scholarly journals The potential distributions, and estimated spatial requirements and population sizes, of the medium to large-sized mammals in the planning domain of the Greater Addo Elephant National Park project

Koedoe ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.F. Boshoff ◽  
G.I.H. Kerley ◽  
R.M. Cowling ◽  
S.L. Wilson
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Eastern Cape ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Park Planning ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Spreadsheet Models ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Potential Population

The Greater Addo Elephant National Park project (GAENP) involves the establishment of a mega biodiversity reserve in the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Conservation planning in the GAENP planning domain requires systematic information on the potential distributions and estimated spatial requirements, and population sizes of the medium to largesized mammals. The potential distribution of each species is based on a combination of literature survey, a review of their ecological requirements, and consultation with conservation scientists and managers. Spatial requirements were estimated within 21 Mammal Habitat Classes derived from 43 Land Classes delineated by expert-based vegetation and river mapping procedures. These estimates were derived from spreadsheet models based on forage availability estimates and the metabolic requirements of the respective mammal species, and that incorporate modifications of the agriculture-based Large Stock Unit approach. The potential population size of each species was calculated by multiplying its density estimate with the area of suitable habitat. Population sizes were calculated for pristine, or near pristine, habitats alone, and then for these habitats together with potentially restorable habitats for two park planning domain scenarios. These data will enable (a) the measurement of the effectiveness of the GAENP in achieving predetermined demographic, genetic and evolutionary targets for mammals that can potentially occur in selected park sizes and configurations, (b) decisions regarding acquisition of additional land to achieve these targets to be informed, (c) the identification of species for which targets can only be met through metapopulation management,(d) park managers to be guided regarding the re-introduction of appropriate species, and (e) the application of realistic stocking rates. Where possible, the model predictions were tested by comparison with empirical data, which in general corroborated the predictions. All estimates should be considered as testable hypotheses.

scholarly journals Geographical analysis of six rare bird species in the Kruger National Park, South Africa

1996 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Hurford ◽  
A. T. Lombard ◽  
A. C. Kemp ◽  
G. A. Benn
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
National Park ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Habitat Associations ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Data Book

SummaryTwenty-eight predominantly tropical bird species have ranges that only just extend into the north-eastern part of South Africa, mainly within the Kruger National Park (KNP). These species are listed as “rare” (200 breeding pairs) in the South African Red Data Book (Brooke 1984). This study assesses the extent to which six of these rare bird species represent viable populations in the KNP. Grid squares in the KNP (2.5 × 2.5 miles) were visually assessed according to several bird habitat parameters. Bird records were also plotted on this grid system and habitat associations were identified for each species. This allowed for the measurement of total suitable habitat within the KNP for each species. Bird densities within known habitat were determined using spot-mapping and fixed-distance strip-transect techniques. Estimated population sizes for each species were obtained by extrapolating density estimates to total suitable habitat. Of the six study species, Arnot's Chat, Rudd's Apalis, Wattle-eyed Flycatcher and Tropical Boubou are likely to occur in sufficient numbers to constitute viable populations within the KNP, with estimated population sizes of 1,394, 4/758/ 2,070 and 10,450 birds respectively. The populations of White-crowned Plover and Long-tailed Starling are probably too small to be viable in the long term, with estimated population sizes of 305 and 382 birds respectively. The results presented here are testable and can be used as a baseline for future monitoring.

Stanowiska Succisella inflexa (Dipsacaceae) w Kampinoskim Parku Narodowym.

2019 ◽  
pp. 215-222
Author(s):  
Karol Torzewski
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Population Sizes ◽  
Young Forests

The paper presents the results of field research on the occurrence of Succisella inflexa in Kampinos National Park, conducted in 2004–2015. Its stations are characterized and its distribution is given. The populations were mainly concentrated in the eastern part of the park. Forty-five stations have been reported, two of them most likely historical. They were most often in open sedge and meadow, and less frequently in thin shrub and young forests. The population sizes ranged from single specimens to many thousands.

scholarly journals Estimating population sizes of lions Panthera leo and spotted hyaenas Crocuta crocuta in Uganda's savannah parks, using lure count methods

Oryx ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 394-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Okot Omoya ◽  
Tutilo Mudumba ◽  
Stephen T. Buckland ◽  
Paul Mulondo ◽  
Andrew J. Plumptre
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Crocuta Crocuta ◽  
Panthera Leo ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Conservation Area ◽  
Population Sizes

AbstractDespite > 60 years of conservation in Uganda's national parks the populations of lions and spotted hyaenas in these areas have never been estimated using a census method. Estimates for some sites have been extrapolated to other protected areas and educated guesses have been made but there has been nothing more definitive. We used a lure count analysis method of call-up counts to estimate populations of the lion Panthera leo and spotted hyaena Crocuta crocuta in the parks where reasonable numbers of these species exist: Queen Elizabeth Protected Area, Murchison Falls Conservation Area and Kidepo Valley National Park. We estimated a total of 408 lions and 324 hyaenas for these three conservation areas. It is unlikely that other conservation areas in Uganda host > 10 lions or > 40 hyaenas. The Queen Elizabeth Protected Area had the largest populations of lions and hyaenas: 140 and 211, respectively. It is estimated that lion numbers have declined by 30% in this protected area since the late 1990s and there are increasing concerns for the long-term viability of both species in Uganda.

Regional analysis of mammal distributions among Canadian parks: implications for park planning

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2457-2464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan M. Glenn
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Biology ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Regional Analysis ◽  
Species Distributions ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Human Disturbances ◽  
Park Planning ◽  
Undisturbed Site ◽  
Composition I ◽  
Large Reserve

An unresolved question in conservation biology is whether a single large reserve will support more or fewer species than several smaller reserves adding up to the same total area, and how this affects species composition. Within 'mammal provinces' of Canada, several parks supported the same number of mammalian species, or more, than a single large park with the same area. The proportion of species that require undisturbed habitats increased with total area conserved. Human disturbances should be reduced in parks because these undisturbed-site species are unable to survive in disturbed environments not protected by a park system. An analysis of species distributions across parks indicated that not all small parks had the same composition. I therefore recommend establishing many parks in a biologically defined region and incorporating as much total area as possible. To aid in developing a strategy for placing parks across Canada, areas with high total mammalian richness and high richness of mammal species intolerant of disturbances are highlighted. Maps showing these areas are particularly useful because it is unlikely that several large parks will be established in every region and it is therefore important to identify the most diverse sites.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Citropsis articulata in Tropical Forests in Uganda: Implication for Ex Situ Conservation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Rapheal Wangalwa ◽  
Eunice Apio Olet ◽  
Grace Kagoro-Rugunda ◽  
Casim Umba Tolo ◽  
Patrick E. Ogwang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Habitat Degradation ◽  
Kibale National Park ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Forest Reserves ◽  
Ecological Requirements ◽  
Shade Tolerant Species ◽  
Alternative Sources

Citropsis articulata is a medicinal plant that is increasingly threatened by unsustainable methods of harvesting and habitat degradation. Owing to the fact that this plant species is highly utilized for herbal medicine and is currently restricted to a few forest reserves in Uganda, this has significant implications for ex situ conservation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess how physiographical factors influence the occurrence and distribution of C. articulata in the three forest reserves in Uganda, namely, Budongo, Mabira, and Kibale National Park. The study was carried out in 15 compartmental sites in each of the three forests. In each compartmental site, 4 plots of 60 m × 60 m were systematically established, and within each plot, 4 subplots each of size 20 m × 20 m were randomly setup. A total of 240 subplots were assessed for occurrence of Citropsis articulata in each forest. The results indicated a significant ( p < 0.05 ) variation in the density of C. articulata with the highest recorded in Kibale National Park. Citropsis articulata generally occurred at moderate altitudinal landscapes (overall elevation = 1200.0 ± 20.73 m) with soils that are moderately acidic (overall pH = 5.7 ± 0.10), low in salinity (overall salinity = 84.0 ± 3.84 mg/l), and moderate levels of macro- and micronutrients. Citropsis articulata was generally associated with plant communities dominated by canopy tree species of genera such as Chryosphyllum, Celtis, Markhamia, Cynometra, Lasiodiscus, Trilepisium, Funtumia, and Diospyros, thus suggesting that C. articulata is a shade-tolerant species. Establishing the ecological requirements of this plant species among other things informs the potential for ex situ production of this plant. This will not only provide alternative sources of plant harvest but also go a long way in relieving the current harvest pressures exerted on the conserved wild populations of this plant species.

scholarly journals Little hope for the polyploid endemic Pyrenean Larkspur (Delphinium montanum): evidences from population genomics and Ecological Niche Modelling

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascaline Salvado ◽  
Pere Aymerich Boixader ◽  
Josep Parera ◽  
Albert Vila Bonfill ◽  
Maria Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Ecological Niche ◽  
Population Genomics ◽  
Diploid Species ◽  
Ecological Niche Modelling ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Sky Islands ◽  
Niche Modelling ◽  
Ecological Requirements

Species endemic to restricted geographical ranges represent a particular conservation issue, be it for their heritage interest. In a context of global change, this is particularly the case for plants which belong to high-mountain ecosystems and, because of their ecological requirements, are doomed to survive or disappear on their "sky islands". The Pyrenean Larkspur (Delphinium montanum, Ranunculaceae) is endemic to the Eastern part of the Pyrenees (France and Spain). It is now only observable at a dozen of localities and some populations show signs of decline, such as a recurrent lack of flowering. Implementing population genomic approach (e.g. RAD-seq like) is particularly useful to understand genomic patterns of diversity and differentiation in order to provide recommendations in term of conservation. However, it remains challenging for species such as D. montanum that are autotetraploid with a large genome size (1C-value > 10 pg) as most methods currently available were developed for diploid species. A Bayesian framework able to call genotypes with uncertainty allowed us to assess genetic diversity and population structure in this system. Our results show evidence for inbreeding (mean GIS = 0.361) within all the populations and substantial population structure (mean GST = 0.403) at the metapopulation level. In addition to a lack of connectivity between populations, spatial projections of Ecological Niche Modelling analyses under different climatic scenarios predict a dramatic decrease of suitable habitat for D. montanum in the future. Based on these results, we discuss the relevance and feasibility of different conservation measures.

scholarly journals Non-volant mammals, Parque Nacional do Catimbau, Vale do Catimbau, Buíque, state of Pernambuco, Brazil, with karyologic data

Check List ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Geise ◽  
Roberta Paresque ◽  
Harley Sebastião ◽  
Leila T. Shirai ◽  
Diego Astúa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Mammal ◽  
National Park ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Habitat Types ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Park Area ◽  
Small Mammal Species ◽  
Mammal Survey

We report the results of a terrestrial small mammal survey at one National Park in the northeastern Brazil, in the state of Pernambuco. The Catimbau National Park is located within the Caatinga domain with the characteristic thorn scrub vegetation. Our sampling encompasses several different vegetation/habitat types within the park area. All specimens collected were prepared as vouchers to be deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo. Karyotypes were obtained for all representative purported species collected. We report here the results of this first survey – two species of marsupials and seven of rodents - and added new occurrence localities for several small mammal species of this region, provide karyotypic information and register an undescribed species of arboreal rat of the genus Rhipidomys. This survey illustrates the need for extensive and planned sampling of the Caatinga domain.

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