Effects of Basicity (CaO/SiO2) on the Behavior of Heavy Metals from Sludge Incineration Ash by Vitrification Treatment

2014 ◽  
Vol 878 ◽  
pp. 284-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Kun Zhang ◽  
Ai Min Li ◽  
Xuan Ye Liang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Heavy Metal Leaching ◽  
Sludge Incineration ◽  
Leaching Toxicity ◽  
Regulatory Standard ◽  
Strong Capacity

Heavy metals are one of the important factors that need to be considering for the disposal of sludge incineration ash. Vitrification by melting has been identified as a potentially effective tool that can solidify the heavy metals into the glass matrix structure. In this paper, the characteristics of heavy metals in sludge incineration ash (SIA) were studied by using Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction procedure. Fractions extracted by the BCR sequential procedure were acid soluble/exchangeable, reducible, oxidizable and residual fraction, respectively. The total contents of Cu were the highest, followed by then Zn, Cr and Ni, and the content of Pb was the least. The effects of basicity (CaO/SiO2) on the solidification efficiency of heavy metals and the leaching toxicity of obtained molten slag were investigated. The molten slags demonstrated strong capacity on the stabilization/ solidification of heavy metals. With the basicity value increasing from 0.4 to 0.8, the solidification efficiency of Cu, Zn, Pb and Ni decreased first and then increased, while that of Cr decreased straightly. The heavy metal leaching test results of the molten slags were far lower than the limits required by the regulatory standard of EPA, confirming the possibility of engineering and construction applications.

scholarly journals Metal Speciation in Sediment from Muara Angke, Jakarta Bay Using of BCR Sequential Extraction Procedure

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Lestari Lestari ◽  
Fitri Budiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Sequential Extraction Procedure ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction

The assessment of the biological availability of metals is rarely used only by knowing the total concentration of the metal. Therefore, six sediment samples from Muara Angke, Teluk Jakarta were assessed the chemical speciation of heavy metals. This study aims to determine metal speciation using the BCR sequential extraction procedure and to determine metal speciation to evaluate bioavailability in the sediments of Muara Angke, Jakarta Bay. In sediment from Muara Angke, the ability to move sequence of heavy metals studied was Pb>Zn>Cu>Ni. The mostly accumulated in the non-residual fraction of the total concentrations are Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn which indicated that the mobility and anthropogenic inputs of these metals in Muara Angke were quite high. The Risk Assessment Code (RAC) reveal that Zn and Ni at almost station exist in exchangeable and a fraction of carbonate-bound and therefore high-risk category. Most of the Cu at most of the station is in the oxidizable fraction, except a small portion found at all station is in the exchangeable fraction and fraction of carbonate-bound thus posing a low risk for the waters environment. The patterns of Pb speciation show no to low risk to the waters environment. However, metal observations in the waters are necessary because they are persistent and can accumulate which threatening the water environment.

Environmental Activity of Heavy Metals in Slags Treated by Electrokinetic Removal Technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 84-85 ◽  
pp. 264-268
Author(s):  
Zhong Hui Xu ◽  
Dong Wei Li ◽  
Xi Peng
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Atomic Fluorescence ◽  
Removal Technology ◽  
Fluorescence Spectrometer ◽  
Electronic Microscope ◽  
Environmental Activity

Ancient pyrometallurgical zinc generated large amounts of slag. Natural leaching from ancient pyrometallurgical zinc sites had contaminated the soil closed to the deposits. Enhanced electrokinetic removal technology was adopted to treat these slags. In this paper, atomic fluorescence spectrometer and scanning electronic microscope were used to investigate the total metal concentration and the surface topography of slags. The results showed that the heavy metals content in slags was high. The content of zinc in slags was up to 114550mg/kg. The surface topography of slags indicated that that the slags were corroded obviously by rainwater and lots of poisoning elements had released to the surroundings. The optimized BCR sequential extraction procedure was used to analyze the chemical speciation of heavy metals in slags. It could be determined that the evironmental activity of ancient pyrometallurgical slag decreased obviously after the treatment with electrokinetic removal technology and part of the residual fraction of heavy metals in slags transformed to the other fractions during the electrokinetic removal process.

scholarly journals Quantification and Speciation of Lead, Cadmium and Chromium in Dandora Dumpsite Soils

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
P. M. Kahara ◽  
J. Murungi ◽  
J. K. Kiptoo ◽  
G. Nyaga
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Profile ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Lead And Cadmium ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption

Open dumpsites are one of the main sources of heavy metals and as a result, lots of research has been undertaken on the pseudo-total content of heavy metals in dumpsite soils, but little research on the forms in which they exist. The current research was carried out to determine levels of chromium, lead and cadmium in the various fractions of Dandora dumpsite soil and how they are fractionated in the topsoil and subsoil horizons. Samples were obtained from eight sites with depths of (0-30 cm) and (30-60 cm) for topsoil and bottom soils respectively. The modified Community Bureau of Reference (BCR) sequential extraction procedure was used and metal analysis performed using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The metals (lead, chromium and cadmium) total concentration (µg/g) in the upper soil profile ranged from 42.22 to 1096.21, 38.26 to 180.60 and 11.23 to 44.22 while the lower soil profiles were 54.19 to 239.28, 30.56 to 76.48 and 9.47 to 22.56, respectively. The concentration of lead in various fractions of the upper soil profile followed the order; reducible > oxidisable > residual > exchangeable, while that of chromium was residual > oxidisable > reducible > exchangeable. Cadmium followed the order exchangeable > residual > reducible > oxidisable. The percentage of the metals in non-residual fraction were Pb (78%), Cr (58.7%) and Cd (70%). Their mobility factors were (Pb) 39.7 (Cr) 7.75 and (Cd) 5.02 in the upper soil profiles. Thus, the results suggest that Dandora dumpsite is highly polluted with the selected heavy metals.

Research on the Morphological of Lead and Zinc in the Smelting Slag

2015 ◽  
Vol 1088 ◽  
pp. 200-205
Author(s):  
Lin Yu ◽  
Dong Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Ecological Risk ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Residual Fraction ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Lead And Zinc ◽  
Smelting Slag ◽  
Reducible Fraction

In this paper analysed the forms of heavy metals (Zn Pb Cd and As) of the Smelting Slag for Lead and Zinc,using BCR sequential extraction. Different chemical morphological of heavy metals have different activity and harmfulness. Migration and Utilization of heavy metals were decided by the existent form of heavy metals in the soil,which influenced Bioactivity and Toxicity. The results show that the main forms of Zn and Cd are Oxidizable and Residual fraction, and Pb mainly occurred in Oxidizable and Reducible fraction. however, As mainly occurred in Residual fraction, which the percentage of reachs 99.56%. According to the percentage of fractions extracted in total content (As is 0.44%, Zn is 14.7%, Pb is 85.98%, Cd is 48.86%),the latent ecological risk of heavy metals varied in the descending order of,Pb Cd Zn and As.

Analysis of Heavy Metal Leaching in Fly Ash from One Shanghai Municipal Solid Waste Incineration (MSWI) Plant

2012 ◽  
Vol 531 ◽  
pp. 292-295
Author(s):  
Hai Ying Zhang ◽  
Guo Liang Yuan ◽  
Guo Xian Ma
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste ◽  
Solid Waste ◽  
Hazardous Waste ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Waste Incineration ◽  
Municipal Solid Waste Incineration ◽  
Mswi Fly Ash ◽  
Leaching Toxicity

The characteristics and leaching behavior of heavy metals in fly ash, sampled from one MSWI (municipal solid waste incineration) plant in Shanghai China, were investigated. The results indicated that the main elements of fly ash were Fe, K, Na, Cl, Si, Ca, Al, and the total fraction of heavy metals was in the range of 0.8 % - 2.0%. Hence, MSWI fly ash was considered to be one kind of hazardous waste due to its potential environmental risk. Leaching toxicity was performed on fly ash samples from the MSWI plant in Shanghai China. Leaching toxicity of the heavy metals by the ALT (available leaching toxicity) procedure exceeded that by the HVEP (horizontal vibration extraction procedure) standard. Leaching concentrations of Ni, Zn, Cd and Pb exceeded the limit of hazardous waste identification standard. Hence, fly ash is a hazardous waste.

Influence and Mechanism of Different pH Values of Extractant on the Leachability of Heavy Metals in Industrial Sewage Sludge

2011 ◽  
Vol 197-198 ◽  
pp. 1000-1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Yong Liu ◽  
Shui Yu Sun ◽  
Yan Bin Xu ◽  
Li Zheng ◽  
Shao Song Huang
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Leaching Tests ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Leaching Toxicity ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Adsorption Desorption ◽  
Industrial Sewage ◽  
Industrial Sewage Sludge

The leaching tests of heavy metals in industrial sewage sludge were carried out under different pH of extractant by the solid waste extraction procedure for leaching toxicity (GB5086.2-1997) of China on the base of the contents and fractions of Zn, Cu, Pb, Cr, Mn and Ni elements. The results showed that the sludge was with higher levels of Mn and Zn, followed by Cu and Ni, while the higher toxicity of Pb and Cr was lower. The fractions of different elements in the sewage sludge had very different forms. The potential migration and biological toxicity were a concern for the active forms of Zn, Mn, Ni, Cr because their active proportions were more than 50%. The pH of extraction solutions had an important impact on the leaching of heavy metals in sewage sludge. The largest concentrations of Zn, Mn, Ni, Cu were appeared when the pH of extractant was about 7, but that of Fe had a greater fluctuation at the same pH. The concentrations of heavy metals had very different at different pH values, which may be related with the process of adsorption/desorption, complexation/dissociation, the dissolution/precipitation/co-precipitation and other chemical reactions in the extractant process.

Time-saving application for sequential extraction of heavy metals by optimized BCR method and lixiviation from untreated sewage sludge

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jamali ◽  
T. Kazi ◽  
M. Arain ◽  
H. Afridi ◽  
J. Baig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Reference Material ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Sequential Extraction ◽  
Certified Reference Material ◽  
Extraction Procedure ◽  
Domestic Waste ◽  
Bcr Sequential Extraction ◽  
Optimum Recovery

This article describes an improvement in the modified BCR three-step sequential extraction procedure employed for heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) in untreated domestic waste-water sewage sludge collected from different cities in Pakistan.The BCR sequential extraction protocol requires 16 h for each step, whereas in the present work optimum recoveries of all heavy metals were attained in 10 h/step. The validity of the proposed BCR sequential extraction procedure was checked using certified reference material (BCR 483). Various parameters such as time interval (2–16 h) and sample mass (0.2–1.0 g) were studied to achieve optimum recovery of the heavy metals studied. The extracted analytes were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The optimum recovery of heavy metals from the certified reference material and from experimental samples was achieved at a sample mass of 0.4 g, while the time required for extraction on a mechanical shaker at 30 rpm was found to be 26–32 h. The sequence of easily available (acid-exchangeable) heavy metals was determined as Cd<Zn<Ni<Cr<Pb<Cu. With the exception of Cd the dominant fractions of the heavy metals were associated with organic matter, while 31.0 and 47.8% of Cd was present in acid-soluble and reducible forms, respectively. A lixiviation test (DIN 38414-S4) was used to evaluate the leaching of heavy metals from the domestic waste-water sewage sludge used for agricultural purposes.

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