the best oxygen among Ca (ClO)2 and ClO2.The best experimental factors were achieved through the single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment, according to these factors, the actual wastewater project was verified. The results showed that the removal rate of ammonia-nitrogen was above 90% when the matter amounts rate was 2:7, pH=9 and the react time was 60min. Considering the operation cost, the best reaction parameters were that the matter amounts rate was 2:3, pH=7 and the react time was 30min in the actual wastewater project.

Optimization of Decolorization Technology of Polysaccharides from Lethariella spp. with Activated Carbon

2014 ◽  
Vol 962-965 ◽  
pp. 1226-1230
Author(s):  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Qing Song Yang ◽  
Bai Juan Wang ◽  
Chao Xiang ◽  
Ru Yan Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Decolorization Rate ◽  
Single Factor Experiment

An effective method for decolorization of the polysaccharides from Lethariella spp. was studied. Decolorization rate was used as an indicator in the experiment, single factor text and orthogonal experiment was used to get the optimal conditions, the single factor experiment was carried out with temperature at 35°C, 45°C, 55°C, 65°C, and 75°C, the activated carbon added at 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%, and time at 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30min, respectively. The optimal conditions of Lethariella spp. clarification using activated carbon were carried out to get the optimal conditions (the temperature at 55°C, the activated carbon added at 1%, and time was 25 min, and the decolorization rate could reach 57.56 %).

Treatment of Cr(VI) WasteWater with Modified Coal Fly Ash

2015 ◽  
Vol 768 ◽  
pp. 561-566 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Wang ◽  
Hui Yang Yu ◽  
Jun Fa Lin
Keyword(s):  
Fly Ash ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Coal Fly Ash ◽  
Optimum Combination ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Single Factor Experiment ◽  
Modified Fly Ash

In this work, modified fly ash by Na2CO3 was prepared and used to remove the Cr (VI) in simulate wastewater, which was rarely reported in domestic and foreign. In the meantime, every single-factor experiment, which maybe influenced the removal ratio of Cr (VI), was done. The major-minor order of test factors and the optimum combination processing conditions influencing the treatment effects of Cr (VI) were determined according to the orthogonal experiment. The results showed that the major-minor order was initial concentration of Cr (VI), dosage of modified fly ash, adsorption duration, temperature and pH values. And the optimum combination of above discussed factors was 15 mg/L, 5 g, 90 min, 30 oC and 2.5, respectively. Under this optimum condition, the removal rate of Cr (VI) can reach more than 74.86%, approximately 1.35 times compared to that of original fly ash.

scholarly journals Extraction of Anthocyanin from Eggplant Peel by Ultrasonic Assisted Method and Application in Cosmetics

2021 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 02002
Author(s):  
Xiaofen Fu ◽  
Chunli Zhu ◽  
Ao Shen ◽  
Weixi Fan ◽  
Chaoyue Shan
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Orthogonal Optimization ◽  
Optimum Extraction ◽  
Single Factor Experiment

The anthocyanin of eggplant skin was extracted by ultrasonic assisted method. Single factor experiment and orthogonal optimization experiment were used to optimize the extraction factors of anthocyanin from eggplant peel. The results showed that the optimum extraction of anthocyanin from eggplant peel was obtained by orthogonal experiment under the condition of feed-liquid ratio of 13:15, time of 40 min, and temperature of 50ºC. The anthocyanin is stable by treating 1 min after 100ºC.

Synthesis and Analysis of Ethylene Glycol Methyl Ethyl Ether

2012 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 1395-1398
Author(s):  
Yong Jie Wang ◽  
Mu Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Methyl Ethyl ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Methyl Ethyl Ether ◽  
Influence Degree ◽  
Single Factor Experiment

This document explains and demonstrates the problem of HOCH2CH2OCH3, Na and CH3OCH2CH2OC2H5, factors of CH3OCH2CH2OC2H5 a yield influence degree order: reaction temperature>C2H5Br consumption> etherification reaction time, comprehensive single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment results, and concludes that the C2H5Br, sodium metal and CH3OCH2CH2OH is a laboratory CH3OCH2CH2OC2H5 a the best conditions for, C2H5Br : Na (mol ratio) = 1.4, reaction temperature 80 °C, reaction time is 3.5 h.

Extraction of Collagen from Fish Scales with Papain under Ultrasonic Pretreatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 366 ◽  
pp. 421-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Nan Zeng ◽  
Bo Quan Jiang ◽  
Zheng Qiang Xiao ◽  
Shu Huan Li
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Extraction Rate ◽  
Extraction Time ◽  
Extraction Temperature ◽  
Fish Scales ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Ultrasonic Pretreatment ◽  
Pretreatment Time ◽  
Single Factor Experiment

The extraction of collagen from fish scales with papain under ultrasonic pretreatment was conducted in this paper. The effects of the ultrasonic pretreatment time, the ratio of papain to fish scales, the extraction temperature and the extraction time on the extraction rate of collagen were investigated by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment, respectively. The results showed that the optimum conditions for collagen extraction from fish scales were: ultrasonic pretreatment time 4min, ratio of papain to fish scales 4%, temperature 60°C and extraction time 5h. Under the optimum conditions the extraction rate of collagen reached 90.7%.

Emulsifier’s Influence on the Quality of Frozen Dough

2011 ◽  
Vol 343-344 ◽  
pp. 423-429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Ru Bao ◽  
Xian Lun Wang ◽  
Shun Cheng Ren
Keyword(s):  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Sucrose Ester ◽  
Single Factor ◽  
Sugar Ester ◽  
Frozen Dough ◽  
Steamed Bread ◽  
Single Factor Experiment

The study focused on the effect of four emulsifier ssl-csl, three monoesters, the single glyceride, the sugar ester for the quality of frozen dough steamed bread. We found the best percentage of additives through a single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment .The results showed that: the best formula was 0.2% ssl-csl, 0.25% three monoesters, 0.25% single glycerides, 0.5% sucrose ester. This compound emulsifier can improve the toughness of steamed bread, all indications were ideal.

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