scholarly journals Texture Evolution during Annealing of Warm Rolled Cr-Containing Low Carbon Steels

2007 ◽  
Vol 558-559 ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena V. Pereloma ◽  
Azdiar A. Gazder ◽  
John J. Jonas ◽  
Chris H.J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Low Carbon Steels ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cr Content ◽  
Back Scattering

Two low carbon steels alloyed with 0.48wt% and 0.78wt% Cr were warm rolled to 65% reduction at 640°C. Annealing was carried out at 710°C to achieve a range of recrystallized volume fractions up to 100%. Texture analysis was performed by X-ray diffraction and Electron Back Scattering Diffraction. During the initial stages of recrystallization, more recrystallized grains nucleated at shear bands than at grain boundaries in the 0.48wt%Cr steel, whereas this was not the case in the 0.78wt%Cr steel. This is associated with a decrease in the propensity to form shear bands due to the lower amount of C in solid solution in the high-Cr steel. Additionally, the nuclei showed a preference to develop the same fiber as the deformed region within which they nucleated. In both steels, an increase in the annealing time led to the deterioration of the ND (or γ) –fiber and a strengthening of both the RD (or α) –fiber and Goss component. In the fully recrystallized samples, the ND component was somewhat stronger in the steel with the higher Cr content.

scholarly journals Oriented Nucleation in Low-Carbon Steels

Texture ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. L. Every ◽  
M. Hatherly
Keyword(s):  
High Energy ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Line Broadening ◽  
Low Carbon Steels ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cell Structures ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Energy Components

The preferred orientations in hot-rolled, cold-rolled (70 % reduction), and annealed low-carbon steels (capped and aluminium-killed grades) have been investigated. Particular attention has been paid to the factors that control texture formation during annealing.The elastic energy stored in the cold-rolled steels is orientation dependent and the sequence, estimated from a Fourier analysis of X-ray line broadening, is V110>V111>V211>V100; the values range from 3.51 to 1.14 cal/g atom. The high energy components ({110}, {111}) have elongated cell structures but those of lower energy are equiaxed. In capped steels the high energy components recover and recrystallize most rapidly. In aluminium-killed steels both recovery and recrystallization are inhibited at low temperatures ≤ 500℃ and recrystallization begins first in the {111} components. It is shown that these effects are associated with precipitation and/or segregation of AlN during recovery. The recrystallization texture is determined primarily by oriented nucleation.

Texture Evolution in Si-Alloyed Ultra Low-Carbon Steels after Severe Plastic Deformation

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1077-1081 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Gobernado ◽  
R. Petrov ◽  
D. Ruiz ◽  
E. Leunis ◽  
Leo A. I. Kestens
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Severe Plastic Deformation ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Steels

scholarly journals Analysis of the dynamic behavior and local structure of solid-solution carbon in age-hardened low-carbon steels by soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy

Materialia ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 100876
Author(s):  
Kakeru Ninomiya ◽  
Kazutaka Kamitani ◽  
Yusuke Tamenori ◽  
Kazuki Tsuruta ◽  
Ken Takata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Absorption Spectroscopy ◽  
Local Structure ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Steels ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Absorption

Recrystallization Kinetics and Texture Evolution during Annealing of Cold Rolled Fe-Mn-C Alloy

2012 ◽  
Vol 715-716 ◽  
pp. 568-573 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Ping Lü ◽  
Dmitri A. Molodov ◽  
Günter Gottstein
Keyword(s):  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Recrystallization Kinetics ◽  
Nucleation Sites ◽  
Preferential Nucleation ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Mechanical Twins

The recrystallization behavior of 50% cold rolled Fe-22%Mn-0.376%C alloy during annealing at 560°C, 630°C and 700°C was investigated. Microhardness tests were applied for characterization of the recrystallization kinetics, X-ray diffraction and EBSD measurements were utilized to characterize the crystallographic texture and the grain microstructure. The obtained experimental data were evaluated in terms of the JMAK model. The obtained values of the Avrami exponent varied in the range between 0.70 and 1.37. The inhomogeneous grain microstructure after recrystallization is interpreted in terms of non-randomly distributed nuclei. Shear bands, lamellar lines intersecting with mechanical twins and grain boundaries with localized high misorientation gradients were identified to be preferential nucleation sites. No pronounced texture was observed after annealing at 630°C.

Surface Microstructure and Texture Evolution during Interrupted Annealing in Ultra Low Carbon Steels

2010 ◽  
Vol 89-91 ◽  
pp. 202-207
Author(s):  
J. Gautam ◽  
Roumen H. Petrov ◽  
Leo Kestens ◽  
Elke Leunis
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Surface Texture ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
Surface Microstructure ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Metal Vapour ◽  
Low Carbon Steels

The austenite-to-ferrite phase transformation, which is an inherent feature of low-alloyed ultra low carbon steels, has scarcely been investigated to control surface texture and microstructure evolution. This paper investigates the systematic evolution of texture and microstructure at the metal-vapour interface during interrupted annealing in vacuum. Interrupted annealing experiments were carried out on three ultra low carbon steel sheets alloyed with Mn, Al and Si. The texture and microstructures have been investigated by X-ray diffraction and SEM-EBSD techniques. These results reveal a very clear variation in the surface texture components as well as in the surface microstructure after BCC recrystallisation and double  transformation interrupted annealing. The recrystallisation texture consists mainly of a <111>//ND fibre, while the transformation texture at the surface exhibits a <100>// ND fibre in combination with components of the <110> //ND fibre. It has been revealed that the latter specific surface texture was present in a monolayer of outer surface grains which were in direct contact with the vapour atmosphere. This observed phenomenon could be explained by considering the role of surface energy anisotropy occurring during phase transformation annealing.

Cr Influence on Steel Microstructure and Kinetics of Austenite Decomposition at Near-Bay Temperatures

2005 ◽  
Vol 500-501 ◽  
pp. 311-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Samoilov ◽  
Yuri Titovets ◽  
Nikolay Y. Zolotorevsky ◽  
Gottfried Hribernig ◽  
Andreas Pichler
Keyword(s):  
Isothermal Transformation ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Austenite Decomposition ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Transformation Kinetics ◽  
Low Carbon Steels ◽  
Steel Microstructure ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Cr Content ◽  
Kinetics Of

An experimental study of Fe-C-Mn-Cr low-carbon steels with varying Cr content is presented. Pronounced bay and a near-stasis behavior were shown in the alloy with 1.1% Cr. Isothermal transformation at temperatures roughly between 500 and 600°C reveals two pronounced stages. SEM examination of the microstructures showed that the rapid first stage is controlled by carbide-free bainite formation while the slow second stage is controlled by a eutectoid-type reaction. Some microstructure features of the transformation were noted and discussed. Based on experimental observations, a model of austenite decomposition was developed to account for the main features of transformation kinetics in the alloys with varying Cr content.

Relationship between Microstructure and Texture Development during the Early Stages of Annealing in Warm Rolled Low Carbon Steels

2005 ◽  
Vol 500-501 ◽  
pp. 795-802
Author(s):  
Ilana B. Timokhina ◽  
John J. Jonas ◽  
Simon P. Ringer ◽  
S. Bulcock ◽  
Elena V. Pereloma
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Low Carbon Steel ◽  
Warm Rolling ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Texture Development ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Phosphorus Addition ◽  
Low Carbon Steels ◽  
Early Stages

The influence of chromium and phosphorus addition on the microstructure and on texture development was studied during the early stages of the annealing of warm rolled, low carbon steels. The addition of alloying elements led to an increase in the volume fraction of grains containing both shear bands and microbands. Moreover, the alloyed steels displayed lower stored energies and dislocation densities compared with an unalloyed low carbon steel. Two types of carbides were present after warm rolling in the steels containing the alloying additions: (i) coarse carbides; and (ii) fine strain-induced particles. These microstructural differences affected the development of texture during annealing.

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