A study on the characterization of FEP-g-PVBSA membranes as polymer electrolytes for direct methanol fuel cells

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (7) ◽  
pp. 555-560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geng Fei ◽  
Mi-Lim Hwang ◽  
Junhwa Shin
Keyword(s):  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Radiation Induced

Poly(vinylbenzyl sulfonic acid)-grafted poly(tetrafluoroethylene-co-hexafluoropropylene) (FEP- g-PVBSA) electrolyte membrane was prepared by radiation-induced grafting of vinylbenzyl chloride onto FEP film with subsequent sulfonation processes. An energy dispersive X-ray analysis was used to observe the cross-sectional distribution behaviors of the hydrophilic sulfonic acid groups and hydrophobic fluorine groups. The characteristics of an ion-exchange capacity (IEC), water and methanol uptake, methanol permeability, and proton conductivity as a function of the degree of grafting were studied. The IECs and water uptakes of membranes with different degrees of grafting (36 to 102%) were measured in the range of 0.8 to 1.62 meq g−1 and 10 to 30%, respectively. The proton conductivity was higher than that of a Nafion 212 membrane (6.1 E−02 S cm−1), when the degree of grafting reached 60%. The methanol permeability and uptake of the FEP- g-PVBSA membrane was significantly lower than that of the Nafion 212 membrane, and even the degree of grafting reached 102%.

Preliminary Study of ABS/Chitosan Blend Polymer for DMFC Membranes

2019 ◽  
Vol 961 ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Nur Hidayati ◽  
Muhammad Mujiburohman ◽  
Hamid Abdillah ◽  
Herry Purnama ◽  
Arnaldi Dwilaksita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Blend Polymer

The low cost of ABS polymer and natural polymer chitosan offer attractive chemical and physical properties for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC). In this contribution, investigation of blend membrane made of ABS and chitosan, and their characterization for water uptake, swelling degree and ion exchange capacity (IEC) and methanol crossover are reported. This membrane was also assessed for its intermolecular interactions and thermal stability using FTIR and TGA compared to the pristine membrane. The water absorption and IEC values were affected by membrane network structure. The polymer blend had better thermal stability and a reduction of methanol permeability, this indicated the viability of utilization these materials as polymer electrolyte membrane in DMFC

The Influence on Proton Conductivity and Methanol Permeability of SiO2/PVA-PAMPS Composite Membrane

2012 ◽  
Vol 503-504 ◽  
pp. 625-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Hua Yuan ◽  
Gui Bao Guo ◽  
Sheng Li An
Keyword(s):  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
High Selectivity ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Sol Gel Synthesis

Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA) modified by SiO2/poly 2-acrylamido 2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (PAMPS) electrolyte membrane (SiO2/PVA-PAMPS ) was prepared by a Sol-gel synthesis in situ technique for DMFC. The influence of the different ratio of AMPS and SiCl4 on the proton conductivity and methanol permeability of these membranes was studied using an impedance analyzer and a gas chromatograph. The results showed that with increasing of the content of silicon dioxide, the SiO2 was homogeneously distributed in the membrane. As the AMPS content increased, the proton conductivity of the SiO2/PVA-PAMPS membranes also increased. The swelling degree of the SiO2/PVA-PAMPS membrane with 30wt% SiCl4 and 20wt% AMPS was 28.79% at 25°C. The membranes possess a methanol permeability of around 10-7 cm2•S-1, which is about one order of magnitude lower than that of Nafion115. These membranes have high selectivity and are promising for use in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC).

Highly selective sulfonated Poly (arylene ether nitrile) composite membranes containing copper phthalocyanine grafted graphene oxide for direct methanol fuel cell

2021 ◽  
pp. 095400832110394
Author(s):  
Yan Ma ◽  
Kaixu Ren ◽  
Ziqiu Zeng ◽  
Mengna Feng ◽  
Yumin Huang
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Copper Phthalocyanine ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Arylene Ether ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Sulfonated Poly

To improve the performances of sulfonated poly (arylene ether nitrile) (SPEN)–based proton exchange membranes (PEMs) in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs), the copper phthalocyanine grafted graphene oxide (CP-GO) was successfully prepared via in situ polymerization and subsequently incorporated into SPEN as filler to fabricate a series of SPEN/CP-GO-X (X represents for the mass ratio of CP-GO) composite membranes. The water absorption, swelling ratio, mechanical properties, proton conductivity, and methanol permeability of the membranes were systematically studied. CP-GO possesses good dispersion and compatibility with SPEN matrix, which is propitious to the formation of strong interfacial interactions with the SPEN, so as to provide more efficient transport channels for proton transfer in the composite membranes and significantly improve the proton conductivity of the membranes. Besides, the strong π–π conjugation interactions between CP-GO and SPEN matrix can make the composite membranes more compact, blocking the methanol transfer in the membranes, and significantly reducing the methanol permeability. Consequently, the SPEN/CP-GO-1 composite membrane displayed outstanding tensile strength (58 MPa at 100% RH and 25°C), excellent proton conductivity (0.178 S cm−1 at 60°C), and superior selectivity (5.552 × 105 S·cm−3·s). This study proposed a new method and strategy for the preparation of high performance PEMs.

The preparation of novel sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone sulfone)/TiO2 composite membranes with low methanol permeability for direct methanol fuel cells

2020 ◽  
pp. 095400832095804
Author(s):  
Chengyun Yuan ◽  
Yinghan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Aryl Ether ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Aryl Ether Ketone ◽  
Ether Ketone ◽  
Sulfonic Acid Groups ◽  
Sulfonated Poly

A sulfonated poly(aryl ether ketone sulfone) (SPAEKS) with locally dense sulfonic acid groups is synthesized and different amounts of TiO2 is doped into SPAEKS matrix to prepare composite membranes (SPAEKS/TiO2-x). SEM shows that TiO2 in the composite membranes has good dispersibility when TiO2 content is not higher than 3%. The composite membranes show good mechanical properties, dimensional stability and oxidative stability. The proton conductivity of composite membranes is near to that of Nafion 117 membrane and methanol permeability of composite membranes is much lower than that of Nafion 117 membrane. Therefore, the proton selectivity of composite membranes is higher than that of Nafion 117 membrane. In particular, proton selectivity of SPAEKS/TiO2-3% (12.8 × 104 S s cm−3) is four times higher than that of Nafion 117 membrane (3.2 × 104 S s cm−3).

Hybrid polymers based on sulfonated polynorbornene with enhanced proton conductivity for direct methanol fuel cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 756-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Zeng ◽  
Shuqin Xiao ◽  
Lie Chen ◽  
Yiwang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Relative Humidity Condition ◽  
Conduction Pathway ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

Sulfonated polynorbornene (SPNB) and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH550) hybrid cross-linked proton exchange membranes doped with different weight ratio of phosphotungstic acid (PWA) were prepared by a simple sol-gel process. The cross-linked structures led to low methanol permeability and good stability of the nanocomposites. Incorporation of PWA has significantly improved the proton conductivity of the hybrid membrane due to an extra provided conductive proton-conduction pathway to facilitate proton transportation. In particular, the conductivity of SPNB/KH550/PWA25 reached the maximum of 0.02 S.cm−1 at 80°C under the 100% relative humidity condition, and this value is on the same order of magnitude as that of Nafion117. Furthermore, SPNB /KH550/PWA20 owns the lowest proton transport activation energy (8.39 kJ.mol−1).

scholarly journals Promising Potential of Eugenol (Clove) Based Organic Membrane for Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell

2021 ◽  
Vol 2117 (1) ◽  
pp. 012037
Author(s):  
E C Muliawati ◽  
A Budianto ◽  
A Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte ◽  
Polymer Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Proton Conductor ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Ion Exchange Capacity ◽  
Electrolyte Membrane ◽  
Solvent Absorption

Abstract Fuel cell is one of alternative method to replace fossil fuel energy. The important component of fuel cell is a membrane that used for separating cathode and anode also as a proton conductor. The purpose of this research is to produce polymer electrolyte membrane from poly (eugenol sulfonate) (PES) as polymer matrix, characterize the resulting membrane analysis using ionic properties analysis by calculating ionic conductivity using impedance spectroscopy, ion exchange capacity (IEC), solvent absorption analysis by calculating water uptake and methanol permeability, and studying mechanism Proton transport that occurs on the membrane. This research was initiated by making polymer of PES, and then fabrication and characterization of electrolytic polymer membrane. The formed membrane has an optimal proton conductivity of 0.00095 S.cm-1 with PES composition of 22% (wt).

Synthesis and Characterization of Nafion-ZrOH-CaO Hybrid Membrane for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vahid Mazinani ◽  
SeyedHadi Tabaian ◽  
Milad Rezaei ◽  
Mahdiyeh Mallahi ◽  
Mohsen Mohammadijoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Proton Exchange Membrane ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Proton Exchange ◽  
Methanol Crossover ◽  
Exchange Method ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Nafion-CaO, Nafion-ZrOH, and Nafion-CaO-ZrOH membranes are fabricated in order to improve proton conductivity, thermal stability, and mechanical properties as well as decrease methanol crossover in direct methanol fuel cells. The ion exchange method is utilized to incorporate Ca and Zr into Nafion membranes. Prepared membranes are characterized by using absorption transmission reflectance (ATR) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. Methanol crossover decreases significantly for all fabricated membranes. Nafion-CaO and Nafion-CaO-ZrOH membranes exhibit a 10 and 6 time increase in proton conductivity compared to Nafion (0.08 Scm–1), while the proton conductivity of Nafion-ZrOH decreases. The elastic modulus enhance from 48 MPa for Nafion to 60, 78, and 90 MPa for Nafion-CaO, Nafion-ZrOH, and Nafion-CaO-ZrOH membranes. In addition, the thermal stability of Nafion (360 °C) increases to 407, 457, and 470 °C for fabricated membranes.

scholarly journals Carbon Nanocomposite Membrane Electrolytes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells—A Concise Review

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gutru Rambabu ◽  
Santoshkumar D. Bhat ◽  
Filipe M. L. Figueiredo
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterial ◽  
Electrolyte Membranes ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Carbon Nanocomposite

A membrane electrolyte that restricts the methanol cross-over while retaining proton conductivity is essential for better electrochemical selectivity in direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). Extensive research carried out to explore numerous blends and composites for application as polymer electrolyte membranes (PEMs) revealed promising electrochemical selectivity in DMFCs of carbon nanomaterial-based polymer composites. The present review covers important literature on different carbon nanomaterial-based PEMs reported during the last decade. The review emphasises the proton conductivity and methanol permeability of nanocomposite membranes with carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide and fullerene as additives, assessing critically the impact of each type of filler on those properties.

Suppression of methanol cross-over in novel composite membranes for direct methanol fuel cells

2009 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
pp. 2309-2316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Fang ◽  
Ruiying Miao ◽  
Tongtao Wang ◽  
Xindong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Proton Conductor ◽  
Composite Membranes ◽  
Methanol Permeability ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
Methanol Fuel Cells

A series of novel composite membranes was prepared by using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) with polyimide (PI) as base material and 8-trimethoxysilylpropyl glycerine ether-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulfonic acid (TSGEPS) as proton conductor for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). The parameters of membranes, including water sorption, hydrolysis stability, dimensional stability, proton conductivity, and methanol permeability were studied. The proton conductivity of the membranes is in the order of 10–2 S/cm, and the membranes show better resistance to methanol permeability (1.51 × 10–7 cm2 s–1) and better selectivity (20.6 × 104 S cm–3 s) than those of Nafion115 under the same measurement conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Graphene Oxide on the Characteristics of sPEEK-Chitosan Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Herry Purnama ◽  
Indra Viki Hartoko ◽  
Muhammad Mujiburohman ◽  
Nur Hidayati
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Thermal Resistance ◽  
Proton Conductivity ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Chitosan Membrane ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Direct Methanol ◽  
High Thermal Resistance ◽  
And Performance

Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) can operate at low temperatures, but efficiency and performance are greatly influenced by the material. On the other hand, sulfonated ketone polyether ethers (sPEEK) which have high thermal resistance, ductile, chemical resistance and high mechanical properties, can be combined with chitosan which has good proton conductivity properties. The sPEEK-Chitosan membrane is known to have good mechanical and thermal resistance, but its conductivity is low. The addition of graphene oxide as a filler material can increase the proton conductivity due to its properties. This research was conducted with a completely randomized design of 1 factor to investigate the characteristics of the sPEEK-Chitosan composite membrane as the dependent variable and the addition of graphene oxide solution to the variables 0, 1, 3, 6, and 9% w/w as independent variables. The test results show that the water uptake is in the range of 8.82-33.34%, the swelling degree is in the range of 5.55-20.75%, and the ion exchange capacity is 0.1875-0.2714 meq/g. With this good character, the sPEEK-chitosan membrane with the addition of graphene oxide is a promising candidate for DMFC applications.

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