Organizational efficiency of modern competition systems in professional sport games

Professional sport have been developing dynamically in the last few decades. This is evidenced in particular by the growth of its income. The last one is directly related to a quality product produced by a professional sport – a spectacular competition. In particular, in the last few decades, the system of competitions in professional sport has acquired an updated form, significantly changed both quantitative and qualitative indicators of it held. Purpose. To identify key factors in the organizational effectiveness of modern competition systems in professional sports (for example, North American (NFL, NBA, NHL, MLB, MLS), European (UEFA, FIBA / ULEB) and global organizations (ITL/ATP, PGA)). Methods: data analysis and generalization; theoretical interpretation and explanation; analysis of documentary materials, system analysis. Results. Modern systems of professional sports competitions in North America (NFL, NBA, NHL, MLB, MLS) operate according to similar rules. Changes within these systems today are primarily due to public demand. In some leagues (NFL, NHL, MLS,) there has been and continues to be an expansion of teams. In fact, all of these organizations today focus on competitions and in the international sports arena, although until recently the domestic market was more important for them. Due to the development of technology, the leadership of the leagues is increasingly focused on the e-sports market. They develop their own competition systems in a virtual environment and use the latest technologies in conducting and broadcasting real matches, bringing the viewer and the player closer. In Europe, organizations such as UEFA, FIBA/ULEB are also experimenting with changes in the number of teams (increasing in some and decreasing in other competitions) and the format of key tournaments. The professional sports organizations such as ITL/ATP and PGA also impresses with the number of tournaments today. In addition, these organizations are characterized by unique systems of competition, which were also formed as a reaction to external factors (economic, social, informational, etc.). Conclusions. The key factors of organizational efficiency of modern competition systems in professional sports are the level of economic development, technology and information spheres, the level of interest of the international community in kind of sport, the social position of leagues, and most importantly today - development in a pandemic condition.

Learning the rules of collective cell migration using deep attention networks

Collective, coordinated cellular motions underpin key processes in all multicellular organisms, yet it has been difficult to express the ‘rules’ behind these motions in clear, interpretable forms. Here we apply deep attention networks to analyze several canonical living tissues systems and present the underlying collective migration rules for each tissue type using only cell migration trajectory data. We use these networks to learn the behaviors of key tissue types with distinct collective behaviors—epithelial, endothelial, and metastatic breast cancer cells—and show how the results complement traditional biophysical approaches. In particular, we present attention maps indicating the relative influence of neighboring cells to the learned turning decisions of a focal cell. These attention networks reveal distinct patterns of influence and attention unique to each model tissue. Endothelial cells exhibit tightly focused attention on their immediate forward-most neighbors, while cells in more expansile epithelial tissues are more broadly influenced by neighbors in a relatively large forward sector. Attention maps of ensembles of more mesenchymal, metastatic cells reveal completely symmetric attention patterns, indicating the lack of any particular coordination or direction of interest. Moreover, we show how attention networks are capable of detecting and learning how these rules changes based on biophysical context, such as location within the tissue and cellular crowding. That these results require only cellular trajectories and no modeling assumptions highlights the potential of attention networks for providing further biological insights into complex cellular systems.

Epidemiology of Injuries in National Collegiate Athletic Association Men's Football: 2014–2015 Through 2018–2019

Context Football is among the most popular collegiate sports in the United States, and participation in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) football has risen in recent years. Background Continued monitoring of football injuries is important for capturing the evolving burden of injuries in NCAA football. The purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiology of football-related injuries among men's NCAA football players during the 2014–2015 through 2018–2019 academic years. Methods Exposure and injury data collected in the NCAA Injury Surveillance Program were analyzed. Injury counts, rates, and proportions were used to describe injury characteristics, and injury rate ratios were used to examine differential injury rates. Results The overall injury rate was 9.31 per 1000 athlete-exposures. Most injuries occurred during general play (17.5%), blocking (15.8%), and tackling (14.0%). Concussions (7.5%), lateral ligament complex tears (6.9%), and hamstring tears (4.7%) were the most commonly reported injuries. Conclusions Results of this study were generally consistent with previous findings, though changes over time in rates of commonly reported injuries warrant attention. Continued monitoring of injury incidence is needed to appraise the effectiveness of recently implemented rules changes.

Sustainable Communication: Cross-Cultural Management of Higher Education Staff in East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia

This study investigates the ethnic and cultural backgrounds of the University Malaysia Terengganu (UMT) personnel to determine the elements of uncertainty avoidance among the staff. As such, the study examines the respondents’ expectations of rules, changes, and creativity in uncertainty avoidance. This study also investigates the differences between respondents’ behaviour in High Uncertainty Avoidance (HUA) or Low Uncertainty Avoidance (LUA) and the extent to which these differences affect communication. Furthermore, this study employed mixed (qualitative and quantitative) methods as a research design, with ethnography as a research approach. The study data were analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS Version 20) and thematic analysis for an in-depth exploration of the respondents. The result of the study showed that, regardless of ethnicity, common HUA values were shared in the observation of rules and regulations, which reflected the consensual agreement on the importance of observing rules. Concerning changes and adaptation, all the three ethnic groups indicated LUA, with only a small number indicating HUA in this matter. The Malay personnel indicated an especially high LUA, as the future was believed to be too intricate, ambiguous, unpredictable, and hostile for efficient planning. Regarding workplace creativity, all three ethnic groups indicated LUA, with only a small number indicating HUA in this matter. Nevertheless, it is made aware in this study that the results are not representative of the three ethnic populations in Malaysia.

US president’s rule-making is now at risk

Significance The Congressional Review Act (CRA) allows for a new Congress to roll back agency regulation changes made during the previous Congress's final 60 session days, through a simple majority in both chambers, subject to presidential approval. Recent environmental rule changes did not beat the deadline. Impacts Rule-makings overturned via the CRA are upended permanently, and issuing similarly worded rules is precluded. Democrats will use the CRA to compel Republicans to take on-the-record positions on Trump administration policies. If Congress adds more working days to its schedule, the final 60-day period starts correspondingly later. The deadline has passed by which Trump rules changes could be made and escape CRA 'lookback' review.

THE PROBLEM OF LONELINESS IN THE UZBEK NOVEL OF THE INDEPENDENCE PERIOD: ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE ANALYSIS OF TOGAY MURAD'S WORK "YOU CAN'T DIE IN THIS WORLD"

The article reflects the close connection between the author's psyche and the psyche of the work of art. As the system subject to certain rules changes, some aspects of society also change, but the evolution of the heroic psyche, which has struggled to get out of the mold of the environment in which it has lived for most of its life, has been interpreted

Complexity Of Annual License Notification Of Small-Medium Tax Business Taxes

The issuance of Government Regulation 23 of 2018 is the government’s effort to encourage the growth of MSMEs while simultaneously increasing MSME compliance in the taxation field. This study aims to analyze the complexity of the SME Annual Taxpayer Individual Taxpayers. This quantitative study uses a questionnaire with the UMKM Individual Taxpayer in Pondok Aren Tax Office as the respondent. Pondok Aren KPP was chosen as a research location because it is an KPP that intensively approaches UMKM. This study uses the SPT complexity variable as the dependent variable. While the independent variables are ambiguity, SPT calculation, rule details, rule changes, taxpayer accounting and tax return forms. Based on the results of the study, there are 3 variables that significantly affect the complexity of the MSME Annual Taxpayer Personal Taxpayers, these variables are the calculation of tax returns, detailed rules and rules changes.

Building Cognitive Intelligence in Conveyor Systems using Intermediary Anomaly Detection and Handling (IADH) Technique

Industry 4.0 is characterized by the interconnection of industrial systems and automation to enable efficient and autonomous industrial operations. Automating the tasks done by humans involves processing a huge volume of data across multiple sources in the industry and incorporating intelligence into the machine from the insights extracted from the processed data. Classification techniques play a vital role in extracting the features and predicting the best possible action that can be taken based on the processed data. However in cases where the underlying business rules changes, the algorithms fail to detect these changes early, thereby impacting the overall accuracy of the model. In this paper, we presented the Intermediary Anomaly Detection and Handling (IADH) algorithm to overcome the problem mentioned above. IADH algorithm will help to quickly identify the changing business rules of the industry and alter the prediction of the model. The architecture of this model does not restrict to one specific industrial machine but enables it to be reusable across multiple industrial systems. The details of the test data collected, algorithm steps, prototype built and software modules built to develop the product with the IADH feature are discussed in this paper. The results of the model with IADH and without IADH are compared to notice the improvements of the proposed IADH Technique for the collected dataset..

PRESIDENTIALIZATION AND PROCEDURAL RULES CHANGE: THE CASE OF THE SOUTH KOREAN NATIONAL ASSEMBLY

The common assumption of legislative politics is that the majority party structures procedural rules to suit its interests. In a presidentialized context, however, presidential electoral incentives prevail over majority party's incentives when voting on procedural rules changes and the threat of punishing majority-party defectors is not credible when those defectors vote with the presidential candidate. To test these claims, I analyze the case of the procedural reform in the South Korean National Assembly. The case study reveals that 1) the leading presidential candidate of the ruling majority Saenuri Party compromised on the procedural reform bill that imposes restrictions on the majority party's cartel arrangement due to presidential electoral incentives; 2) a significant number of Saenuri Party members defected from the majority of their co-partisans to vote with the presidential candidate; and 3) career advancement ratio and re-nomination ratios demonstrate that those defectors were not punished afterwards.