SYSTEMATICS OF THE TRICHADENOTECNUM ALEXANDERAE SPECIES COMPLEX (PSOCOPTERA: PSOCIDAE) BASED ON AN INVESTIGATION OF MODES OF REPRODUCTION AND MORPHOLOGY

1983 ◽  
Vol 115 (10) ◽  
pp. 1329-1354 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. W. Betz
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
North America ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Facultative Parthenogenesis

AbstractTrichadenotecnum alexanderae Sommerman is shown to represent one biparental (= euphrasic) species capable of facultative parthenogenesis (thelytoky) and three uniparental (= obligatorily parthenogenetic) sibling species, as determined by tests for mating, life history observations, and morphological analysis of specimens over the geographic range of the species complex. The name T. alexanderae is restricted to the biparental species because the holotype is a male. The three uniparental species are here named and described as T. castum n. sp., T. merum n. sp., and T. innuptum n. sp. The female of T. alexanderae is redescribed to allow its separation from the three uniparental species. A key to females of the species complex is supplied. All three uniparental species were derived from the biparental ancestor of T. alexanderae. Most collections of populations represented only by females consist of one or more uniparental species. Facultative parthenogenesis is shown to maintain a population of T. alexanderae through one generation only. The biparental species is found not to be restricted geographically to a relictual or peripheral range within the species complex, but to occupy a rather wide, north-temperate distribution across eastern North America.

Notes on the Life-history and Habits of the Brown Mite, Bryobia arborea Morgan & Anderson (Acarina: Tetranychidae), on Peach in Ontario

1960 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 775-779 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. C. Herne ◽  
Wm. L. Putman
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Extensive Study ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
A New Species

The ‘clover’ mite, Bryobia praetiosa Koch, has long been known to be a complex of closely related species or biological races differing greatly in host range, life-history, and habits. Morgan and Anderson (1957) reviewed the problem and described the form occurring on fruit trees in British Columbia as a new species, B. arborea, to be known as the brown mite, and these authors (Anderson and Morgan, 1958) also published a detailed study of the life-histories and habits of this species and of the true clover mite, B. praetiosa. Although the presence of Bryobia mites on fruit trees in Eastern North America, including Ontario, has long been recognized, they have seldom received more than casual mention and no extensive study of their biology in this area appears to have been undertaken. The species has little economic importance in Ontario (Putman and Herne, 1959).

Advertisement call variation in the Leptodactylus mystaceus species complex (Amphibia: Leptodactylidae) with a description of a new sibling species

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. García-Lopez ◽  
W. Ronald Heyer ◽  
Adao J. Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Advertisement Call ◽  
Variation Analysis ◽  
Advertisement Calls ◽  
As Species

AbstractWhereas morphological analysis of populations recognized as Leptodactylus mystaceus indicates there is one species with modest geographic variation, analysis of advertisement calls indicates there are at least two or perhaps three species involved. The differences found in advertisement calls are sufficient to act as species isolating barriers to recognize at least two species, which action is taken. A consequent result is the description of a new sibling species. The significance of sibling species in the genus Leptodacytylus is discussed briefly.

A NEW EASTERN NEARCTIC CHRYSOPS (DIPTERA: TABANIDAE)

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 645-650 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Pechuman ◽  
H. J. Teskey
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Eastern North America

AbstractChrysops calvus is described as new from eastern North America. It and C. niger Macquart are considered sibling species. A lectotype of C. niger is designated in the collection of the Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris.

Parasites of the Frit-fly, Oscinella frit (L.), in eastern North America

1952 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. J. Simmonds
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
North America ◽  
Life Histories ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
History Of ◽  
Major Pest

An account is given of an investigation made of the life-histories of Oscinella frit and its parasites in Ontario, Canada, with a view to the possible introduction of suitable parasites into England. The various Chloropid species associated with O. frit in North America are discussed.The life-history of the frit-fly in Ontario is similar to that in England except wheat, not oats, is attacked, and that there appears to be no regular grain-infesting generation, but the insect is never a major pest in Canada.The life-histories of the following six species of parasites are described : Hexacola sp. n., Polyscelis sp. n., Loxotropa sp., Cyrtogaster sp., Callitula bicolor and Spalangia drosophilae. Other hosts from which these parasites have been reared include Chloropids associated with O. frit in wheat, namely O. carbonaria, O. soror, O. minor and Meromyza americana.A brief account is given of the control exerted by these parasites on the population of frit-fly in Ontario and a comparison is made between the Canadian and English parasite complexes. From this it is concluded that S. drosophilae might exert some control of frit-fly if introduced into England.

A NEW SPECIES OF AMPELISCA (CRUSTACEA: AMPHIPODA) FROM EASTERN NORTH AMERICA, WITH NOTES ON OTHER SPECIES OF THE GENUS

1963 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 971-989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric L. Mills
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North America ◽  
Sibling Species ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Cape Hatteras ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
A New Species

Ampelisca vadorum is described from eastern North American coastal waters. It has been confused since 1903 with the European Ampelsca spinipes Boeck, but differs considerably in morphology and ecology. A. spinipes is redescribed and figured. A deep-water record of A. spinipes from Cabot Strait refers to A. spinimana Chevreux. "Intersexes" in A. vadorum are really subadult males. Two generations per year occur north of Cape Hatteras. A small undescribed sibling species occurs in the same areas. Ten other western Atlantic Ampelisca species are discussed briefly, and a key is given to all species of the area.

scholarly journals The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 153. Stachys palustris L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (4) ◽  
pp. 709-722
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Darbyshire ◽  
Ardath Francis ◽  
Gerald A. Mulligan ◽  
Gavin L. Graham
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Prince Edward Island ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
Wetland Plant ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Arable Fields

Darbyshire, S. J., Francis, A., Mulligan, G. A. and Graham, G. 2014. The Biology of Canadian Weeds. 153. Stachys palustris L. Can. J. Plant Sci. 94: 709–722. Marsh hedge-nettle, Stachys palustris, is a perennial Eurasian member of the mint family, which has become naturalized and weedy in some parts of eastern North America. It is a hexaploid member of a holarctic species complex, which differs morphologically from the primarily tetraploid North American forms. The production of fleshy tuberous rhizomes is the most significant distinctive feature. In Canada, it has been a weed of potato and root crops in Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and Prince Edward Island, although other crops and areas, such as soybean in Ontario, are also affected. Usually considered a wetland plant, it readily spreads into drier arable fields from adjacent ditches and wetlands. Several herbicides available for use in Canada have been found to provide limited long-term suppression in agricultural systems, with the best results obtained using combined pre-emergent and post-emergent applications.

scholarly journals The Biology and Natural History ofAphaenogaster rudis

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lubertazzi
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Hardwood Forests ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Population Means ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Forest Habitats

Workers from the genusAphaenogasterare among the most abundant ants in the hardwood forests of eastern North America. The biology of these so-calledrudis-group ant species, including details about their sociometry, productivity, natural history, and behavior, are synthesized here using published and newly collected data. The latter was collected, in part, using an artificial field nest, and its construction and use are explained. Ants of therudisgroup occur in high densities in forest habitats (0.5–1.3 nests m2), have moderate sized colonies (population means from 266 to 613 workers per nest), and are keystone seed dispersers. Many aspects of their life history and behavior follow an annual cycle that tracks seasonal changes. These include foraging, reproduction, the production of new workers and nest migrations. This synthesis highlights what is known about these ants and reveals gaps in our knowledge that require further study.

Life history studies of woodpeckers of eastern North America

The Auk ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 911-913
Author(s):  
Lester L. Short
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
North America ◽  
Eastern North America

scholarly journals The Omma-Manganji ostracod fauna (Plio-Pleistocene) of Japan and the zoogeography of circumpolar species

1987 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Cronin ◽  
Noriyuki Ikeya
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
British Isles ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
Late Pliocene

Abstract. The Omma-Manganji fauna of Japan signifies a time during the late Pliocene and Pleistocene when arctic-subarctic species migrated far south of their present geographic range in response to oceanographic changes. Omma-Manganji deposits exposed on Hokkaido, northern Honshu, and Sado Islands yielded about 224 species of marine Ostracoda. At least 26 are circumpolar species known previously from Arctic seas off the British Isles, eastern North America, Scandinavia and Europe, comprising between 14 and 47% of the ostracod assemblage in eight of ten formations studied. The 26 circumpolar species and 21 other western Pacific cryophilic species are illustrated and their distribution in Japanese deposits is discussed.

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