Life-History and Natural Control in British Columbia of Ocnerostoma piniariella Zell. (Lepidoptera: Yponomeutidae), a Needle Miner on White Pine

1958 ◽  
Vol 90 (10) ◽  
pp. 627-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Harris

Ocnerostoma piniariella Zell. is an unimportant pest of Scots pine, Pinus sylvestris L., in Europe. A variety, copiosella Frey, is found in the Swiss Alps attacking a white pine, Pinus cembra L., and sometimes occurs in sufficient numbers to reduce growth. Both European forms have a life-history similar to that described here for British Columbia.In North America, specimens identified as O. piniariella were collected in 1882 at Ithaca, New York (Forbes, 1924). The first Canadian record was for 1922 at Abbotsford, British Columbia, from white pine (Felt, 1922). The species has since been found in British Columbia at Vancouver, Victoria, Langley, and Aldergrove. Dr. T. N. Freeman (in litt.), Entomology Division, Ottawa, has collected it at Constance Bay, South March, Ottawa, and Bells Corners, Ontario.

Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Chrysomyxa arctostaphyli Dietel Fungi: Basidiomycota: Uredinales Hosts: Picea spp. and Arctostaphylos uva-ursi. Information is given on the geographical distribution in NORTH AMERICA, Canada, Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Northwest, Territories, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon, USA, Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Maine, Michigan, Montana, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Anoplophora glabripennis (Motschulsky). Coleoptera: Cerambycidae. Hosts: polyphagous on hardwoods. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Europe (Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Corsica, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Switzerland, UK, England and Wales), Asia (China, Anhui, Fujian, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Menggu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Shandong, Shanxi, Sichuan, Xinjiang, Xizhang, Yunnan, Zhejiang, Japan, Honshu, Korea Democratic People's Republic, Korea Republic), North America (Canada, British Columbia, Ontario, USA, California, Illinois, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Washington).


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Arthrinium sphaerospermum, which is most frequently encountered as a saprobe on decaying leaves and stems of plants, but is also known to live as an endophyte, for example in stems of Eucalyptus, and in the phyllosphere, for example of Iris. This fungus has also been reported as the cause of poisoning through contamination of sugarcane and the causal agent of a dermatomycosis in humans. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitat, dispersal and transmission, economic impacts (positive and negative), and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (Canada (British Columbia, New Brunswick, Ontario), Mexico, USA (Georgia, Iowa, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, South Carolina, Texas)), South America (Argentina, Uruguay), Asia (Armenia, China, India (Chhattisgarh, Meghalaya, Uttarakhand), Iran, Pakistan, Russia (Sakhalin Oblast), Uzbekistan), Europe (Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Latvia, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Russia (Leningrad Oblast), Switzerland, Ukraine, UK)).


Author(s):  
J. Ingham

Abstract A description is provided for Ramularia alba. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOST: Lathyrus odoratus, the sweet pea. DISEASE: White blight of sweet pea, also called white mould or Cladosporium blight. Leaf spots vary from yellow flecks to buff coloured dead areas, which may be circular or irregular in shape merging gradually into healthy leaf tissue. Leaf spots may merge together affecting most of the leaf and in such cases defoliation may result (30, 41). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Europe (Denmark, England, Sweden). North America (Canada: British Columbia, Ontario; USA: California, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Texas). TRANSMISSION: By wind dispersal of air-borne conidia.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Tilletia contraversa Kuhn. Hosts: Wheat (Triticum), barley (Hordeum) and other Poaceae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, Algeria, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia, Asia, Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Russia, Azerbaijan, Alma-ata, Armenia, Transcaucasia, Turkmenistan, Kirghizia, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Tadshikistan, Turkmenia, Uzbekistan, Siberia, Stavropol, Moldavia, Crimea, Rostov, Voronezh, Syria, Turkey, Australasia & Oceania, Australia, New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria, Europe, Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Romania, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Yugoslavia, North America, Canada, British Columbia, Ontario, USA, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, New York, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming, NW states, California, Idaho, Indiana, Montana, New York, Oregon, Utah, South America, Argentina, Uruguay.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Pseudococcus comstocki (Kuwana) Hemiptera: Coccoidea, Pseudococcidae (Comstock's mealybug, white peach scale). Attacks apple, pear, mulberry, cherry, peach, litchi, coffee, pomegranate. Information is given on the geographical distribution in USSR, Armenian SSR, Azerbaijan SSR, Georgian SSR, Kirghiz SSR, Moldavian SSR, Russian SSR, Tadzhik SSR, Turkmen SSR, Ukrainian SSR, uzbek SSR, Africa, St. Helena, Asia, Cambodia, China, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, Tibet, North America, Canada, British Columbia, Ontario, USA, California, Connecticut, Delaware, Georgia, Indiana, Louisiana, Maryland, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Rhizina inflata[Rhizina undulata] Fr. Hosts: Coniferae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in Africa, South Africa, Swaziland, Zimbabwe, Asia, Japan, Korea, Europe, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Finland, France, Germany, Irish Republic, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Sweden, Russia, Latvia, Lithuania, UK, England, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, North America, Canada, British Columbia, New Brunswick, Ontario, Saskatchewan, USA, California, Connecticut, Idaho, Maryland, Maine, Minnesota, Montana, New York, Oregon, Vermont, Washington, NW.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Phaeocryptopus gaeumanii (Rohde) Petrak. Hosts: douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii). Information is given on the geographical distribution in Australasia & Oceania, Australia, Victoria, New Zealand, Europe, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Irish Republic, Italy, Netherlands, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, Yugoslavia, North America, Canada, British Columbia, Ontario, USA, Arizona, California, Connecticut, Maine, Massechusetts, New Hampshire, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Washington, Michigan, Wisconsin, Pennsylvania, Minnesota.


Author(s):  

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Endocronartium harknessii (J.P. Moore) Hirats. Fungi: Basidiomycota: Uredinales. Hosts: Pinus spp. Information is given on the geographical distribution in North America (Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Northwest Territories, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon), Mexico, USA (Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Utah, Virginia, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming)).


Author(s):  
D. W. Minter

Abstract A description is provided for Bifusella linearis. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Pinus albicaulis, P. flexilis, P. monticola, P. strobus. DISEASE: Needle blight and needle cast of white pines, tar spot needle cast, Bifusella blight. The disease apparently occurs only under moist conditions, and since its effects are usually limited to defoliation of needles two or three years old, it is not devastating. Probably infects young needles but macrosymptoms do not show up until the following spring when needles become blighted from the tip part-way to the base. The disease tends to occur principally in the lower crown (47, 2867). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: North America (Canada: British Columbia, Ontario, U.S.A. : California, Colorado, Idaho, Maine, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New Hampshire, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Washington, Wisconsin). TRANSMISSION: By air-borne ascospores in wet or humid weather.


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