scholarly journals A case of racemose and intraventricular neurocysticercosis in an unusual location

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Singh ◽  
Surya P. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Left Lateral Ventricle

Racemose and intraventricular neurocysticercosis are uncommon types of neurocysticercosis, resulting in a multiloculated, grape-like cluster appearance in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) spaces. A male patient presented with symptoms of raised intracranial pressure and demonstrated racemose neurocysticercosis at an atypical location involving the region of the crus of the fornix at the level of the body of lateral ventricles on magnetic resonance imaging. Associated intraventricular neurocysticercosis was seen in the atrium of the left lateral ventricle and fourth ventricle.

Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Volumetry Distinguishes Delusional Disorder from Late-Onset Schizophrenia

1994 ◽  
Vol 165 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Howard ◽  
Osvaldo Almeida ◽  
Raymond Levy ◽  
Phillipa Graves ◽  
Martin Graves
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Paranoid Schizophrenia ◽  
Delusional Disorder ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Left Lateral Ventricle ◽  
Icd 10

BackgroundLate paraphrenia is recognised as a heterogeneous disorder. This is reflected by the division of such patients into schizophrenia and delusional disorder in ICD-10. Earlier imaging studies have suggested that major structural abnormalities may be associated with the onset of psychosis in later life.MethodFifty late paraphrenics and 35 age-matched healthy controls underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging of the whole brain in the coronal plane. Measurements were made of intracranial and brain volumes and the volumes of the intracerebral and extracerebral cerebrospinal fluid spaces.ResultsNo differences in intracranial, brain or extracerebral cerebrospinal fluid volumes between patients and controls were found. Late paraphrenic patients had greater lateral and third ventricle volumes than controls and the left lateral ventricle was larger than the right. When the patients were divided into appropriate ICD-10 diagnoses: paranoid schizophrenia (n= 31) and delusional disorder (n= 16), lateral ventricle volumes in the delusional disorder patients were much greater than those of the schizophrenics and almost twice those of controls.ConclusionsStructural brain differences underly diagnostic heterogeneity within late paraphrenia. The brains of late onset schizophrenics are only subtly different from those of healthy elderly individuals.

scholarly journals Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma: A Rare Fatty Tumor and its Literature Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 360-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsh Deora ◽  
A. R. Prabhuraj ◽  
Jitender Saini ◽  
T. C. Yasha ◽  
Arivazhagan Arimappamagan
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Gait Ataxia ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebellar Liponeurocytoma

ABSTRACTCerebellar liponeurocytoma is a rare oncological entity, and the knowledge about the treatment and outcome of these rare tumors is still evolving. Very few cases have been described in literature. We report a middle-aged male who presented with raised intracranial pressure features and gait ataxia. His imaging features revealed classical features of liponeurocytoma in cerebellar vermis, with abundant fat component evident in both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. He underwent resection of the lesion and has been asymptomatic for 4 years. This report describes the classical radiological and immunohistochemical features of this rare entity with favorable outcome and reviews the existing literature.

Phase-contrast MRI Measurement of Systolic Cerebrospinal Fluid Peak Velocity (CSFVPeak) in the Aqueduct of Sylvius

1999 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 1546-1550. ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Kolbitsch ◽  
Michael Schocke ◽  
Ingo H. Lorenz ◽  
Christian Kremser ◽  
Fritz Zschiegner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Peak Velocity ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Phase Contrast Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Aqueduct Of Sylvius ◽  
Contrast Magnetic Resonance

Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) outflow to intra- and extracranial subarachnoid spaces caused by arterial inflow to the brain predominantly compensates systolic increases in cerebral blood volume. Phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging is a new tool for noninvasive assessment of CSF displacement by measuring CSF peak velocity (CSFV(Peak)). The authors tested this new tool in an experimental human model of increased intracranial pressure and reduced cerebral capacity by means of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) breathing. Methods The authors investigated systolic CSFV(Peak) in the aqueduct of Sylvius in 11 awake, normocapnic (end-tidal carbon dioxide [ET(CO2)] = 40 mmHg) volunteers without CPAP and at two different CPAP levels (6 and 12 cm H2O) by means of electroencephalography-gated phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging. Results Administration of 6 cm H2O CPAP did not change systolic CSFV(Peak) (-4.9+/-2.8 cm/s vs. control: -5.1+/-2.7 cm/s), whereas 12 cm H2O CPAP significantly reduced systolic CSFV(Peak) (-4.0+/-1.8 cm/s vs. control: -5.1+/-2.7 cm/s; P < 0.05). Conclusions These findings in awake volunteers show that monitoring CSFV(Peak) in the aqueduct of Sylvius is a sensitive method for detecting even minor impairment of cerebral capacity caused by experimentally induced increases in intracranial pressure.

scholarly journals Is Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diffusion Restriction of the Optic Disc Head a New Marker for Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension?

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 170-174
Author(s):  
Elanagan Nagarajan ◽  
Lakshmi P. Digala ◽  
Manjamalai Sivaraman ◽  
Pradeep C. Bollu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Restriction

Abstract Background Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a headache syndrome due to raised intracranial pressure of unknown etiology. Before making the diagnosis of IIH, secondary causes of raised intracranial pressure must be ruled out. The radiological features associated with this condition have variable sensitivity and specificity. In this case series, we aim to describe a potential new radiological marker of IIH, that is, diffusion restriction, in the optic disc head and propose that this can be a specific finding in the appropriate clinical picture. Importance IIH causes vision loss and disabling daily headaches. The diagnosis of this condition is based on history and physical examination findings. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used to exclude other causes, but specific radiological markers for the diagnosis of IIH are lacking. Observations Five patients presented with the main complaint of headache, which was associated with blurry vision. All of our patients had a formal neuro-ophthalmological evaluation that confirmed the presence of optic disc edema in both eyes. They also underwent an MRI of the brain that showed diffusion restriction in the optic nerve head in either eye or both eyes. Patients underwent lumbar puncture in the lateral decubitus position, which revealed cerebrospinal fluid opening pressures > 25 cm H2O. They all responded well to standard treatments, with the resolution of symptoms in their follow-up appointments. Conclusion and Relevance The MRI diffusion restriction in the optic nerve head may be a reliable noninvasive marker for the diagnosis of IIH in the appropriate clinical picture.

scholarly journals Use of T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the optic nerve sheath to detect raised intracranial pressure

Critical Care ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. R114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Geeraerts ◽  
Virginia FJ Newcombe ◽  
Jonathan P Coles ◽  
Maria Abate ◽  
Iain E Perkes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Optic Nerve Sheath ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging

PRIMARY OBSTRUCTION OF THE FOURTH VENTRICLE OUTLETS

Neurosurgery ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 65 (6) ◽  
pp. 1078-1086 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierluigi Longatti ◽  
Alessandro Fiorindi ◽  
Andrea Martinuzzi ◽  
Alberto Feletti
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Cine Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Third Ventriculostomy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Flow Measurements ◽  
First Time

Abstract OBJECTIVE Primary obstruction of the foramina of Magendie and Luschka is an uncommon and still unclear cause of noncommunicating hydrocephalus. The aim of this work is the description, for the first time, of the inner aspect of these velar obstructions of the fourth ventricle outlets and the demonstration of the efficacy of neuroendoscopic treatment. METHODS Of 240 hydrocephalic patients treated in our institution with endoscopic third ventriculostomy, a subgroup of 10 cases with closure of the fourth ventricular outlets without associated Chiari malformation and syringomyelia was selected. In all of these cases, a transaqueductal endoscopic navigation of the fourth ventricle was performed, and the obstructed outlets were inspected. All of the clinical data and, in particular, the videotape records of endoscopic operations, as well as the cine-magnetic resonance imaging scans, were reviewed to evaluate their patency status. RESULTS Various degrees of stenosis were found endoscopically: restriction of the Magendie contour with thick and opaque membrane, transparent spider web-like membrane, and dense membrane with fissures acting as valves. Endoscopic third ventriculostomy was effective in almost all patients, although we noticed an unforeseen high incidence of closure of the stoma. The restored normal cerebrospinal fluid flux after ventriculocisternostomy and magendieplasty was demonstrated by comparative study of cerebrospinal fluid flow measurements by cine-magnetic resonance imaging. CONCLUSION This report demonstrates the effectiveness of neuroendoscopic third ventriculostomy as well as magendiestomy in cases of tetraventricular hydrocephalus attributable to primary obstruction of the outlets of the fourth ventricle and, for the first time, presents direct images of various types of outlet obstructive pathology.

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