scholarly journals Comparative evaluation of Latex agglutination method with other phenotypic methods for detection of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 252 ◽  
Author(s):  
L Oberoi ◽  
R Kaur ◽  
A Aggarwal
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Agglutination Method ◽  
Phenotypic Methods

scholarly journals Detection of mecA gene by latex agglutination and its molecular analysis by PCR in methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (07) ◽  
pp. 1363-1370
Author(s):  
Aneela Khawaja ◽  
Iffat Javed ◽  
Sohaila Mushtaq ◽  
Saeed Anwar ◽  
Faiqa Arshad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Medical Institute ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Agglutination Method ◽  
Resistant Strains

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a devastating question that is threatening the health globally. The extensive and indiscriminative use of antibiotics has evolved a notorious resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.  This resistance developed through possession of mecA gene, which codes for modified penicillin binding protein (PBP2a) and the emergent strain being labeled “methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus”. Conventional phenotypic techniques for detection of MRSA rely on standardization of cultural characteristics. The drawbacks of diagnostic error to report MRSA include: poor prognosis, expensive treatment, dissemination of multi-drug resistant strains and even treatment failure. Latex agglutination method can be adopted as a more accurate and quick strategy for rapid detection of methicillin resistance. Objectives: To compare detection of mecA gene in methicillin resistant isolates of Staphylococcus aureus by latex agglutination and PCR; by assessing the sensitivity and specificity of both methods. Study Design: Descriptive Cross-Sectional study. Setting: Pathology Department, Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore. Period: From January 2015 to December 2015; according to standard operating procedures at Microbiology laboratory. Material & Methods: A total 713 consecutive, non-duplicate isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were processed. Methicillin resistance was determined using cefoxitin (30mg) by Kirby-Bauer method using CLSI guideline (2016), latex agglutination method; and PCR for mecA gene. Results: The results showed that out of 713 Staphylococcus aureus isolates, 92 (12.90%) isolates were resistant to cefoxitin and were labelled as MRSA. majority MRSA isolates recovered from pus (44.57%) and wound swab (20.65%), followed by blood (13.04%), fluid (8.70%), CSF (4.35%), CVP (3.26%), HVS (3.26%) and tracheal secretion (2.17%). By latex agglutination method, 87 (94.50%) were positive for PBP2a; while on PCR mecA gene was detected only in 82 (89.10%) MRSA isolates. When assessed with PCR (gold standard) the sensitivity and diagnostic accuracy of latex agglutination was 100% and 94.57%, respectively. Conclusion: Latex agglutination test can be employed as rapid and reliable diagnostic technique in MRSA isolates for mecA gene detection, where resources for molecular methods are inadequate. This can effectually lessen the misdiagnosis of resistant strains, and over/ ill-use of antibiotics.

scholarly journals IDENTIFICATION OF METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS USING TOUCHDOWN PCR AND PHENOTYPIC METHODS FROM PATIENTS AND HOSPITALS ENVIRONMENTS IN DIFFERENT IRAQI CITIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 1356-1364
Author(s):  
A. M. Abd Zaid ◽  
N. J. Kandala
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Sensitivity Test ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Cultural Methods ◽  
Base Medium ◽  
Touchdown Pcr ◽  
Phenotypic Methods

The study was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of MRSA in some Iraqi hospitals and determine the most powerful methods for identification of MRSA, in order to achieve the, 278 samples were collected from different hospitals in Iraq in various intervals, 204 out of 287 were identified as Staphylococcus aureus by conventional cultural methods and microscopic characteristics and 177 isolates are identified as MRSA by using HiCrome MeReSa Agar Base medium, but 154 of 177 (87%) isolates are methicillin resistance in sensitivity test. MRSA isolates were highly resistant to β-lactam antibiotics and considered multidrug resistant (MDR) in percent of (94.9%). Touchdown PCR used to identify the isolates, 97.05% were identified as Staphylococcus aureus, while 80.88%  as MRSA.                  

scholarly journals Effects of Sauropus androgynus extract and its combination with ampicillin against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: An in vitro study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-133
Author(s):  
Asih Rahayu ◽  
Chylen Setiyo Rini ◽  
Yos Adi Prakoso ◽  
Bagus Uda Palgunadi ◽  
Muhammad Aris Munandar
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Background and Aim: The massive utilization of antibiotics has increased resistant genes produced by bacteria. Many bacteria, including Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), have become resistant against ampicillin (AMP). The combination of an herbal extract with AMP is expected to generate synergistic effects and may restore the susceptibility of MRSA against AMP. This study aimed to analyze the potency of Sauropus androgynous extract (SAE) as a single extract and combination with AMP against MRSA. Materials and Methods: Sauropus androgynous was extracted using 60% ethanol. SAE biochemical compounds were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. SAE, AMP, and SAE+AMP were tested against MRSA isolates to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration and fractional inhibitory concentration. The inhibition of penicillin-binding proteins 2a (PBP2a) was analyzed using a latex agglutination test. Further, the disruptive membrane effects of SAE, AMP, and SAE+AMP were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope. The analysis of data was conducted using SPSS version 16 with p=0.01. Results: SAE contained bioactive compounds such as phenolics and flavonoids. Further, 2 mg/mL of SAE could be used as the potential concentration against MRSA isolates in vitro. In addition, the utilization of SAE+AMP generated synergistic effects, restored the susceptibility of isolates against AMP, decreased the synthesis of PBP2a by the MRSA, and induced ultrastructural changes in the bacterial membrane. Conclusion: This study indicated that the utilization of SAE potentially inhibits the growth of MRSA through decreasing of PBP2a expression, disruption of the MRSA membrane, while the combination of SAE+AMP showed synergistic effects against MRSA.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Panton-Valentine leukocidin genes in community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the district of Pomoravlje

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljiljana Petrovic-Jeremic ◽  
Nada Kuljic-Kapulica ◽  
Elizabeta Ristanovic ◽  
Dragana Josic ◽  
Zorica Lepsanovic
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
The Other ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Standard Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Panton Valentine Leukocidin ◽  
Valentine Leukocidin

Background/Aim. Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) strains appear to have rapidly disseminated among population in the community without established risk factors for MRSA worldwide. Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) is a cytolytic toxin, encoded by the lukF-PV and lukF-PV genes. PVL may be the key toxin responsible for enhanced virulence of CA-MRSA. The aim of this study was to detect the genes encoding PVL in CA-MRSA isolates from healthy people from the District of Pomoravlje. Methods. We took throat and nose swabs from healthy, employed persons with mandatory sanitary examinations and analyzed the presence of MRSA, between January 2011 and December 2012 in the District of Pomoravlje. Susceptibility of isolated strains to cefoxitin was investigated by using disc diffusion according to the recommendation of CLSI (Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute), and by E test. The presence of penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a) in Staphylococci was detected using latex agglutination Slidex ?MRSA Detection test. The gold standard, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, was used for detection of mecA gene and PVL gene, and typing of SCCmec region. Results. Our investigation showed that staphylococcal carrier state was present in 2.58% of 52,910 throat and nasal swabs, and in 50 of them (3.67%) MRSA was isolated. Among these MRSA, 2 (4%) isolates were PVL-positive. Conclusion. The prevalence of CAMRSA and the presence of PVL gene among healthy, employed population in the District of Pomoravlje were low. The values obtained in this study show that, our region is not significantly different from the other parts of our country, nor from the other European countries.

scholarly journals Prevalence and anti-microbial susceptibility pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus at a tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1371
Author(s):  
Rajalakshmi Ramesh ◽  
Padmavathi Karunakaran ◽  
Dhivya Govindasamy ◽  
Kamalavarshini Paramasivamsasanger ◽  
Prema Mariappan
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Phenotypic Methods ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Background: To study about the prevalence and anti-microbial susceptibility pattern of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).Methods: Totally 110 non-repetitive Staphylococcus aureus isolates were enrolled in this study. Isolates from different clinical specimens like pus and blood obtained from patients in tertiary care hospital and Staphylococcus aureus was identified by conventional phenotypic methods. Complete antibiotic susceptibility testing of all MRSA isolates was determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.Results: Out of 110 isolates of S. aureus 60 were found to be methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The prevalence of MRSA was 54%. Out of 60 isolates, male patients 37 (63%) and female patients are 22 (37%). Maximum numbers of isolates 25 (41.6%) were from the age group of 51 to 60 years. Among these 60 isolates, all of them were found to be resistant to penicillin and oxacillin. In contrast, 98% of the isolates were found to be sensitive to linezolid. The sensitivity to chloramphenicol 70%, co-trimoxazole 60%, amikacin 58%, clindamycin 43%, ciprofloxacin 38%, erythromycin 25%.Conclusions: The observed prevalence rate was 54%. Linezolid showed the best therapeutic outcome against MRSA. Active screening plays an important role in control of MRSA.

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