SCOLYTID FLIGHT IN WHITE SPRUCE STANDS IN ALASKA

AbstractWithin white spruce stands near Fairbanks, Alaska, and on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, Dendroctonus rufipennis, Ips spp., and Trypodendron lineatum disperse in late May and early June; other scolytids fly during June and July. Flight in interior Alaska precedes by about 2 weeks that on the Kenai Peninsula. Mean daily temperatures during spring and early summer are generally warmer in the interior than in coastal areas. There was a large increase in the total number of beetles in a thinned area, mostly of Dryocoetes affaber.

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SCOLYTIDAE ASSOCIATED WITH FELLED WHITE SPRUCE IN ALASKA

The Canadian Entomologist ◽

10.4039/ent116465-3 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 116 (3) ◽

pp. 465-471 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Richard A. Werner ◽

Edward H. Holsten

Keyword(s):

Species Diversity ◽

White Spruce ◽

Trypodendron Lineatum ◽

Brooks Range ◽

Kenai Peninsula ◽

Dryocoetes Affaber ◽

Baited Traps ◽

Ips Perturbatus

AbstractPheromone baited traps and trap trees attracted an aggregate of 29 scolytid species associated with white spruce in three localities in Alaska. Species diversity was higher in the Fairbanks (lat. 64°45′) area than in the Brooks Range (lat. 68°15′) or Kenai Peninsula (lat. 60°37′). Scolytids were found inhabiting all bark-producing areas of the tree from the roots to small branches with the highest density in the tree bole. The most abundant scolytids were Ips perturbatus (Eichhoff), Ips tridens tridens (Mannerheim), Polygraphus rufipennis (Kirby), Dryocoetes affaber (Mannerheim), Trypodendron lineatum (Olivier), and Scolytus piceae (Swaine).

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Regenerating white spruce, paper birch, and willow in south-central Alaska

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x99-030 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 29 (7) ◽

pp. 993-1001 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

E C Cole ◽

M Newton ◽

A Youngblood

Keyword(s):

Picea Glauca ◽

Volume Growth ◽

White Spruce ◽

Site Preparation ◽

Stem Volume ◽

Dendroctonus Rufipennis ◽

Relative Growth Rates ◽

South Central ◽

Interior Alaska ◽

Paper Birch

The current spruce bark beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis Kirby) epidemic in interior Alaska is leaving large expanses of dead spruce with little spruce regeneration. Many of these areas are habitat for moose (Alces alces). To establish spruce regeneration and improve browse production for moose, paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh), willow (Salix spp.), and three stocktypes (plug+1 bareroot, and 1+0 plugs from two nurseries) of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) were planted in freshly cutover areas on Fort Richardson, near Anchorage. Four vegetation-management treatments were compared: broadcast site preparation with herbicides, banded site preparation with herbicides, mechanical scarification, and untreated control. Spruce seedlings had the greatest growth in the broadcast site preparation treatment (p < 0.01). Stocktype was the most important factor in spruce growth, with bareroot transplant seedlings being the tallest and largest 5 years after planting (p < 0.001). In the first 3 years, relative stem volume growth was greater for plug seedlings than for bareroot seedlings (p < 0.001). By year 4, relative growth rates were similar among all stocktypes. Treatment effects for paper birch and willow were confounded by moose browsing. Results indicate spruce can be regenerated and moose browse enhanced simultaneously in forests in interior Alaska.

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Infestationincidence and mortality in white spruce stands by Dendroctonus rufipennis Kirby (Coleoptera, Scolytidae) in central British Columbia1

Zeitschrift für Angewandte Entomologie ◽

10.1111/j.1439-0418.1985.tb01965.x ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 99 (1-5) ◽

pp. 86-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L. Safranyik

Keyword(s):

White Spruce ◽

Dendroctonus Rufipennis ◽

Spruce Stands

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Mortality of white spruce during a spruce beetle outbreak on the Kenai Peninsula in Alaska

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x83-014 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 96-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Richard A. Werner ◽

Edward H. Holsten

Keyword(s):

White Spruce ◽

Permanent Plots ◽

Kenai Peninsula ◽

South Central ◽

Creek Watershed ◽

Spruce Beetle ◽

Spruce Stands ◽

Long Term Impact ◽

The Impact

White spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss) stands in the Resurrection Creek watershed in south-central Alaska were infested by spruce bettles, Dendroctonusrufipennis Kirby, between 1974 and 1975. Thirty permanent plots were established within the infested area in 1976 to evaluate the immediate and long-term impact on white spruce stands. Plots were revisited annually for 5 years. Between 1976 and 1980, 29% of all white spruce was killed by spruce beetles. This loss accounted for 59% of the commercial white spruce volume in the watershed. Mortality was greatest in the larger diameter classes during the early part of the infestation, but smaller diameter trees were subsequently attacked as the number of noninfested trees declined. The impact of spruce beetles on structure and species composition of white spruce stands is given along with a discussion of management implications.

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Cold-hardiness of adult and larval spruce beetles Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby) in interior Alaska

Canadian Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1139/z87-444 ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 65 (12) ◽

pp. 2927-2930 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

L. Keith Miller ◽

Richard A. Werner

Keyword(s):

Picea Glauca ◽

Cold Hardiness ◽

Insect Pest ◽

White Spruce ◽

Dendroctonus Rufipennis ◽

Interior Alaska

Dendroctonus rufipennis, a serious insect pest causing periodic widespread damage to mature white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) stands in Alaska, was studied to determine if either larvae or adults were freezing-tolerant. Mean supercooling points in both larvae and adults dropped from −12 °C in summer to about −31 °C in winter. The decrease in supercooling points in larvae was closely associated with synthesis of glycerol, but the decline in adult supercooling points partially preceded the synthesis of glycerol in the fall. Winter glycerol levels reached 3 molal. Neither larvae nor adults were freezing-tolerant at any time of the year. Measurement of temperatures beneath the bark of standing spruce showed that only beetles hibernating below the snowline would be expected to survive a typical winter.

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Biomass and productivity of white spruce stands in interior Alaska

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x83-106 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 13 (5) ◽

pp. 767-772 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

J. Yarie ◽

K. Van Cleve

Keyword(s):

Aboveground Biomass ◽

White Spruce ◽

Annual Production ◽

Regression Equations ◽

Large Area ◽

Standing Biomass ◽

Interior Alaska ◽

Spruce Stands ◽

Mature Stands

A total of 58 trees was sampled from eight stands across a large area of interior Alaska. Regression equations were developed to estimate standing aboveground biomass for 22 white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss) stands. Aboveground standing biomass of white spruce in mature stands ranged from 0.92 to 23.28 kg/m2 and current annual production ranged from 89 to 2853 g•m−2•year−1.

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Response of the engraver beetle, Ipsperturbatus, to semiochemicals in white spruce stands of interior Alaska.

10.2737/pnw-rp-465 ◽

1993 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Richard A. Werner

Keyword(s):

White Spruce ◽

Interior Alaska ◽

Spruce Stands

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Bark beetles and fungal associates colonizing white spruce in the Great Lakes region

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x02-033 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 32 (7) ◽

pp. 1137-1150 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Kirsten E Haberkern ◽

Barbara L Illman ◽

Kenneth F Raffa

Keyword(s):

Great Lakes ◽

Picea Glauca ◽

Bark Beetles ◽

White Spruce ◽

Fungal Species ◽

Great Lakes Region ◽

Dendroctonus Rufipennis ◽

Dryocoetes Affaber ◽

Fungal Associations ◽

Emerging Insects

We examined the major bark beetles and associated fungi colonizing subcortical tissues of white spruce (Picea glauca (Moench) Voss) in the Great Lakes region. Trees were felled at one northwestern Wisconsin site in a preliminary study in 1997 and at 10 sites throughout northern Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Michigan in 1998. Fungal isolations were made from beetles colonizing felled trees, beetles that emerged from felled trees, tissue of colonized trees, and tissue of uncolonized trees. Dryocoetes affaber (Mannerheim) and Polygraphus rufipennis (Kirby) accounted for over 90% of the insects that emerged from logs. Time of colonization had a significant effect on abundance and composition of emerging insects. New records include Dendroctonus rufipennis (Kirby) in Wisconsin and two Michigan counties and Crypturgus borealis (Swaine) in Wisconsin and Minnesota and one Michigan county. Five fungal species from two genera were isolated both from beetles and colonized tree tissue. None were isolated from uncolonized trees. Ten new beetlefungal associations were identified. The association of specific fungi with specific bark beetles, both as they colonize and emerge from hosts and the isolation of these fungi from subcortical tissues of colonized but not uncolonized trees, is consistent with vector relationships. We compare our results with bark beetle fungal associations reported elsewhere in spruce and suggest possible mechanisms constraining population growth by Dendroctonus rufipennis in the Great Lakes region.

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