Preliminary Study of ABS/Chitosan Blend Polymer for DMFC Membranes

2019 ◽  
Vol 961 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayati ◽  
Muhammad Mujiburohman ◽  
Hamid Abdillah ◽  
Herry Purnama ◽  
Arnaldi Dwilaksita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Blend Polymer

The low cost of ABS polymer and natural polymer chitosan offer attractive chemical and physical properties for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). In this contribution, investigation of blend membrane made of ABS and chitosan, and their characterization for water uptake, swelling degree and ion exchange capacity (IEC) and methanol crossover are reported. This membrane was also assessed for its intermolecular interactions and thermal stability using FTIR and TGA compared to the pristine membrane. The water absorption and IEC values were affected by membrane network structure. The polymer blend had better thermal stability and a reduction of methanol permeability, this indicated the viability of utilization these materials as polymer electrolyte membrane in DMFC

scholarly journals Promising Potential of Eugenol (Clove) Based Organic Membrane for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell

2021 ◽  
Vol 2117 (1) ◽  
pp. 012037
Author(s):  
E C Muliawati ◽  
A Budianto ◽  
A Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Proton Conductor ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Solvent Absorption

Abstract Fuel cell is one of alternative method to replace fossil fuel energy. The important component of fuel cell is a membrane that used for separating cathode and anode also as a proton conductor. The purpose of this research is to produce polymer electrolyte membrane from poly (eugenol sulfonate) (PES) as polymer matrix, characterize the resulting membrane analysis using ionic properties analysis by calculating ionic conductivity using impedance spectroscopy, ion exchange capacity (IEC), solvent absorption analysis by calculating water uptake and methanol permeability, and studying mechanism Proton transport that occurs on the membrane. This research was initiated by making polymer of PES, and then fabrication and characterization of electrolytic polymer membrane. The formed membrane has an optimal proton conductivity of 0.00095 S.cm-1 with PES composition of 22% (wt).

A study on the characterization of FEP-g-PVBSA membranes as polymer electrolytes for direct methanol fuel cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 555-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geng Fei ◽  
Mi-Lim Hwang ◽  
Junhwa Shin
Keyword(s):  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Radiation Induced

Poly(vinylbenzyl sulfonic acid)-grafted poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) (FEP- g-PVBSA) electrolyte membrane was prepared by radiation-induced grafting of vinylbenzyl chloride onto FEP film with subsequent sulfonation processes. An energy dispersive X-ray analysis was used to observe the cross-sectional distribution behaviors of the hydrophilic sulfonic acid groups and hydrophobic fluorine groups. The characteristics of an ion-exchange capacity (IEC), water and methanol uptake, methanol permeability, and proton conductivity as a function of the degree of grafting were studied. The IECs and water uptakes of membranes with different degrees of grafting (36 to 102%) were measured in the range of 0.8 to 1.62 meq g−1 and 10 to 30%, respectively. The proton conductivity was higher than that of a Nafion 212 membrane (6.1 E−02 S cm−1), when the degree of grafting reached 60%. The methanol permeability and uptake of the FEP- g-PVBSA membrane was significantly lower than that of the Nafion 212 membrane, and even the degree of grafting reached 102%.

Water Balance in PEM and Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Izenson ◽  
Roger W. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Pem Fuel Cells ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Specific Calculations ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells

Water management is a critical design issue for polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells, because the PEM must be maintained at the proper water content to remain ionically conducting without flooding the electrodes. Furthermore, portable PEM power systems should operate at water balance to minimize weight. This paper presents the basic design relationships that govern water balance in a PEM fuel cell. Specific calculations are presented based on data from hydrogen/air and direct methanol fuel cells currently under development for portable power systems. We will show how the water balance operating point depends on the cell operating parameters and show the sensitivity to off-design conditions.

scholarly journals Using of Clay as Heterogeneous Catalysts for Organic Syntheses; A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 32-36
Author(s):  
Enas A. Almadani ◽  
Farah Haron ◽  
Dala M Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Cyclization Reactions ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Oxidation Of Alcohols ◽  
Esterification Reactions

Clay and clay modified catalysts have been widely used to catalyze various types of organic reactions such as esterification reactions, isomerization reactions, cyclization reactions, oxidation of alcohols, dehydrogenation, epoxidation and several more. Due to its favorable properties such as low cost, thermal stability, selectivity, large surface area, ion exchange capacity, easily separated, as well as environmental friendly. This paper reviewed some recent studies on the using of clay and modified clay as catalyst for the production of esters.

A novel proton conducting polymer electrolyte membrane for fuel cell applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deivanayagam Paradesi ◽  
Sivasubramanian Gandhimathi ◽  
Hariharasubramanian Krishnan ◽  
Ramaswamy Jeyalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Direct Synthesis ◽  
Membrane Electrode Assembly ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
Membrane Electrode ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Oxygen Fuel

A series of phenolphthalein-based sulfonated poly(ether ether sulfone) (SPEES) membranes were synthesized by aromatic nucleophilic polymerization reaction. The degree of sulfonation was controlled by direct synthesis of sulfonated polymer, which leads to high thermal stability. The physicochemical properties of the SPEES membranes were studied in order to evaluate the suitability of these membranes in fuel cell applications. The ion-exchange capacity of the synthesized SPEES membranes was found in the range between 2.19 mequiv. g−1 and 2.35 mequiv. g−1. The morphology of the membranes was investigated with high-resolution scanning electron microscopy and confirmed the presence of hydrophilic domains that impart good proton conductivity. The membrane electrode assembly of SPEES-30 and SPEES-50 membranes has been successfully fabricated, where SPEES-50 produced a maximum peak power density of 643 mW cm−2 while applying in hydrogen–oxygen fuel cell.

The Influence on Proton Conductivity and Methanol Permeability of SiO2/PVA-PAMPS Composite Membrane

2012 ◽  
Vol 503-504 ◽  
pp. 625-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Hua Yuan ◽  
Gui Bao Guo ◽  
Sheng Li An
Keyword(s):  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) modified by SiO2/poly 2-acrylamido 2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (PAMPS) electrolyte membrane (SiO2/PVA-PAMPS ) was prepared by a Sol-gel synthesis in situ technique for DMFC. The influence of the different ratio of AMPS and SiCl4 on the proton conductivity and methanol permeability of these membranes was studied using an impedance analyzer and a gas chromatograph. The results showed that with increasing of the content of silicon dioxide, the SiO2 was homogeneously distributed in the membrane. As the AMPS content increased, the proton conductivity of the SiO2/PVA-PAMPS membranes also increased. The swelling degree of the SiO2/PVA-PAMPS membrane with 30wt% SiCl4 and 20wt% AMPS was 28.79% at 25°C. The membranes possess a methanol permeability of around 10-7 cm2•S-1, which is about one order of magnitude lower than that of Nafion115. These membranes have high selectivity and are promising for use in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC).

scholarly journals Fuel Cells: A Real Option for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Propulsion

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Óscar González-Espasandín ◽  
Teresa J. Leo ◽  
Emilio Navarro-Arévalo
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Real Option ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
Exchange Membrane

The possibility of implementing fuel cell technology in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) propulsion systems is considered. Potential advantages of the Proton Exchange Membrane or Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEMFC) and Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC), their fuels (hydrogen and methanol), and their storage systems are revised from technical and environmental standpoints. Some operating commercial applications are described. Main constraints for these kinds of fuel cells are analyzed in order to elucidate the viability of future developments. Since the low power density is the main problem of fuel cells, hybridization with electric batteries, necessary in most cases, is also explored.

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