What's new in academic international medicine? The gender gap in emergency medicine

Background: It has been documented that women are under-represented as speakers at emergency medicine conferences globally. This lack of opportunity is likely contributing to the gender gap of women in academic and leadership positions. Methods: The Gender-Specific Issues Special Interest Group (GSI-SIG) of the International Federation of Emergency Medicine (IFEM) has analyzed the gender distribution of invited speakers, plenary speakers, and organizing committees from its last three International Conferences on Emergency Medicine in 2016, 2018, and 2019. Results: Men comprised 75% (range 57-92%) of organizing committees, 69% (67-70%) of plenary speakers, and 78% (range 75-81%) of invited speakers. Conclusion: The percentage of women speakers at the IFEM International Conferences on Emergency Medicine is low; even below the percentage of women emergency medicine physicians. By understanding these data and their consequences, changes can be made to close this gender gap and create more equitable opportunities for women and their career advancement.

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Peek at the glass ceiling: gender distribution of leadership among emergency medicine residency programs

Emergency Medicine Journal ◽

10.1136/emermed-2019-208951 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. emermed-2019-208951

Author(s):

Melissa Parsons ◽

Sara Krzyzaniak ◽

Alexandra Mannix ◽

Nicole Rocca ◽

Teresa M Chan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Medicine ◽

Gender Gap ◽

Department Chair ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Female Leadership ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gender Distribution ◽

Representation Of Women ◽

Role Modelling ◽

The Usa

BackgroundA gender gap in faculty rank at academic institutions exists; however, data among graduate medical education (GME) programmes are limited. There is a need to assess gender disparities in GME leadership, as a lack of female leadership may affect recruitment, role modelling and mentorship of female trainees. This cross-sectional study aimed to describe the current state of gender in programme leadership (department chair, programme director (PD), associate/assistant PD (APD) and clerkship director (CD)) at accredited Emergency Medicine (EM) programmes in the USA to determine whether a gender gap exists.MethodsA survey was distributed to EM residency programmes in the USA assessing demographics and gender distribution among programme leadership. If no response was received, information was collected via the programme’s website. Data were organised by position, region and length of the programme. We obtained data on the number of female EM physicians in practice and in training/fellowship in 2017 from the Association of American Medical Colleges. Data analysis was completed using descriptive statistics and χ2 analysis.ResultsOf the 226 programmes contacted, 148 responded to the survey (66.3%). Among US EM residency programmes, 11.2% of chairs, 34.6% of PDs, 40.5% of APDs and 46.5% of CDs are women. The percentage of female chairs is significantly lower than the percentage of women in practice or in training in EM. The percentage of female PDs did not differ from the percentage of women in practice or in training in EM. The percentage of female APDs and CDs was significantly higher than the percentage of women in practice but did not differ from the percentage in training. There was wide variability across regions. Four-year programmes had more women in PD and APD positions compared with 3-year programmes (p=0.01).ConclusionsWhile the representation of women in educational roles is encouraging, the number of women holding the rank of chairperson remains disproportionately low. Further studies are needed to evaluate reasons for this and strategies to increase gender equality in leadership roles.

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Gender disparity in speakers at a major academic emergency medicine conference

Emergency Medicine Journal ◽

10.1136/emermed-2019-208865 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. emermed-2019-208865 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Benjamin Partiali ◽

Sandra Oska ◽

Ross Benjamin Touriel ◽

Anthony Delise ◽

Antonio Barbat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Medicine ◽

Gender Gap ◽

Gender Disparity ◽

Gender Composition ◽

Substantial Portion ◽

Emergency Physicians ◽

Upward Trend ◽

Representation Of Women ◽

The World ◽

And Gender

BackgroundAlthough women make up a substantial portion of the workforce in emergency medicine, they remain under-represented in academia.MethodsThis study investigates trends in the representation of female speakers at the American College of Emergency Physicians scientific assembly—the largest academic emergency medicine conference in the world. Publication profiles, speaking duration and gender composition of speakers were collected and compared over a 3-year period.ResultsThe authors described increased representation of female speakers at the conference from 2016 to 2018, as well as an upward trend in women’s actual speaking time.ConclusionThis upward trend in women’s representation may translate to more opportunities for female engagement in academic emergency medicine. Despite the increasing representation of women, male speakers outnumbered female speakers all 3 years, demonstrating that a speaker gender gap persists in academic emergency medicine.

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A Bibliometric Analysis of Global Pediatric Emergency Medicine Research Networks

10.1101/2021.04.14.21255485 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Michael J Barrett ◽

Stuart Dalziel ◽

Mark Lyttle ◽

Ronan O'Sullivan

Keyword(s):

Emergency Medicine ◽

Bibliometric Analysis ◽

Gender Gap ◽

Web Of Science ◽

Pediatric Emergency ◽

High Impact ◽

Research Network ◽

Pediatric Emergency Medicine ◽

Research Networks ◽

Medicine Research

Objective: During the last three decades newly formed pediatric emergency medicine (PEM) research networks have been publishing research. A desire of these networks is to produce and disseminate research to improve patient health and outcomes. To quantitatively analyze and compare the literature by PEM research networks globally through numeric and visual bibliometrics. Methods: A bibliometric analysis of articles published from 1994 to 2019 (26 years) by authors from PEM research networks globally were retrieved using PubMed, Web of Science (Thompson Reuters) and accessing individual research network databases. Bibliometric analysis was performed utilizing Web of Science, VOSviewer and Dimensions. Research was quantified to ascertain the number of articles, related articles, citations and Altmetric attention score. Results: A total of 493 articles were published across nine research networks in three decades. Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network (PECARN) produced the most articles, citations, and h-index of all networks. We identified three main groupings of productive authors across the networks who collaborate globally. The gender of the first author was female in 46% of publications and the corresponding author(s) was female in 45%. A non-significant moderate positive correlation between the number of years publishing and the number of publications was identified. There was non-significant moderate negative association between the number of countries in a network and total publications per annum. Conclusions: This study is the first bibliometric analysis of publications from PEM research networks that collaborate globally. The gender gap in first authorship compared to high impact medical journals and high impact emergency medicine journals is narrower. Exploring the relationships of numerical bibliometric indicators and visualizations of productivity will benefit the understanding of the generation, reach and dissemination of PEM research within the global research community.

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The 2019–2020 novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) pandemic: A joint american college of academic international medicine-world academic council of emergency medicine multidisciplinary COVID-19 working group consensus paper

Journal of Global Infectious Diseases ◽

10.4103/jgid.jgid_86_20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 47 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

StanislawP Stawicki ◽

Rebecca Jeanmonod ◽

AndrewC Miller ◽

Lorenzo Paladino ◽

DavidF Gaieski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Medicine ◽

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Working Group ◽

Group Consensus ◽

Academic Council ◽

International Medicine ◽

Consensus Paper ◽

Novel Coronavirus

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Gender Differences in Attending Physicians' Feedback to Residents: A Qualitative Analysis

Journal of Graduate Medical Education ◽

10.4300/jgme-d-17-00126.1 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (5) ◽

pp. 577-585 ◽

Cited By ~ 67

Author(s):

Anna S. Mueller ◽

Tania M. Jenkins ◽

Melissa Osborne ◽

Arjun Dayal ◽

Daniel M. O'Connor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emergency Medicine ◽

Gender Bias ◽

Direct Observation ◽

Gender Gap ◽

Qualitative Content Analysis ◽

Faculty Members ◽

Male And Female ◽

Attending Physicians ◽

Practical Implications ◽

The Ideal

ABSTRACT Background Prior research has shown a gender gap in the evaluations of emergency medicine (EM) residents' competency on the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) milestones, yet the practical implications of this are not fully understood. Objective To better understand the gender gap in evaluations, we examined qualitative differences in the feedback that male and female residents received from attending physicians. Methods This study used a longitudinal qualitative content analysis of narrative comments by attending physicians during real-time direct observation milestone evaluations of residents. Comments were collected over 2 years from 1 ACGME-accredited EM training program. Results In total, 1317 direct observation evaluations with comments from 67 faculty members were collected for 47 postgraduate year 3 EM residents. Analysis of the comments revealed that the ideal EM resident possesses many stereotypically masculine traits. Additionally, examination of a subset of the residents (those with 15 or more comments, n = 35) showed that when male residents struggled, they received consistent feedback from different attending physicians regarding aspects of their performance that needed work. In contrast, when female residents struggled, they received discordant feedback from different attending physicians, particularly regarding issues of autonomy and assertiveness. Conclusions Our study revealed qualitative differences in the kind of feedback that male and female EM residents received from attending physicians. The findings suggest that attending physicians should endeavor to provide male and female residents with consistent feedback and guard against gender bias in their perceptions of residents' capabilities.

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