Application of Media Manufactural by Waste Plastic to Stormwater Treatment in Urban Drainage System

2006 ◽  
Vol 510-511 ◽  
pp. 606-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seog Ku Kim ◽  
Sang Leen Yun ◽  
Young Im Kim ◽  
Sung Won Kang ◽  
Yong Jae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
The Other ◽  
Road Runoff ◽  
Point Source Pollution

While more attention has been paid in recent years to urban point source pollution control, no considerable measures have been taken to control urban non-point source pollution. Contaminants from non-point sources deposited on urban impermeable surfaces such as road and highway are easily released to the public waters by rainfall, leading to the deterioration in water quality in urban area. Experiments were performed using a reactor and real rainwater runoff obtained from road surfaces at various pollutant loading and rainfall intensity to determine the criteria for the first flush rainwater and to evaluate the applicability of the reactor for treating road runoff. The results at different rainfall intensities show that the medium PPB is superior to the other media for water permeability. PPB was not blocked at 10 mm/hr rainfall, and its permeability was stable. On the other hand, PVS and PPF resulted in a substantial overflow ratio even at 1 mm/hr rainfall intensity. Comparison of treatment efficiencies for suspended solids showed that all media showed similar removal efficiency ranging from 91% to 95%. However, PPB seems to be better than the other media considering its higher water permeability. PPB and PPF, both hydrophobic, yielded over 76% of heavy metal removal. But the hydrophilic media PVS showed much smaller removal efficiency ranging from 26% to 47%. The treatment efficiencies over PAHs (Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons) showed the similar removal efficiency ranging from 66% to 97% for all three media. In this study a reactor using filter media was investigated to reduce the level of contamination in urban road runoff.

Effects of Rainfall and Vegetation Conditions on Colloid Transport in Saturated Vegetative Filter Strips

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congrong Yu ◽  
Yufeng Sun
Keyword(s):  
Surface Water ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Colloid Transport ◽  
Removal Mechanism ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
Vegetative Filter Strips ◽  
Filter Strips ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

<p>Non-point source pollution has become the main pollution source of surface water , among which colloidal pollutants are a kind of important non-point source pollutants. Rainfall runoff is the main factor that causes non-point source pollutants to migrate to water. Vegetative filter strips is an effective measure to control non-point source pollution. Vegetative density is one of the important factors affecting pollutant removal efficiency. In order to clarify the removal efficiency of colloidal non-point source pollutants by vegetative filter strips with different densities under rainfall conditions, it is necessary to study the effects of vegetative density and rainfall intensity on the migration and removal mechanism of colloids in vegetative filter strips. Based on the numerical model established by coupling non-Darcy flow water balance equation and colloid transport equation, combined with laboratory experiments and numerical simulation, the removal mechanism of colloid at different migration distances was studied under the conditions of fixed inflow, different rainfall intensity and vegetative density.</p><p>The results show that: 1) Although there is no infiltration, the colloid diffuses from surface water into saturated sand, which increases the removal efficiency of colloid. 2) Increasing vegetative density will increase the removal efficiency of colloids in vegetative filter strips. With the increase of density, the velocity of flow decreases, which decreases the deposition capacity of colloids on vegetative and increases the diffusion of colloids from surface water to soil. 3) Under rainfall conditions, the presence of rainfall increases the removal efficiency of colloids by vegetative filter strips. Although rainfall weakens the ability of vegetative to deposit colloids, it enhances the ability of colloids to diffuse to soil. The deposition capacity of colloids on vegetative increased with the increase of rainfall intensity. 4) The interception ability of vegetative enhances the diffusion ability of colloids to soil, and enhances the removal efficiency of colloids by vegetative. 5) In the vegetative filter strips, the adsorption coefficient of colloids decreases with the migration distance, mainly due to the heterogeneity of colloids. In the process of colloid migration, the absolute value of surface potential and the colloid with smaller particle size along the course are easy to be removed by vegetative filter strips because of the smaller barrier between colloid and plant, the smaller second energy potential well and the strong adsorption capacity of colloid deposition.</p><p>The research results provide important theoretical basis and reference for designing vegetative filter strips to remove colloidal non-point source pollutants under rainfall conditions.</p>

Heavy metal removal mechanisms of sorptive filter materials for road runoff treatment and remobilization under de-icing salt applications

2016 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 453-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maximilian Huber ◽  
Harald Hilbig ◽  
Sophia C. Badenberg ◽  
Julius Fassnacht ◽  
Jörg E. Drewes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Road Runoff ◽  
Filter Materials ◽  
Removal Mechanisms

Electrokinetic Remediation of Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil Using Permeable Reactive Composite Electrodes

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 361-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Bing Fu ◽  
Xin Xing Liu ◽  
Fang Liu ◽  
Jin Ma ◽  
Yu Mei Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Ph Control ◽  
Electrokinetic Remediation ◽  
Composite Electrodes ◽  
Remediation Process

A new permeable reactive composite electrode (PRCE) attached with a permeable reactive layer (PRL) of Fe0 and zeolite has been developed for soil pH control and the improved removal efficiency of heavy metal ions (Cd, Ni, Pb, Cu) from soil in electrokinetic remediation process. The effects of different composite electrodes on pH control and heavy metal removal efficiency were studied, and changes in the forms of heavy metals moved onto the electrodes were analyzed. The results showed that with acidic/alkaline zeolite added and renewed in time, the composite electrodes could effectively neutralize and capture H+ and OH- produced from electrolysis of the anolyte and catholyte, avoiding or delaying the formation of acidic/alkaline front in tested soil, preventing premature precipitation of heavy metal ions and over-acidification of soil, and thus significantly improved the heavy metal removal efficiency. Fe0 in composite electrodes could deoxidize and stabilize the heavy metal ions. After that capture and immobilization of the pollutants were achieved. The results also showed that, using "Fe0 + zeolite" PRCE in the cathode with timely renewal, after 15-day remediation with a DC voltage of 1.5 V/cm, the total removal rates of Cd, Pb, Cu and Ni were 49.4%, 47.1%, 36.7% and 39.2%, respectively.

scholarly journals Growth and metal removal efficiency of the green algae Schroederia setigera and Selenastrum bibraianum exposed to nickel, zinc and cadmium

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (5A) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Dao Thanh Son ◽  
Van Tai Nguyen ◽  
Thuy Nhu Quynh Vo ◽  
Vinh Quang Tran ◽  
Thi My Chi Vo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Nickel Zinc ◽  
Ecological Protection

Heavy metal contamination is among the globally environmental and ecological concerns. In this study we assessed the development of the two green algae Schroederia setigera and Selenastrum bibraianum under exposures to 5 – 200 µg/L of Ni, Zn, and Cd in the laboratory conditions. Heavy metal removal efficiency of S. setigera was also tested in 537 µg Ni/L, 734 µg Zn/L, and 858 µg Cd/L. We found that the exposures with these heavy metals caused inhibitory on the growth of S. bibraianum. The S. bibraianum cell size in the 200 µg Zn/L treatment was around two times smaller than the control. However, Zn and Cd at the concentration of 200 µg/L did not inhibit the growth of S. setigera over 18 days of exposure. The S. setigera also grew well during 8 days exposed to Ni at the same concentration. Besides, the alga S. setigera could remove 66% of Zn, 18% of Cd and 12% of Ni out of the test medium after 16 days of incubation. The Vietnam Technical Regulation related to metals should be considered for ecological protection. We recommend to test the metal removal by the alga S. setigera at pilot scale prior to apply it in situ

Three essays on phosphorus runoff and water quality

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Seungyub Lee
Keyword(s):  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Point Sources ◽  
Point Source Pollution ◽  
University Of Missouri ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Limiting Nutrient ◽  
Phosphorus Runoff ◽  
Non Point Source Pollution

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Water pollution caused by nutrients, and the resulting eutrophication, have increased over time. This water pollution is increasingly caused by non-point source pollution, both nutrients and erosion. Controlling non-point pollution is important for water quality. However, non-point source pollution is not easy to track and control. In this case, management efforts can be solutions for these environmental issues in both urban and agricultural areas. In this dissertation, I focus on phosphorous (P) fertilizer because P is the limiting nutrient in freshwater systems. If we can reduce P runoff from urban and agricultural non-point sources, water quality can be improved. ... By analyzing national water quality and political economy data and by investigating a national survey of soybean producers, this dissertation found implications to increase adoption of environmentally friendly policies and practices. Solving this problem will require efforts to limit both residential and agricultural nonpoint source pollution. The results could be helpful policy makers to target specific regions to initiate environmental policies and extension efforts for designing educational programs to increase adoption rate as well as environmental quality.

Adsorption of Heavy Metals Using γ-PGA Produced by Bacillus pumilus

2018 ◽  
Vol 932 ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
Wei Feng Liu ◽  
Xue Wei Li ◽  
Wen Bo Dong ◽  
Le Bo ◽  
Yi Min Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Removal Rates ◽  
Gas Cleaning ◽  
Exhaust Gas Cleaning ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Addition Amount

Poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) produced by Bacillus pumilus C2 was employed to remove heavy metals from sewage of magnesium - based exhaust gas cleaning system (Mg-EGCS). The components of heavy metals in the sewage were detailed analyzed. On the base of the analytical results, the effects of addition amount of γ-PGA, adsorption time, temperature and NaCl concentration on the removal efficiency of typical heavy metals were further investigated. The optimal removal rates of heavy metals were obtained at the γ-PGA dosage of 9 g/L and adsorption duration of 30 min. The γ-PGA had excellent tolerance for high temperatures up to 80°C and exhibited steady heavy metal removal efficiency in NaCl concentrations of 0 – 24%. Under the optimal conditions, the removal rates of Zn, Cr, V, Cd, Pb and Ni by γ-PGA in a real sewage of Mg-EGCS achieved 53.6%, 100%, 49.2%, 72.7%, 33.7% and 39.9% respectively.

The PPL filtration treatment for highway runoff

2003 ◽  
Vol 47 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kimura ◽  
S. Matsui ◽  
Y. Simuzu ◽  
B.-C. Lee ◽  
M. Shinya
Keyword(s):  
Point Source ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Rainfall Intensity ◽  
Cod Removal ◽  
Constant Flow ◽  
Drainage Ditch ◽  
Highway Runoff ◽  
Pollution Intensity ◽  
Treatment Agent ◽  
High Pollution

The purpose of this research is to design a device which can treat highway runoff, especially runoff during initial rainfall with high pollution intensity, by connecting it with the draining grid sink of a drainage ditch on a highway, through which runoff flows. Porous polypropylene (PPL) particles were used as a treatment agent. The device treated highway runoff during initial rainfall by filtration and adsorption. It had a capacity to treat highway runoff in an area of 7.0 m × 20.0 m when rainfall intensity was up to10 mm/hr. Two cases of rainfall intensity were set for the experiment: 5 and 10 mm/hr. The relationships between the efficiency of SS and COD removals and the rainfall intensity were investigated. Using artificial highway runoff with constant flow and SS concentration, results of 70% or more of SS removal with 5 mm/hr and 50% or more with 10 mm/hr were obtained. COD removal efficiency was about 90% of SS removal efficiency. This device was effective to remove non-point source pollutants in runoff on highways.

Lead removal efficiency using biosorbents as alternative materials for permeable reactive barriers

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Cecilia Soto-Rios ◽  
Kazunori Nakano ◽  
Megumu Fujibayashi ◽  
Marco Leon-Romero ◽  
Osamu Nishimura
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Physical Adsorption ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Brown Seaweed ◽  
Permeable Reactive Barriers ◽  
Lead Removal ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms ◽  
Alternative Materials ◽  
Reactive Barriers

As alternative materials for heavy metal removal, this study investigated biosorbents to determine their suitability for permeable reactive barriers. The lead removal efficiencies of brown seaweed (Undaria pinnatifida) and reed (Phragmites australis) were determined under different conditions (batch and column system). The experimental results for these biomaterials fitted the Langmuir isotherm with high correlation values. It was verified that the influence of temperature on affinity was higher than that on adsorption capacity. While the lead removal efficiency of U. pinnatifida was higher than of P. australis in the batch experiments, lead removal efficiency decreased for both materials at approximately the same time in the column experiments. This indicates that the dominance of the chemical and physical adsorption mechanisms could result in differences in these systems.

Removal of Some Heavy Metals by Electrocoagulation

2012 ◽  
Vol 468-471 ◽  
pp. 2882-2890 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. H. Al Anbari ◽  
S. M. Alfatlawi ◽  
J. H. Albaidhani
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Metal Removal ◽  
Heavy Metal Removal ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Electrolytic Cells ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Working Parameters

Heavy metal removal by electrocoagulation using iron electrodes material was investigated in this paper. Several working parameters, such as pH, current density and heavy metal ions concentration were studied in an attempt to achieve a higher removal capacity. A simple and efficient treatment process for removal of heavy metals is essentially necessary. The performance of continuous flow electrocoagulation system, with reactor consists of a ladder series of twelve electrolytic cells, each cell containing stainless steel cathode and iron anode. The treatment of synthetic solutions containing Zn 2+,Cu 2+,Ni 2+,Cr 3+,Cd 2+ and Co 2+ ,has been investigated. Results showed that iron is very effective as sacrificial electrode material for heavy metals removal efficiency and cost points. Also it was concluded that the chromium has lower efficient removal as compared to zinc, copper and nickel. At the same time cadmium and cobalt have minimum removal efficiency.

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