Human Metapneumovirus Elicits Weak IFN-γ Memory Responses Compared with Respiratory Syncytial Virus

Mucins (MUC) constitute an important component of the inflammatory and innate immune response. However, the expression of these molecules by respiratory viral infections is still largely unknown. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and human metapneumovirus (hMPV) are two close-related paramyxoviruses that can cause severe low respiratory tract disease in infants and young children worldwide. Currently, there is not vaccine available for neither virus. In this work, we explored the differential expression of MUC by RSV and hMPV in human epithelial cells. Our data indicate that the MUC expression by RSV and hMPV differs significantly, as we observed a stronger induction of MUC8, MUC15, MUC20, MUC21, and MUC22 by RSV infection while the expression of MUC1, MUC2, and MUC5B was dominated by the infection with hMPV. These results may contribute to the different immune response induced by these two respiratory viruses.

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Differential Response of Dendritic Cells to Human Metapneumovirus and Respiratory Syncytial Virus

American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology ◽

10.1165/rcmb.2005-0287oc ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 34 (3) ◽

pp. 320-329 ◽

Cited By ~ 135

Author(s):

Antonieta Guerrero-Plata ◽

Antonella Casola ◽

Giovanni Suarez ◽

Xiang Yu ◽

LeAnne Spetch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dendritic Cells ◽

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Differential Response ◽

Human Metapneumovirus ◽

Syncytial Virus

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Molecular epidemiology of human respiratory syncytial virus and human metapneumovirus in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections in Croatia, 2014–2017

Infection Genetics and Evolution ◽

10.1016/j.meegid.2019.104039 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 76 ◽

pp. 104039 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

M. Jagusic ◽

A. Slovic ◽

J. Ivancic-Jelecki ◽

S. Ljubin-Sternak ◽

T. Vilibić-Čavlek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Molecular Epidemiology ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Human Metapneumovirus ◽

Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Hospitalized Children ◽

Acute Respiratory Infections ◽

Syncytial Virus

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Construction and characterization of recombinant vaccinia viruses co-expressing a respiratory syncytial virus protein and a cytokine

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/0022-1317-82-9-2107 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 82 (9) ◽

pp. 2107-2116 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Teresa R. Johnson ◽

Julie E. Fischer ◽

Barney S. Graham

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Syncytial Virus ◽

Immune Responses ◽

Vaccinia Virus ◽

Antigen Expression ◽

Virus Protein ◽

Recombinant Vaccinia ◽

Vaccinia Viruses ◽

Ifn Γ ◽

Syncytial Virus ◽

The Impact

Recombinant vaccinia viruses are well-characterized tools that can be used to define novel approaches to vaccine formulation and delivery. While vector co-expression of immune mediators has enormous potential for optimizing the composition of vaccine-induced immune responses, the impact on antigen expression and vector antigenicity must also be considered. Co-expression of IL-4 increased vaccinia virus vector titres, while IFN-γ co-expression reduced vaccinia virus replication in BALB/c mice and in C57BL/6 mice infected with some recombinant viruses. Protection against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) challenge was similar in mice immunized with vaccinia virus expressing RSV G glycoprotein and IFN-γ, even though the replication efficiency of the vector was diminished. These data demonstrate the ability of vector-expressed cytokine to influence the virulence of the vector and to direct the development of selected immune responses. This suggests that the co-expression of cytokines and other immunomodulators has the potential to improve the safety of vaccine vectors while improving the immunogenicity of vaccine antigens.

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