Testing species limits of Eurytomidae (Hymenoptera) associated with galls induced by Diplolepis (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) in Canada using an integrative approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 146 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Miles Zhang ◽  
Michael W. Gates ◽  
Joseph D. Shorthouse
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Species Limits ◽  
New Synonyms ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

AbstractStudies of insect host-parasitoid relationships are often confounded by the difficulties associated with species delimitation in taxonomically challenging groups. Eurytomidae (Hymenoptera) are common parasitoids associated with galls induced by Cynipidae (Hymenoptera) and are difficult to identify due to their small size, morphological conservatism, and unreliable published host records. This study tests the species limits of eurytomids associated with galls induced by Diplolepis Geoffroy (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) in Canada using an integrative taxonomy approach including adult morphology, the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase I, host records, and geographical range. Incongruences between morphological and molecular data were found within the Eurytoma discordans Bugbee complex, as Eurytoma discordans, Eurytoma acuta Bugbee, and Eurytoma calcarea Bugbee were shown to be new synonyms. The results also revealed the presence of cryptic species within Eurytoma spongiosa Bugbee. Furthermore, issues that have impeded ecological and biological studies of eurytomids associated with rose galls such as host specificity and sex association were resolved using DNA barcodes, providing new insights into the evolutionary history of this difficult group.

scholarly journals Phylogeny of Holarctic gall wasps of the genera Diplolepis and Periclistus (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) based on DNA barcodes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Miles Zhang ◽  
Zoltán László ◽  
Chris Looney ◽  
Avar-Lehel Dénes ◽  
Robert H. Hanner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Host Use ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Gall Wasps ◽  
Taxonomic Changes ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

AbstractRose gall wasps Diplolepis induce structurally distinct galls on wild roses, which provide gallers with food and shelter. These galls are attacked by a wide variety of micro-hymenopterans including another cynipid Periclistus that act as inquilines. Both Diplolepis and Periclistus are difficult to distinguish based on adult morphology, instead the structural appearance of galls is often used to distinguish species. Using the mitochondrial gene COI, we built phylogenies of both Diplolepis and Periclistus, while also estimating the ancestral host use of the inducers. Our phylogeny recovered the monophyly of Diplolepis, which have likely diverged from single-or multi-chambered leaf gallers to other plant organs. Periclistus exhibits a divide between the Palearctic and Nearctic clades, and ranges from specialists to generalists in terms of host specificity. The molecular results have largely supported the validity of species described in the literature, with notable exceptions in four species groups. While it is premature to enact any taxonomic changes without additional molecular markers, this incongruence between morphological and molecular data indicates these groups need taxonomic revision and gall morphology alone may be inadequate to delimit species.

scholarly journals DNA barcodes reveal inconsistent species boundaries in Diplolepis rose gall wasps and their Periclistus inquilines (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae)

2019 ◽  
Vol 151 (6) ◽  
pp. 717-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Miles Zhang ◽  
Zoltán László ◽  
Chris Looney ◽  
Avar-Lehel Dénes ◽  
Robert H. Hanner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Species Boundaries ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Gall Wasps ◽  
Taxonomic Changes ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

AbstractRose gall wasps, Diplolepis Geoffroy (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), induce structurally distinct galls on wild roses (Rosa Linnaeus; Rosaceae), which provide gallers with food and shelter. These galls are attacked by a wide variety of micro-hymenopterans, including Periclistus Förster (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae), which act as inquilines. Both Diplolepis and Periclistus are difficult to distinguish based on adult morphology, instead the structural appearance of galls is often used to distinguish species. Using the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, we tested the species boundaries and built phylogenies of both Diplolepis and Periclistus. The molecular results have largely supported the validity of species described in the literature, with notable exceptions in four species groups. Periclistus exhibits a divide between the Palaearctic and Nearctic clades, and ranges from specialists to generalists in terms of host specificity. While it is premature to enact any taxonomic changes without additional molecular markers, this incongruence between morphological and molecular data indicates these groups need taxonomic revision and gall morphology alone may be inadequate to delimit species.

scholarly journals Colouration, chaetotaxy and molecular data provide species-level resolution in a species complex of Dicranocentrus (Collembola : Entomobryidae)

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 1298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng Zhang ◽  
Daoyuan Yu ◽  
Mark I. Stevens ◽  
Yinhuan Ding
Keyword(s):  
Species Complex ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
Species Level ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Late Neogene ◽  
Taxonomic Approach ◽  
Colour Patterns

Integrative taxonomic approaches are increasingly providing species-level resolution to ‘cryptic’ diversity. In the absence of an integrative taxonomic approach, formal species validation is often lacking because of inadequate morphological diagnoses. Colouration and chaetotaxy are the most commonly used characters in collembolan taxonomy but can cause confusion in species diagnoses because these characters often have large intraspecific variation. Here, we take an integrative approach to the genus Dicranocentrus in China where four species have been previously recognised, but several members of the genus have been morphologically grouped as a species complex based on having paired outer teeth on unguis and seven colour patterns. Molecular delimitations based on distance- and evolutionary models recovered four candidate lineages from three gene markers and revealed that speciation events likely occurred during the late Neogene (4–13million years ago). Comparison of intact dorsal chaetotaxy, whose homologies were erected on the basis of first instar larva, further validated these candidates as formal species: D. gaoligongensis, sp. nov., D. similis, sp. nov., D. pallidus, sp. nov. and D. varicolor, sp. nov., and increase the number of Dicranocentrus species from China to eight. Our study further highlights the importance of adequate taxonomy in linking morphological and molecular characters within integrative taxonomy.

scholarly journals A revision of the subgenus Dudaica Strand of the genus Drosophila Fallén, with descriptions of six new species (Diptera, Drosophilidae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 781 ◽  
pp. 19-50
Author(s):  
Takehiro K. Katoh ◽  
Guang Zhang ◽  
Masanori J. Toda ◽  
Awit Suwito ◽  
Jian-Jun Gao
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Dna Barcodes ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

The subgenus Dudaica Strand of the genus Drosophila Fallén has been known to comprise only two species: Drosophila (Dudaica) senilis Duda, 1926 (recorded from Indonesia, Philippines, Vietnam, Bhutan, and India) and D.malayana (Takada, 1976) (recorded from Malaysia). In the present study, this subgenus is revised, with D.malayana redescribed and six new species discovered and described from China, Malaysia, and Indonesia: gracilipalpis Katoh & Gao, sp. n., puberula Katoh & Gao, sp. n., albipalpis Katoh, Toda & Gao, sp. n., qiongzhouensis Katoh & Gao, sp. n., orthophallata Katoh, Toda & Gao, sp. n., and dissimilis Katoh & Gao, sp. n. Both morphological and molecular data (DNA barcodes) are used to distinguish the above species. A key to species of this subgenus is provided.

Molecular phylogeny of diploid Hordeum species and incongruence between chloroplast and nuclear datasets

Genome ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 986-992 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huan Wang ◽  
Dongfa Sun ◽  
Genlou Sun
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Genome Species ◽  
Different Types ◽  
History Of ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Hordeum Species ◽  
Eurasian Species

The phylogeny of diploid Hordeum species has been studied using both chloroplast and nuclear gene sequences. However, the studies of different nuclear datasets of Hordeum species often arrived at similar conclusions, whereas the studies of different chloroplast DNA data generally resulted in inconsistent conclusions. Although the monophyly of the genus is well supported by both morphological and molecular data, the intrageneric phylogeny is still a matter of controversy. To better understand the evolutionary history of Hordeum species, two chloroplast gene loci (trnD-trnT intergenic spacer and rps16 gene) and one nuclear marker (thioreoxin-like gene (HTL)) were used to explore the phylogeny of Hordeum species. Two obviously different types of trnD-trnT sequences were observed, with an approximately 210 base pair difference between these two types: one for American species, another for Eurasian species. The trnD-trnT data generally separated the diploid Hordeum species into Eurasian and American clades, with the exception of Hordeum marinum subsp. gussoneanum. The rps16 data also grouped most American species together and suggested that Hordeum flexuosum has a different plastid type from the remaining American species. The nuclear gene HTL data clearly divided Hordeum species into two clades: the Xu + H genome clade and the Xa + I genome clade. Within clades, H genome species were well separated from the Xu species, and the I genome species were well separated from the Xa genome species. The incongruence between chloroplast and nuclear datasets was found and discussed.

scholarly journals Chromosomal dynamics in space and time: evolutionary history of Mycetophylax ants across past climatic changes in the Brazilian Atlantic coast

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Micolino ◽  
Maykon Passos Cristiano ◽  
Natália Martins Travenzoli ◽  
Denilce Meneses Lopes ◽  
Danon Clemes Cardoso
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Chromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Atlantic Coast ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Most Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
History Of

AbstractFungus-farming ants of the genus Mycetophylax exhibit intra and interspecific chromosome variability, which makes them suitable for testing hypotheses about possible chromosomal rearrangements that endure lineage diversification. We combined cytogenetic and molecular data from Mycetophylax populations from coastal environments to trace the evolutionary history of the clade in light of chromosomal changes under a historical and geographic context. Our cytogenetic analyses revealed chromosomal differences within and among species. M. morschi exhibited three distinct karyotypes and considerable variability in the localization of 45S rDNA clusters. The molecular phylogeny was congruent with our cytogenetic findings. Biogeographical and divergence time dating analyses estimated that the most recent common ancestor of Mycetophylax would have originated at about 30 Ma in an area including the Amazon and Southern Grasslands, and several dispersion and vicariance events may have occurred before the colonization of the Brazilian Atlantic coast. Diversification of the psammophilous Mycetophylax first took place in the Middle Miocene (ca. 18–10 Ma) in the South Atlantic coast, while “M. morschi” lineages diversified during the Pliocene-Pleistocene transition (ca. 3–2 Ma) through founder-event dispersal for the Northern coastal regions. Psammophilous Mycetophylax diversification fits into the major global climatic events that have had a direct impact on the changes in sea level as well as deep ecological impact throughout South America. We assume therefore that putative chromosomal rearrangements correlated with increased ecological stress during the past climatic transitions could have intensified and/or accompanied the divergence of the psammophilous Mycetophylax. We further reiterate that “M. morschi” comprises a complex of at least three well-defined lineages, and we emphasize the role of this integrative approach for the identification and delimitation of evolutionary lineages.

Berteroa physocarpa (Brassicaceae), a new species from NW Turkey based on morphological and molecular data

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 305 (2) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
SIRRI YÜZBAŞIOĞLU ◽  
IHSAN A. AL-SHEHBAZ ◽  
ELİF YÜZBAŞIOĞLU ◽  
EDA DALYAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Its Region ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Alpine Zone ◽  
Nw Turkey ◽  
Maximum Likelihood Methods ◽  
History Of ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
A New Species

Berteroa physocarpa, a new species from the subalpine-alpine zone (1600−2200 m) of northwest Anatolia, is described and illustrated. It shares with the other species of Berteroa 2n=16 and morphologically is readily distinguished from them by having distinctly inflated fruit with glabrous valves. Sequences of nuclear ribosomal transcribed spacer (ITS) region were used to determine the relationship of Berteroa species using maximum likelihood methods. The phylogenetic results confirmed the recently established systematic history of Berteroa and also supported the recognition of this new species.

Morphological and molecular study of the torrent catfishes (Sisoridae: Glyptosterninae) of Bhutan including the description of five new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4476 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
RYAN J. THONI ◽  
DHAN B. GURUNG
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Cyt B ◽  
Dichotomous Key ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

Torrent catfishes of the subfamily Glyptosterninae from Bhutan are examined based on morphological and molecular data. Five new species are described: Creteuchiloglanis bumdelingensis sp. nov., Exostoma mangdechhuensis sp. nov., Parachiloglanis benjii sp. nov., P. dangmechhuensis sp. nov., and P. drukyulensis sp. nov. Molecular data derived from the mitochondrial gene Cyt b and the nuclear gene RAG2 recovered relationships within Parachiloglanis and the Glyptosterninae. A dichotomous key to the Glyptosterninae of Bhutan is provided.

scholarly journals Phylogenetic studies of eucalypts: fossils, morphology and genomes

2016 ◽  
Vol 128 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Bayly
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequencing ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Recent Advances ◽  
History Of ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Economic Use ◽  
Insight Into

The eucalypt group includes seven genera: Eucalyptus, Corymbia, Angophora, Eucalyptopsis, Stockwellia, Allosyncarpia and Arillastrum. Knowledge of eucalypt phylogeny underpins classification of the group, and facilitates understanding of their ecology, conservation and economic use, as well as providing insight into the history of Australia’s flora. Studies of fossils and phylogenetic analyses of morphological and molecular data have made substantial contributions to understanding of eucalypt relationships and biogeography, but relationships among some genera are still uncertain, and there is controversy about generic circumscription of the bloodwood eucalypts (genus Corymbia). Relationships at lower taxonomic levels, e.g. among sections and series of Eucalyptus, are also not well resolved. Recent advances in DNA sequencing methods offer the ability to obtain large genomic datasets that will enable improved understanding of eucalypt evolution.

scholarly journals Integrative taxonomy reveals two new cryptic species of Hyphessobrycon Durbin, 1908 (Teleostei: Characidae) from the Maracaçumé and middle Tocantins River basins, Eastern Amazon region

2020 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 77-107
Author(s):  
Erick Cristofore Guimarães ◽  
Pâmella Silva De Brito ◽  
Pedro Henrique Negreiros Bragança ◽  
Jadson Pinheiro Santos ◽  
Axel Makay Katz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Color Pattern ◽  
Integrative Taxonomy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

Two new species, Hyphessobrycon frickei Guimarães, Brito, Bragança, Katz & Ottoni sp. nov. and H. geryi Guimarães, Brito, Bragança, Katz & Ottoni sp. nov., are herein described, based on seven different and independent species delimitation methods, and on molecular and morphological characters, making the hypothesis of these new species supported from an integrative taxonomy perspective. They belong to the “Rosy tetra” clade, which is mainly characterized by the presence of a dark brown or black blotch on the dorsal fin and the absence of a midlateral stripe on the body. These two new species are distinguished from the other members of this clade mainly by the arrangement, shape and color pattern of humeral and dorsal-fin spots, as well as by other characters related to scale counts and body pigmentation. The placement of the new species within the “Rosy tetra” clade was based on the combination of morphological character states mentioned above and corroborated by a molecular phylogenetic analysis using the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase subunit 1. In addition, a new clade (here termed Hyphessobrycon copelandi clade) within the “Rosy tetra” clade is proposed based on molecular data, comprising H. copelandi, H. frickei sp. nov., H. geryi sp. nov. and a still undescribed species. Our results corroborate the occurrence of hidden species within the “Rosy tetra” clade, as suggested by previous studies.

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