The Possibility of Using an Infrared Spectrometer for Determination of Historical Building Material Composition

2021 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Kateřina Sladká ◽  
Lukáš Balík ◽  
Radka Pernicová
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Chemical Analyses ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Silicate Materials

This paper deals with the possibilities of analysis of building materials in terms of chemical composition. Using the method of infrared spectroscopy, we can determine the organic compounds in coatings, adhesives, grout, and silicate materials. Building material characteristics have to be in accordance with the standards. However, due to external conditions, the material can degrade during its life. Observations and chemical analyses of the building materials must be performed to be able to do remediation and reconstruction of the historical building. Infrared spectroscopy was chosen as the best for qualitative analysis of organic admixtures in building materials.

scholarly journals Mid-infrared spectroscopy of Uranus from the Spitzer infrared spectrometer: 2. Determination of the mean composition of the upper troposphere and stratosphere

Icarus ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 243 ◽  
pp. 471-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn S. Orton ◽  
Julianne I. Moses ◽  
Leigh N. Fletcher ◽  
Amy K. Mainzer ◽  
Dean Hines ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Mid Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Upper Troposphere ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
The Mean

Near- versus Mid-Infrared Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy for the Quantitative Determination of the Composition of Forages and By-Products

1994 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Reeves
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
By Products

The objective of this work was to explore the relative value of near- and mid-infrared diffused reflectance spectroscopy in determining the composition of forages and by-products. Sixty-seven samples consisting of 15 alfalfa, 16 tall fescue and 15 orchard grass hays, 10 corn stovers and 11 wheat straws at various stages of maturity were examined by diffuse reflectance using a scanning monochromator (1100–2500 nm), a Fourier near infrared spectrometer (10,000–4000 cm−1, 4 and 16 cm−1 resolution, neat and 5% sample in KBr) and a Fourier mid-infrared spectrometer (4000–400 cm−1, 4 and 16 cm−1 resolution, neat and 5% sample in KBr). Samples were analysed chemically and spectroscopically for fibres, in vitro digestibility, crude protein, nitrobenzene oxidation products and various measures of lignin content. The results showed that diffuse mid-infrared reflectance spectroscopy can perform as well as, and sometimes better than, diffuse near infrared spectroscopy in determining the composition of forages and by-products. In addition, Fourier near infrared spectroscopy did not perform as well as either near infrared using a scanning monochromator or the Fourier mid-infrared spectrometer. Finally, diluting samples with KBr was not beneficial for either Fourier based determinations. Additional work with more diverse data sets and various Fourier instrument configurations will be needed to further define the limits and usefulness of Fourier transform near- and mid-infrared spectroscopy in the determination of forage and by-product composition.

Pore-Forming Additives for Ceramic Gravel Production Made of Technogenic Materials

2016 ◽  
Vol 870 ◽  
pp. 196-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.Yu. Kiryushina ◽  
N.S. Lupandina
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Atomic Absorption ◽  
Building Material ◽  
Industrial Waste ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Optimal Amount ◽  
Technogenic Waste

The purpose of the research is to determine the possibility of producing claydite gravel using the technogenic waste - wastewater treatment sludge – as the raw material. In this paper the titrimetric, spectrophotometrical, atomic absorption methods of research are used, the chemical composition of clay and wastewater treatment sludge has been determined. The possibility of using this waste material as an additive for claydite gravel production has been proved. The optimal amount of the wastewater treatment sludge being added to the basic raw stuff has been identified. The negligible extent of heavy metals leaching from the obtained building material has been researched and experimentally proved. The article can be of interest for the specialists in the sphere of obtaining new building materials based on industrial waste and wastewater treatment.

Analysis on the Building Material of the Traditional Copper Hall from the Taishan Mountain, Using XRF and GIS

2012 ◽  
Vol 450-451 ◽  
pp. 239-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Building Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Building Structure ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Historical Building ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Building Component ◽  
Alloy Analysis ◽  
Made In

The alloy analysis of the building material of the copper hall from Taishan Mountain (TCH) is presented. First, the historical building structure of the TCH is investigated and introduced. Then the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) results are given. Analysis is done based on the units of building component. The results show that about one third of the components are made in brass, and two thirds are in bronze. Further, The XRF results are loaded into geographic information system (GIS) to analyze the relation between the building components and their materials. Most of the major structural components are made in bronze, or contains relative higher Sn. Finally, the reason why TCH use both bronze and brass as building materials is discussed.

Determination of Methane Fermentation Yield and its Kinetics by near Infrared Spectroscopy and Chemical Composition in Maize

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 463-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Grieder ◽  
Greta Mittweg ◽  
Baldev S. Dhillon ◽  
Juan M. Montes ◽  
Elena Orsini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Methane Fermentation

scholarly journals Study Regarding the Micro Filler Effect of Sludge Resulting from Steel Pickling

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Claudiu Aciu ◽  
Daniela Lucia Manea ◽  
Dana-Adriana Iluţiu-Varvara
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Steel Pipes ◽  
General Chemical

The management of waste, resulting in high amounts from different production processes, often raises special problems. This is also the case for sludge, generated in increasing amounts from the chemical pickling of steel pipes. This article presents the results of laboratory experiments regarding the micro filler effect of sludge generated by chemical pickling of steel pipes and analyzes its capacity to be a pozzolanic material. The study involved the performance of mechanical tests (specific surface of the powder; compressive mechanical strengths) and chemical tests (determination of the general chemical composition of cement and sludge using the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) method; determination of oxides in the chemical composition of sludge by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES); X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis of the sludge and cement used). This topic was addressed because recycling of sludge, by using it for the manufacture of new building materials, takes advantage of the waste resulting from the pickling of steel pipes that-until now-has generated large volumes without a specific use.

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