scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Cross-Country: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 629-635
Author(s):  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Sarah N. Morris ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
Christy L. Collins
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Injury Surveillance ◽  
Lateral Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Rate Ratios

Context The National Collegiate Athletic Association has sponsored men's cross-country programs since 1938, and the sport has grown greatly in scope since then. Background Routine examinations of men's cross-country injuries are important for identifying emerging temporal patterns. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program during 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 4.01 per 1000 athlete-exposures (AEs). Most reported injuries were inflammatory conditions (30.2%), strains (18.7%), and sprains (11.5%); rates of inflammatory conditions were highest in preseason. The most commonly reported injuries were lateral ligament complex tears (ankle sprains; 8.2%). Summary Findings of this study were not entirely consistent with existing evidence; continued monitoring of competition injury rates and rates of commonly reported injuries is needed beyond 2018–2019.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Cross-Country: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 622-628
Author(s):  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Sarah N. Morris ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
Christy L. Collins
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Lateral Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Rate Ratios

Context Women's cross-country is a thriving sport at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) level with over 1000 sponsored programs association-wide. Background Routine examinations of women's cross-country injuries are important for identifying emerging time trends in injury incidence and outcomes. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program from 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 3.96 per 1000 athlete-exposures. Most reported injuries were inflammatory conditions (33.6%), strains (17.7%), and fractures (9.1%). The most commonly reported injuries were medial tibial stress syndrome (10.0%) and lateral ligament complex tears (ankle sprains; 4.2%). Summary Findings of this study were not entirely consistent with existing evidence. Future studies are needed to examine the nature of inflammatory conditions and fractures in this population, as well as temporal patterns in commonly reported injuries.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Soccer: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 659-665
Author(s):  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Sarah N. Morris ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
Christy L. Collins
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Lateral Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Over Time

Context The National Collegiate Athletic Association has sponsored men's soccer programs since 1959, and the popularity of the sport has grown over time. Background Routine examinations of athlete injuries are important for identifying emerging temporal patterns. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program from 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 8.51 per 1000 athlete exposures. Lateral ligament complex tears (ankle sprains) (9.2%), hamstring tears (7.0%), and concussions (5.2%) were the most commonly reported injuries. Rates of lateral ligament complex tears remained stable from 2014–2015 through 2018–2019, whereas hamstring tear rates decreased and concussion rates increased. Summary The findings of this study were in line with the existing epidemiological evidence, although notable temporal patterns were observed. Incidence trajectories of commonly observed injuries warrant particular attention in the future.

scholarly journals Ten-Year Epidemiology of Ankle Injuries in Men's and Women's Collegiate Soccer Players

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 881-888
Author(s):  
Matthew Gulbrandsen ◽  
David E. Hartigan ◽  
Karan A. Patel ◽  
Justin L Makovicka ◽  
Sailesh V Tummala ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Injury Surveillance ◽  
Ankle Injuries ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Lateral Ligament ◽  
Deltoid Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Injury Rates

Context Data from the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Injury Surveillance Program (ISP) have indicated that ankle injuries are the most common injuries among NCAA soccer players. Objective To review 10 years of NCAA-ISP data for soccer players' ankle injuries to understand how the time period (2004–2005 through 2008–2009 versus 2009–2010 through 2013–2014), anatomical structure injured, and sex of the athlete affected the injury rate, mechanism, and prognosis. Design Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting Online injury surveillance. Main Outcome Measure(s) The NCAA-ISP was queried for men's and women's soccer ankle data from 2004 to 2014. Ankle-injury rates were calculated on the basis of injuries per 1000 athlete-exposures. Rate ratios (RRs) were used to compare injury rates. Injury proportion ratios (IPRs) were used to compare injury characteristics. Results When compared with the 2004–2005 through 2008–2009 seasons, the 2009–2010 through 2013–2014 seasons showed a similar rate of injuries (RR = 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.85, 1.04) but fewer days missed (P < .001) and fewer recurrent injuries (IPR = 0.55, 95% CI = 0.41, 0.74). The 4 most common ankle injuries, which accounted for 95% of ankle injuries, were lateral ligament complex tears (65.67%), tibiofibular ligament (high ankle) sprains (10.3%), contusions (10.1%), and medial (deltoid) ligament tears (9.77%). Of these injuries, high ankle sprains were most likely to cause athletes to miss ≥30 days (IPR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.24, 2.90). Men and women had similar injury rates (RR = 1.02, 95% CI = 0.94, 1.11). Men had more contact injuries (IPR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.16, 1.41) and contusion injuries (IPR = 1.34, CI = 1.03, 1.73) but fewer noncontact injuries (IPR = 0.86, 95% CI = 0.78, 0.95) and lateral ligamentous complex injuries (IPR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.86, 0.98). Conclusions Although the rate of ankle injuries did not change between the 2004–2005 through 2008–2009 seasons and the 2009–2010 through 2013–2014 seasons, the prognoses improved. Among the 4 most common ankle injuries, high ankle sprains resulted in the worst prognosis. Overall, male and female NCAA soccer players injured their ankles at similar rates; however, men were more likely to sustain contact injuries.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Lacrosse: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 758-765
Author(s):  
Bernadette A. D'Alonzo ◽  
Abigail C. Bretzin ◽  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Injury Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Epidemiological Evidence ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Lower Extremity Injuries ◽  
Extremity Injuries ◽  
Rate Ratios

Context The popularity of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) men's lacrosse has been steadily increasing since the early 1980s. Background Injury surveillance is an important tool to aid in identifying emerging patterns of sport-related injury in NCAA men's lacrosse. Methods Injury data collected from a sample of men's lacrosse teams through the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program for the academic years 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 were analyzed. Athlete exposures were estimated and computed based on collected exposure data. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios (IRRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate differences in injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 4.90 per 1000 athlete exposures (AEs), and the competition injury rate was higher than the practice injury rate (IRR = 2.59; 95% CI = 2.35, 2.84). The overall preseason injury rate was higher than the regular and postseason injury rates. The most reported injuries were concussions (8.0%), ankle sprains (7.7%), and hamstring tears (6.9%). Conclusions Study findings were comparable with existing epidemiological evidence. The overall burden of concussions and lower extremity injuries warrant further attention in this population.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Lacrosse: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 750-757
Author(s):  
Abigail C. Bretzin ◽  
Bernadette A. D'Alonzo ◽  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Lateral Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Epidemiologic Evidence ◽  
Rate Ratios

Context Lacrosse is an increasingly popular sport; the number of teams participating in collegiate women's lacrosse has increased by 21.4% in the past 5 years. Background The growth of National Collegiate Athletic Association women's lacrosse, coupled with the ongoing discussions surrounding protective equipment, necessitates further epidemiologic studies in this population. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program during 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios with 95% CIs were used to examine differential injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 4.99 per 1000 athlete exposures. Less than 30% of injuries were time-loss injuries; injuries were most commonly attributed to noncontact (26.6%) and overuse (25.2%) mechanisms. The most commonly reported specific injuries were lateral ligament complex tears (ankle sprains; 9.1%), concussions (7.2%), and hamstring tears (3.8%). Summary Findings from this study were consistent with the existing epidemiologic evidence in previous studies. Injury incidence in practices, in preseason, and as a result of player contact warrant further attention in this population.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Tennis: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 773-779
Author(s):  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Sarah N. Morris ◽  
Christy L. Collins ◽  
Avinash Chandran
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Injury Surveillance ◽  
Lateral Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Rate Ratios

Context The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has sponsored men's tennis programs since 1982. The popularity of tennis has grown, as has sponsorship of men's tennis within NCAA institutions. Background Continued monitoring of athletic injuries is important for identifying emerging temporal patterns. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program during 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 4.41 per 1000 athlete-exposures. Lateral ligament complex tears of the ankle (8.5%) were the most reported injury. Trunk (15.1%) and shoulder (13.2%) injuries accounted for the largest proportions of all injuries. Noncontact and overuse were the most common mechanisms of injury among all reported injuries, together accounting for 69.4% of all injuries. Conclusions Findings of this study differed slightly from previous studies, most notably in specific injuries reported. Continued monitoring of specific injury incidence as well as greater participation in injury surveillance is needed to inform the development of nuanced injury prevention strategies for this population.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Soccer: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 651-658
Author(s):  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Sarah N. Morris ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
Christy L. Collins
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Temporal Patterns ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Lateral Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Ankle Sprains ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Women's Soccer

Context The National Collegiate Athletic Association held the first women's soccer championship in 1982; sponsorship and participation have greatly increased since. Background Routine examinations of athlete injuries are important for identifying emerging temporal patterns. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the National Collegiate Athletic Association Injury Surveillance Program during the 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 seasons were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 8.33 per 1000 athlete-exposures. Lateral ligament complex tears (ankle sprains) (8.6%), concussions (8.3%), and quadriceps tears (5.0%) were the most commonly reported injuries. Rates of lateral ligament complex tears followed an increasing trajectory during the study period, whereas quadriceps tear rates fluctuated during the early years, and concussion rates decreased then increased. Summary The findings of this study were mostly consistent with existing evidence; notable temporal patterns were observed with regard to lateral ligament complex tears and concussions.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's and Women's Cross-Country Injuries, 2009–2010 Through 2013–2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Y. Kerr ◽  
Emily Kroshus ◽  
Jon Grant ◽  
John T. Parsons ◽  
Dustin Folger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Injury Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Exposure Data ◽  
Collegiate Level ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Rate Ratios

Context  Recent injury-surveillance data for collegiate-level cross-country athletes are limited. Objective  To describe the epidemiology of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) men's and women's cross-country injuries during the 2009–2010 through 2013–2014 academic years. Design  Descriptive epidemiology study. Setting  Aggregate injury and exposure data collected from 25 men's and 22 women's cross-country programs, providing 47 and 43 seasons of data, respectively. Patients or Other Participants  Collegiate student-athletes participating in men's and women's cross-country during the 2009–2010 through 2013–2014 academic years. Main Outcome Measure(s)  Injury rates; injury rate ratios (RRs); injury proportions by body site, diagnosis, and apparatus; and injury proportion ratios were reported with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results  The Injury Surveillance Program captured 216 injuries from men's cross-country and 260 injuries from women's cross-country, leading to injury rates of 4.66/1000 athlete-exposures (AEs) for men (95% CI = 4.04, 5.28) and 5.85/1000 AEs for women (95% CI = 5.14, 6.56). The injury rate in women's cross-country was 1.25 times that of men's cross-country (95% CI = 1.05, 1.50). Most injuries affected the lower extremity (men = 90.3%, women = 81.9%). The hip/groin-injury rate in women (0.65/1000 AEs) was higher than that in men (0.15/1000 AEs; RR = 4.32; 95% CI = 1.89, 9.85). The ankle-injury rate in men (0.60/1000 AEs) was higher than that in women (0.29/1000 AEs; RR = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.07, 3.99). Common diagnoses were strains (men = 19.9%, women = 20.4%) and inflammation (men = 18.1%, women = 23.8%). The majority of injuries were classified as overuse (men = 57.6%, women = 53.3%). Conclusions  Consistent with prior research, injury distributions varied between male and female athletes, and the injury rate among females was higher. Understanding the epidemiology of these cross-country injuries may be important for developing appropriate preventive interventions.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Women's Tennis: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 766-772
Author(s):  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Sarah N. Morris ◽  
Christy L. Collins ◽  
Avinash Chandran
Keyword(s):  
Injury Prevention ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Time Loss ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Rate Ratios

Context The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) has sponsored women's tennis programs since 1966. Women's tennis has risen in global prominence and popularity within the NCAA. Background Continued surveillance of athletic injuries in the NCAA is critical for identifying emerging injury trends and assessing injury prevention strategies. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program from 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 4.16 per 1000 athlete exposures. Injury to the shoulder, foot, and trunk were the most prevalent throughout the study period. Approximately 30% of all injury diagnoses were related to inflammatory conditions. Also, 32.1% of all injuries were time-loss injuries, and 45.0% of all injuries were non–time-loss injuries. Conclusions The findings of this study differed slightly from those of previous investigations, most notably with regard to injury rate by season segment and commonly injured body parts. Future surveillance efforts should attempt to capture the nuances of tennis competitions.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Football: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (7) ◽  
pp. 643-650
Author(s):  
Avinash Chandran ◽  
Sarah N. Morris ◽  
Jacob R. Powell ◽  
Adrian J. Boltz ◽  
Hannah J. Robison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lateral Ligament ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Collegiate Sports ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Rate Ratios ◽  
Rules Changes

Context Football is among the most popular collegiate sports in the United States, and participation in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) football has risen in recent years. Background Continued monitoring of football injuries is important for capturing the evolving burden of injuries in NCAA football. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiology of football-related injuries among men's NCAA football players during the 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 academic years. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 9.31 per 1000 athlete-exposures. Most injuries occurred during general play (17.5%), blocking (15.8%), and tackling (14.0%). Concussions (7.5%), lateral ligament complex tears (6.9%), and hamstring tears (4.7%) were the most commonly reported injuries. Conclusions Results of this study were generally consistent with previous findings, though changes over time in rates of commonly reported injuries warrant attention. Continued monitoring of injury incidence is needed to appraise the effectiveness of recently implemented rules changes.

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