Impacts of seasonal kaolin particle films on apple pest management

2001 ◽  
Vol 133 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.L. Knight ◽  
B.A. Christianson ◽  
T.R. Unruh ◽  
G. Puterka ◽  
D.M. Glenn
Keyword(s):  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Percent Parasitism ◽  
San Jose Scale ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Campylomma Verbasci ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Archips Argyrospilus

AbstractThe impact of multiple applications of the kaolin-based particle film M96-018 on the population density of selected pests of apple, Malus domestica (Borkh) (Rosaceae), and their natural enemy populations were measured in several Washington State orchards from 1997 to 1999. Densities of western tentiform leafminer, Phyllonorycter elmaella (Doganlar and Mutuura) (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae), were significantly higher and percent parasitism was generally lower in treated plots than in untreated plots. The effect of M96-018 on green aphids (Aphis spp.) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) was variable between orchards; however, populations of rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea Passerini (Hemiptera: Aphididae), were higher in treated plots than in untreated plots. M96-018 reduced the mean density of the white apple leafhopper, Typhlocyba pomaria (McAtee) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), and the density of spiders (Araneae) compared with untreated plots. Fruit injury by codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), and fruittree leafroller, Archips argyrospilus (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), was significantly reduced in the treated plots compared with the untreated plots. The effect of M96-018 on the mullein bug, Campylomma verbasci (Meyer) (Hemiptera: Miridae), was variable between orchards and years. Stink bug (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) density and related fruit injury were unaffected by M96-018. Fruit infestation by San Jose scale, Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae), was significantly higher in treated plots than in untreated plots. Discontinuing applications of M96-018 at mid-season reduced the number of aphid-infested leaves and increased fruit injury by leafroller compared with a full-season program. No differences in pest densities occurred in plots treated for one versus two consecutive years; however, the density of phytophagous mites (Acari: Tetranychidae) was significantly higher the subsequent year after plots were treated with M96-018. Further studies are needed to elucidate how these disruptive impacts of particle films can be minimized.

scholarly journals Ultrasound Treatments to Control Surface Pests of Fruit

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Western Flower Thrips ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Control Surface ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
San Jose Scale ◽  
Ultrasound Bath

Durations of ultrasound treatments were evaluated for efficacy in removing or destroying external pests of apples (Malus sylvestris var domestica). Egg hatch of codling moth (Cydia pomonella; Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), was inversely related to time of ultrasound exposure, although egg mortality was less than 60% after 45 min of treatment. Mortality of twospotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae; Acari: Tetranychidae), and western flower thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis; Thysanoptera: Thripidae), was directly related to ultrasound durations; adding detergent to the ultrasound bath increased treatment efficacy. Ultrasound did not remove san jose scale (Quadraspidiotus perniciosus; Homoptera: Diaspididae), from the fruit surface. Ultrasound, which can be incorporated in the packing line, shows promise as a postharvest phytosanitation treatment against external pests.

scholarly journals Fumigation of Empty Fruit Bins with Carbon Dioxide to Control Diapausing Codling Moth Larvae and Penicillium expansum Link. ex Thom Spores

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 429-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Cossentine ◽  
P.L. Sholberg ◽  
L.B.J. Jensen ◽  
K.E. Bedford ◽  
T.C. Shephard
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Penicillium Expansum ◽  
Late Instar ◽  
Fumigation Chamber ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fruit Pathogens

Wooden fruit bins are a source of diapausing codling moth and postharvest pathogenic fungi. The redistribution of codling moths within bins is a problem where codling moth populations are being controlled by areawide codling moth sterile release programs, mating disruption programs, or both. Laboratory and fumigation chamber trials were carried out to determine the impact of relatively low levels of carbon dioxide on late-instar codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) and two postharvest fruit pathogens, Penicillium expansum Link ex Thom and Botrytis cinerea Pers. ex Fr. Fumigation of diapausing codling moth with 40% CO2 in laboratory trials resulted in over 60% mortality after only 6 days of exposure and mortality increased with time of exposure. Significant mortality (68%) of diapausing codling moth larvae occurred after 14 days of exposure in the laboratory to 13% CO2 and a mean of 88% mortality was recorded after fumigation for 20 days. A significant number of P. expansum (46%) spores failed to germinate after laboratory exposure to 13% CO2 for 12 and 18 days respectively. Close to 100% of the P. expansum spores failed to germinate by day 20. When diapausing codling moth larvae and spores from both plant pathogens were placed in wooden fruit bins and fumigated for 21 days at 13% CO2, 75% of the diapausing codling moths died and 80% of the P. expansum spores failed to germinate. No effect on B. cinerea was observed.

Effects of Age and Length of Exposure on the Reproduction of Adult Codling Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Exposed to Surfaces Treated with Ecdysone Agonists

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Sun ◽  
Bruce Barrett ◽  
Qisheng Song
Keyword(s):  
Development Time ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Exposure Period ◽  
Adult Offspring ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Parent Generation ◽  
F1 Generation

The effects of age and length of exposure on the fecundity and fertility of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.), exposed as adults to surfaces treated with the ecdysone agonists tebufenozide and methoxyfenozide were examined. In addition, the development and reproduction of offspring (F1 generation) whose parents were exposed to the ecdysone agonists were investigated. The length of exposure, but not moth age, significantly affected mean moth fecundity and fertility. A 6 h exposure period to treated surfaces did not negatively affect mean fecundity and fertility. However, exposure periods of 18 h and 30 h significantly reduced mean fecundity and fertility. Despite the significant negative impacts on the reproduction of the adults (parent generation) exposed to the treated surfaces, the mean development time and fecundity of the adult offspring (F1 generation) were not affected; however, the mean fertility of the adult offspring in the methoxyfenozide treatment was significantly reduced.

Resistance of codling moth,Cydia pomonella(L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), larvae in Michigan to insecticides with different modes of action and the impact on field residual activity

2008 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 881-890 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Mota-Sanchez ◽  
John C Wise ◽  
Ryan Vander Poppen ◽  
Larry J Gut ◽  
Robert M Hollingworth
Keyword(s):  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Modes Of Action ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Monitoring of Codling Moth (Cydia Pomonella L.) in Apple Orchards Using Two Methods

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izabela Kot
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Pheromone Traps ◽  
Apple Orchards ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Two Generations ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Effective Temperatures

Monitoring of Codling Moth (Cydia Pomonella L.) in Apple Orchards Using Two MethodsThe present studies were conducted in 1999-2001 in three apple orchards differing from each other by the system of cultivation, the type of agricultural treatments and chemical control of pests. Their purpose was to monitor codling moth (Cydia pomonellaL.) in different types of apple orchards using pheromone traps, finding out the relation between the occurrence of moths and the sum of effective temperatures as well as determining the number of wintering caterpillars of this species with the use of bands of corrugated paper. The analysis of male flight of codling moth on the basis of pheromone traps makes it possible to state the occurrence of two generations in each studied year. The maximum population of the first generation was observed in the second or third ten days of June, while that of the second generation in the first ten days of August. The moths flight began when the sum of effective temperatures was 109.2-145.2°C, and the mean diurnal temperature was 12.3-17.2°C.

Do floral resources affect fitness of adult Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus 1758) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Silvia Mátray ◽  
Annette Herz
Keyword(s):  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Flowering Plants ◽  
Floral Resources ◽  
Pome Fruit ◽  
Control Adult ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The introduction of flowering plants into orchards can increase functional biodiversity in pome fruit cultivation. Plants provide nectar, pollen and prey resources supporting pollinators and natural enemies. However, pests may also benefit from floral diets and a careful selection of plants is necessary to reduce any risk of pest proliferation. The codling moth Cydia pomonella is a major pest in apple growing worldwide and adults are known to consume sugars. The impact of floral diets (parsnip, wild carrot, coriander, red clover) on longevity, fecundity and fertility of adult codling moth was examined under laboratory conditions. In general, male moths lived longer than females, regardless of dietary treatments. Moths survived longest when supplied with parsnip flowers as a floral diet. Contrary to carrot, coriander resulted in higher longevity of adult C. pomonella compared to moths provided with red clover as a negative control. Adult nutrition on floral diets did not affect fecundity substantially. As expected, the majority of eggs were laid within the first week. Prolongation of moths’ lifespan by floral diets did not significantly increase the total number of eggs laid in contrast to a diet with 25% sucrose solution. According to these results, the risk of inadvertently promoting codling moth when growing selected flowering plants in the orchard will be rather low, because the fitness of the moths and especially the reproduction of the females will not be substantially enhanced.

scholarly journals Efficacy of ethyl formate as a disinfestation treatment for codling moth (Cydia pomonella) in apples

2016 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
L.E. Jamieson ◽  
N.E.M. Page-Weir ◽  
M.J. Griffin ◽  
S.P. Redpath ◽  
A. Chhagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Bromide ◽  
Cydia Pomonella ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
Ethyl Formate ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

Codling moth (CM Cydia pomonella) is a pest of quarantine concern on apple exports to Asian markets Apples exported to Japan must be fumigated with methyl bromide (MB) and then cold stored Ethyl formate (EF) as an alternative to MB is effective against a range of pests This project investigated the effectiveness of EF to control an internal pest such as CM by determining the responses of key insect stages without fruit and inside apples Trials without fruit in a 2 h fumigation showed that latestage CM eggs and third instar CM larvae were the most tolerant life stages requiring a mean concentration of 134194 EF to achieve 99 mortality but 100 mortality of 4th/5th instar CM larvae Trials with CM in fruit in a 2 h fumigation showed that 113 EF resulted in 534 mortality of 4th/5th CM larvae inside apples Increasing the mean concentration to 24 EF increased the mortality of 4th/5th larvae inside apples to 852

CHEMICAL CONTROL OF MALE SAN JOSE SCALE (HOMOPTERA: DIASPIDIDAE) IN APPLES, PEARS, AND PEACHES

1979 ◽  
Vol 111 (7) ◽  
pp. 827-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Rice ◽  
S. C. Hoyt ◽  
P. H. Westigard
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Control ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Codling Moth ◽  
San Jose ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Chemical Treatments ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Quadraspidiotus Perniciosus ◽  
San Jose Scale ◽  
Laspeyresia Pomonella

AbstractChemical treatments to kill male San Jose scale, Quadraspidiotus perniciosus (Comstock), were applied to apples, pears, and peaches in Washington, Oregon, and California respectively. Dilute sprays of diazinon applied just prior to or at first emergence of overwintered males and 7 or 14 days thereafter were compared with normal sprays directed against scale crawlers. In all instances, treatments for male scale gave control equal to that provided by a single spray timed to control first generation crawlers.Although the male sprays were effective, they do not fit well into current pest management programs. Complications with the male sprays included timing that coincided with petal fall on earlier varieties or full bloom on later varieties with potential for kill of pollinators; possible disruption of adult predators stressed by overwintering, and russeting of Golden Delicious apples from immediate post-bloom sprays. In all three crops, post-bloom male sprays would also be an added seasonal treatment. Current practices utilize pre-bloom sprays, or combine scale crawler control with sprays for codling moth, Laspeyresia pomonella (L.), peach twig borer, Anarsia lineateila Zeller, and/or mites in June.

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