scholarly journals Regeneration Mechanism of Full Thickness Cartilage Defect Using Combination of Freeze Dried Bovine Cartilage Scaffold - Allogenic Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells - Platelet Rich Plasma Composite (SMPC) Implantation

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 70-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwikora Novembri Utomo ◽  
Fedik Abdul Rantam ◽  
Ferdiansyah ◽  
Purwati
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Cartilage Defect ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Cartilage Surface ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Regeneration Mechanism ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Bovine Cartilage ◽  
And Cartilage

Cartilage defect has become serious problem for orthopaedic surgeon and patients because of its difficult healing that might occur when articular cartilage damage never reach subchondral layer. In this study, we used combination of freeze dried bovine cartilage (FDBC) scaffold, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs), and platelet rich plasma (PRP) composite (SMPC) implanted in full thickness cartilage defect. This study is to explain its regeneration mechanism. This is true experimental research with post-test only control group design using New Zealand White Rabbit. 50 rabbits is divided into three groups of SMPC, BM-MSCs and FDBC. 37 rabbits evaluated after twelve weeks. Histopathologic examination showed the number of chondrocytes, collagen thickness and cartilage width are highest on SMPC group. Immunohistochemical examination showed SMPC group has the highest number of chondroprogenitor cells express FGF-2R, Sox-9, and MAPK. Brown Forsythe test resulted in significant increase the number of chondrocytes (p=0,010), collagen thickness (p=0,000), and cartilage surface width (p=0,015), and increase FGF-2R (p=0,000), MAPK (p=0,000), and Sox-9 (p=0,000) on SMPC group. Using path analysis, there is strong influence from FGF-2R, MAPK, and Sox-9 to the increase of chondrocytes, collagen thickness, and cartilage surface width. Hence, SMPC implantation mechanism of full thickness cartilage defect regeneration can be explained.

Topical Transplantation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Made Deeper Skin Wounds Regeneration

2020 ◽  
pp. 229255032096740
Author(s):  
Qin Yonghong ◽  
Li Aishu ◽  
Yazan Al-Ajam ◽  
Liao Yuting ◽  
Zhang Xuanfeng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Full Thickness ◽  
Wound Model ◽  
Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Current wound healing models generally employ full-thickness or irregular split wounds. Consequently, assessing the type of healing at varying wound depths and determining the deepest level at which wounds can regenerate has been a challenge. We describe a wound model that allows assessment of the healing process over a continuous gradient of wound depth, from epidermal to full-thickness dermal loss. Further, we investigate whether green fluorescent protein–labeled bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs/GFP) transplantation could regenerate deeper wounds that might otherwise lead to scar formation. A wound gradient was created on the back of 120 Sprague Dawley rats, which were randomized into the BM-MSCs/GFP and control group. These were further subdivided into 6 groups where terminal biopsies of the healing wounds were taken at days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 21 post-operatively. At each observed time point, the experimental animals were anesthetized and photographed, and depending on the group, the animals euthanized and skin taken for rapid freezing, haemotoxylin and eosin staining, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) immunohistochemistry. We found the deepest layer to regenerate in the control group was at the level of the infundibulum apex, while in the BM-MSCs/GFP group this was deeper, at the opening site of sebaceous duct at hair follicle in which had the appearance of normal skin and less wound contraction than the control group ( P value less than .05). The expression of VEGF in BM-MSCs/GFP group was higher than that in control group ( P value less than .05). The number of vessels increased from 2.5 ± 0.2/phf of control group to 5.0 ± 0.3/phf of BM-MSCs/GFP ( P value less than .05). The progressively deepening wound model we described can identify the type of wound repair at increasing depths. Further, topical transplantation of BM-MSCs/GFP significantly improved regeneration of deeper wounds from infundibulum apex (maximum depth of control group regeneration) to the opening site of sebaceous duct at hair follicle level.

scholarly journals BM-MSCs differentiated to chondrocytes for treatment of full-thickness cartilage defect of the knee

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Mardones ◽  
Alessio Giai Via ◽  
Gennaro Pipino ◽  
Claudio M. Jofre ◽  
Sara Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Defect ◽  
Collagen Type ◽  
Oxford Knee Score ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Type I ◽  
Knee Score ◽  
Full Thickness

Abstract Background Full-thickness articular cartilage injury of the knee is a major cause of disability. The aim of this study is to assess the outcome of patients treated with differentiated to chondrocytes bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) cultured on a collagen type I/III (Chondro-Gide®) scaffold. The secondary aim was to confirm the absence of adverse events. Methods Fifteen patients (19 knees) with symptomatic full-thickness cartilage defects of the knee were enrolled. Bone marrow was harvested from the iliac crest, BM-MSCs were prepared, and expanded cells were grown in a standard medium or in a standard culture medium containing TGF-β. BM-MSCs differentiated to chondrocytes were seeded in a porcine collagen type I/III scaffold (Chondro-Gide®) and cultured in TGF-β containing media. After 4 weeks, the membrane was sutured on the cartilage defect. All patients underwent plain radiographs (antero-posterior, lateral, and axial view of the patella) and MRI of the affected knee. The Oxford knee score, the Lyhsolm scale, and the VAS score were administered to all patients. At final follow-up a MRI for the study of articular cartilage was undertaken. Results The mean size of the cartilage lesions was 20 × 17 mm (range, 15 × 10 mm–30 × 30 mm). At final follow-up, the median Oxford knee score and Lyhsolm scale scores significantly improved from 29 (range 12–39; SD 7.39) to 45 (range 24–48; SD 5.6) and from 55.5 (range 25–81; SD 17.7) to 94.5 (58–100; SD 10.8), respectively. Pain, according to the VAS score, significantly improved. Sixty percent of patients reported their satisfaction as excellent, 20% as good, 14% as fair, and 1 patient as poor. Conclusion The treatment of full-thickness chondral injuries of the knee with differentiated to chondrocytes BM-MSCs and Chondro-Gide® scaffold showed encouraging outcomes. Further studies involving more patients, and with longer follow-up, are required to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment and the long-term results.

scholarly journals BM-MSCs differentiated to chondrocytes for treatment of full-thickness cartilage defect of the knee

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Mardones ◽  
Alessio Giai Via ◽  
Gennaro Pipino ◽  
Claudio Jofrè ◽  
Sara Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Defect ◽  
Collagen Type ◽  
Oxford Knee Score ◽  
Collagen Type I ◽  
Type I ◽  
Knee Score ◽  
Full Thickness

Abstract Background Full-thickness articular cartilage injury of the knee is a major cause of disability. The aim of this study is to assess the results of patients treated with differentiated to chondrocytes bone marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells (BM-MSCs) cultured on a collagen Type I/III (Chondro-Gide®) scaffold. The secondary aim was to confirm the absence of adverse events. Methods Fifteen patients (19 knees) with symptomatic full-thickness cartilage defects of the knee have been enrolled for the study. Bone marrow was harvested from the iliac crest, BM-MSCs were prepared, and expanded cells were grown in a standard medium or in a standard culture medium containing TGF-β. BM-MSCs differentiated to chondrocytes were seeded in a porcine collagen Type I/III scaffold (Chondro-Gide®), and cultured in TGF- β containing media. After 4 weeks, the membrane was sutured on the cartilage defect. All patients underwent plain radiographs of the knee (antero-posterior, lateral, and axial view of the patella), and MRI of the affected knee. The Oxford knee score, the Lyhsolm scale, and the VAS score were administered to all patients. At final follow-up a MRI for the study of articular cartilage was undertaken. Results The mean size of the cartilage lesions was 20 × 17 mm (range, 15 × 10 mm − 30 × 30 mm). At final follow-up, the median Oxford knee score and Lyhsolm scale scores significantly improved from 29 (range 12–39; SD 7,39) to 45 (range 24–48; SD 5,6) and from 55.5 (range 25–81; SD 17,7) to 94.5 (58–100; SD 10,8) respectively. Pain, according the VAS score, significantly improved. 60% of patients reported their satisfaction as excellent, 20% as good, 14% as fair, and 1 patient as poor. Conclusion The treatment of full-thickness chondral injuries of the knee with differentiated to chondrocytes BM-MSCs and Chondro-Gide® scaffold showed encouraging outcomes. Further studies involving more patients, and with longer follow-up, are required in order to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment and the long-term results.

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