scholarly journals Out-of-hospital noninvasive ventilation: epidemiology, technology and equipment

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Scott Baird ◽  
Thyyar M. Ravindranath
Keyword(s):  
Noninvasive Ventilation ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Sophisticated Equipment ◽  
In Infants And Children

Noninvasive ventilation has been utilized successfully in the pre- and out-of-hospital settings for a variety of disorders, including respiratory distress syndrome in neonates, neurologic and pulmonary diseases in infants and children, and heart failure as well as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in adults. A variety of interfaces as well as mechanical positive pressure devices have been used: simple continuous positive airway pressure devices are available which do not require sophisticated equipment, while a broad spectrum of ventilators have been used to provide bilevel positive airway pressure. Extensive training of transport teams may be important, particularly when utilizing bilevel positive airway pressure in infants and children.

Role of Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 260-265
Author(s):  
Hanin Abdulbaset Abo Taleb
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Airway Pressure ◽  
Positive Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Positive Airway Pressure ◽  
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients

Since 1980, continuous positive airway pressure technology (CPAP) has been one of the most effective treatment methods for obstructive airway disease. About 10 years later, Bi-level Positive Airway Pressure (BiPAP) had been developed with a more beneficial concept. CPAP and BiPAP are the most common forms of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV). CPAP administrates a single, constant, low-pressure air to maintain airway expansion throughout the respiratory cycle, while BiPAP gives high and low levels of pressure; one during inspiration (IPAP) and another during expiration (EPAP) to regulate breathing pattern and to keep airways expanded. Recently, much evidence suggests NIPPV in form of CPAP or BiPAP as a treatment option for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) to improve blood gas abnormality and to reduce mortality rate, as well as to decrease the requirement of invasive mechanical ventilation and hospitalization. A guide for health care professionals released in 2019 has confirmed the use of NIPPV in COPD patients during exacerbation and if combined with obstructive sleep apnea. However, the treatment of stable COPD patients with hypercapnia or post-hospitalization COPD patients due to exacerbation with long term home NIPPV has not yet been adopted. Thus, COPD patient status and the timing of NIPPV delivery should be clearly evaluated. This mini review aims to show the role of NIPPV technology as an additional treatment option for patients suffering from COPD.

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