Long-Term Monitoring and Research in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 16-21
Author(s):  
Laurence P. Madin
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
Polymetallic Nodules ◽  
Continuous Presence ◽  
Offshore Oil Industry ◽  
Offshore Oil ◽  
Term Monitoring

Abstract The widely recognized need for large-scale transition from fossil to renewable energy sources has led to renewed effort to obtain metals needed for battery-based electric transportation and other functions. A potential source of some of these metals is the deposits of polymetallic nodules on the deep seafloor. If mining of these deposits proceeds in the coming decade, the enterprise creates an opportunity for extensive, long-term oceanographic research in the mining locations. The need to monitor environmental effects of mining activity can best be met with a near-continuous presence of a research platform in the vicinity. The platform could be a ship or potentially a semi-submersible platform like those used in the offshore oil industry. Such a facility might be supported by a consortium of mining companies and also provide opportunities for academic research in ocean and climate science.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION BY WASTEWATER FROM BROWN COAL PROCESSING ¬ A REMEDIATION CASE STUDY IN GERMANY

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arndt Wiessner ◽  
Jochen A. Müller ◽  
Peter Kuschk ◽  
Uwe Kappelmeyer ◽  
Matthias Kästner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Wastewater Disposal ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approaches ◽  
Phenolic Wastewater ◽  
Term Monitoring

The large scale of the contamination by the former carbo-chemical industry in Germany requires new and often interdisciplinary approaches for performing an economically sustainable remediation. For example, a highly toxic and dark-colored phenolic wastewater from a lignite pyrolysis factory was filled into a former open-cast pit, forming a large wastewater disposal pond. This caused an extensive environmental pollution, calling for an ecologically and economically acceptable strategy for remediation. Laboratory-scale investigations and pilot-scale tests were carried out. The result was the development of a strategy for an implementation of full-scale enhanced in situ natural attenuation on the basis of separate habitats in a meromictic pond. Long-term monitoring of the chemical and biological dynamics of the pond demonstrates the metamorphosis of a former highly polluted industrial waste deposition into a nature-integrated ecosystem with reduced danger for the environment, and confirmed the strategy for the chosen remediation management.

Monitoring the effect of habitat loss on life-cycle aspects of the Masked Owl Tyto novaehollandiae in a semi-urban landscape

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-574
Author(s):  
Chris N. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Site Fidelity ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Urban Expansion ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Breeding Activity ◽  
Breeding Territory ◽  
Term Monitoring

Long-term monitoring of the Masked Owl Tyto novaehollandiae in a semi-urban landscape before, during and after large-scale habitat removal identified a positive response in breeding activity in the short-term and a change in prey selectivity. Over the longer term, the loss in habitat had a negative impact on site fidelity. A pair of Masked Owls exhibited high fidelity to a particular breeding territory before and during the removal of large areas of habitat within this territory. Breeding success occurred over two consecutive seasons during the removal of known habitat and other disturbance events at which time the pair and their offspring were observed to exploit disturbed habitat and newly created forest edges in search of prey. Breeding activity was supported by an increased dietary focus on introduced rodents and other mammals displaced during habitat clearing. Fidelity to the breeding territory became more irregular post-disturbance and after two years the territory appeared to be abandoned. This response may suggest that the cumulative loss of habitat for established pairs as a result of urban expansion is likely to adversely affect reproductive success and site fidelity in the longer term.

Large-scale, long-term monitoring of Caribbean coral reefs: Simple, quick, inexpensive techniques

1994 ◽  
Vol 421 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Aronson ◽  
P. J. Edmunds ◽  
W. F. Precht ◽  
D. W. Swanson ◽  
D. R. Levitan
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Caribbean Coral ◽  
Caribbean Coral Reefs ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
Term Monitoring

scholarly journals Regional Pliocene exhumation of the Lesser Himalaya in the Indus drainage

Solid Earth ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 647-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. Clift ◽  
Peng Zhou ◽  
Daniel F. Stockli ◽  
Jerzy Blusztajn
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Foreland Basin ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
Initial Increase ◽  
Lesser Himalaya ◽  
Nd Isotope ◽  
Karakoram Fault ◽  
Continuous Presence ◽  
International Ocean Discovery Program

Abstract. New bulk sediment Sr and Nd isotope data, coupled with U–Pb dating of detrital zircon grains from sediment cored by the International Ocean Discovery Program in the Arabian Sea, allow the reconstruction of erosion in the Indus catchment since ∼17 Ma. Increasing εNd values from 17 to 9.5 Ma imply relatively more erosion from the Karakoram and Kohistan, likely linked to slip on the Karakoram Fault and compression in the southern and eastern Karakoram. After a period of relative stability from 9.5 to 5.7 Ma, there is a long-term decrease in εNd values that corresponds with increasing relative abundance of >300 Ma zircon grains that are most common in Himalayan bedrocks. The continuous presence of abundant Himalayan zircons precludes large-scale drainage capture as the cause of decreasing εNd values in the submarine fan. Although the initial increase in Lesser Himalaya-derived 1500–2300 Ma zircons after 8.3 Ma is consistent with earlier records from the foreland basin, the much greater rise after 1.9 Ma has not previously been recognized and suggests that widespread unroofing of the Crystalline Lesser Himalaya and to a lesser extent Nanga Parbat did not occur until after 1.9 Ma. Because regional erosion increased in the Pleistocene compared to the Pliocene, the relative increase in erosion from the Lesser Himalaya does not reflect slowing erosion in the Karakoram and Greater Himalaya. No simple links can be made between erosion and the development of the South Asian Monsoon, implying a largely tectonic control on Lesser Himalayan unroofing.

scholarly journals Simple modelling for a large-scale assessment of total phosphorus retention in the floodplains of large rivers

Wetlands ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Schulz-Zunkel ◽  
Martina Baborowski ◽  
Thomas Ehlert ◽  
Hans D. Kasperidus ◽  
Frank Krüger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Ecosystem Functions ◽  
Hydrological Connectivity ◽  
Main Process ◽  
River Rhine ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Large Scale Assessment ◽  
River Elbe ◽  
Term Monitoring

AbstractFloodplains provide a multitude of ecosystem functions and services with water purification being one of them. For this study we modelled the retention of total phosphorous (TP) in the floodplains of the river Rhine and the river Elbe, looking at sediment deposition as the main process responsible for removing TP from rivers during inundation events. We applied two different approaches: a proxy-based approach (PBA) and a one-dimensional model based approach (MBA). We used both to calculate the yearly TP retention and compared it with the annual TP load in the rivers. Compared to the transported river load the Elbe floodplains investigated retained approx. 4.9% TP resp. 1.4% (PBA vs. MBA) while in the floodplains of the river Rhine about 1.8% vs. 0.3% TP was retained. We found that the greatest difficulty in quantifying TP retention in floodplains is due to the lack of spatial detail on the hydrological connectivity between rivers and their adjacent floodplains and that a sound validation of the results is absolutely necessary. Long-term monitoring data for floodplains, especially on hydrological connectivity, are of crucial importance in this respect.

scholarly journals The Italian TREETALKER NETWORK (ITT-Net): continuous large scale monitoring of tree functional traits and vulnerabilities to climate change

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Castaldi ◽  
Serena Antonucci ◽  
Shahla Asgharina ◽  
Giovanna Battipaglia ◽  
Luca Belelli Marchesini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Real Time ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Operation Mode ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Term Monitoring

<p>The  <strong>Italian TREETALKER NETWORK (ITT-Net) </strong>aims to respond to one of the grand societal challenges: the impact of climate changes on forests ecosystem services and forest dieback. The comprehension of the link between these phenomena requires to complement the most classical approaches with a new monitoring paradigm based on large scale, single tree, high frequency and long-term monitoring tree physiology, which, at present, is limited by the still elevated costs of multi-sensor devices, their energy demand and maintenance not always suitable for monitoring in remote areas. The ITT-Net network will be a unique and unprecedented worldwide example of real time, large scale, high frequency and long-term monitoring of tree physiological parameters. By spring 2020, as part of a national funded project (PRIN) the network will have set 37 sites from the north-east Alps to Sicily where a new low cost, multisensor technology “the TreeTalker®” equipped to measure tree radial growth, sap flow, transmitted light spectral components related to foliage dieback and physiology and plant stability (developed by Nature 4.0), will monitor over 600 individual trees. A radio LoRa protocol for data transmission and access to cloud services will allow to transmit in real time high frequency data on the WEB cloud with a unique IoT identifier to a common database where big data analysis will be performed to explore the causal dependency of climate events and environmental disturbances with tree functionality and resilience.</p><p>With this new network, we aim to create a new knowledge, introducing a massive data observation and analysis, about the frequency, intensity and dynamical patterns of climate anomalies perturbation on plant physiological response dynamics in order to: 1) characterize the space of “normal or safe tree operation mode” during average climatic conditions; 2) identify the non-linear tree responses beyond the safe operation mode, induced by extreme events, and the tipping points; 3) test the possibility to use a high frequency continuous monitoring system to identify early warning signals of tree stress which might allow to follow tree dynamics under climate change in real time at a resolution and accuracy that cannot always be provided through forest inventories or remote sensing technologies.</p><p>To have an overview of the ITT Network you can visit www.globaltreetalker.org</p><p> </p>

scholarly journals Researching the Researchers: The Impact of Menstrual Stigma on the Study of Menstruation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Owen
Keyword(s):  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Online Video ◽  
Menstrual History ◽  
Perceived Impact ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

Menstruation has been historically stigmatised through a variety of strategies cross-culturally, including silencing and marginalisation. Such stigmatisation has affected the inclusion of menstruation as a topic of research across disciplines, reproducing stigma through a lack of research and new knowledge. I set out to discover more about the perceived nature and impact of such stigmatisation on the professional experience of menstrual researchers. The research cohort was a group of nine scholars from humanities and social science disciplines, living and working in the UK, USA and Russia, who came together in 2020 for a two year project to research menstrual history, activism, politics, education and culture in order to better understand the Scottish context of legislation to 'end period poverty'. I was also a member of this group and this paper is structured through an autoethnographic enquiry. My qualitative research was interview-based using online video meetings. My data shows that the perceived impact of menstrual stigma on academic research has altered, with older researchers experiencing more barriers in the early stages of their careers than younger ones do now. However, menstrual researchers still experience challenges they consider to be stigma-related in publishing menstrual research, in obtaining permanent positions centred on their specialisation, and in attracting long-term and large-scale funding. This research shows how entrenched stigma can lead to a feedback loop of victimisation that is difficult to escape from, and suggests that academics working on stigmatised topics may need specific types of institutional support in order to progress, publish and flourish.

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