A comparative study on early treatment outcome and adverse drug reaction profile of two protease inhibitor-based antiretroviral regimens in human immunodeficiency virus patients at a tertiary care teaching hospital, Rajasthan

Drug hypersensitivity reactions specifically cutaenous adverse drug reaction (CADR) occur at higher rate in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)- positive patients than general population and cause significant morbidity, in early era of antiretroviral therapy (ART), the incidence of skin rashes can reach 50% in HIV patients taking HIV medications. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the pattern of CADR in HIV patients associated with ART. A retrospective study took data from medical record CADR in HIV patients associated with ART at HIV ward, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya, since January 2013 until December 2015. During the period of three years, there were 20 CADR patients in at HIV ward, Dr. Soetomo General Hospital Surabaya. The most common patient was male, with the highest age group of 25-44 years old, and the most clinical feature found were maculopapular rash, and Steven Johnson Syndrome (SJS). The most common antiviral therapy were nevirapine. The number of CADR in HIV patient associated with ART cases increased. The most clinical feature were maculopapular rash followed by SJS, only few cases of toxic epidermal necrolysis.

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Incidence and Predictors of Sever Adverse Drug Reactions Among Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.2.9264/v2 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Getiye Dejenu Kibret ◽

Tadesse Awoke Ayele ◽

Adino Tesfahun

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Adverse Drug Reaction ◽

Drug Reaction ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Adverse Drug Reactions ◽

Catchment Area ◽

Referral Hospital ◽

Drug Reactions ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Debre Markos

Abstract Background Due to its nature of chronicity and the trend of using more drugs for patients with HIV, antiretroviral toxicity becomes a major challenge of HIV management. Evidences revealed that magnitude of experiencing at least one form of drug toxicity in different setting have been reached up to 90% among patients on antiretroviral therapy. Objective The main aim of this study was to estimate the incidence and predictors of severe adverse drug reactions among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV) at Debre Markos Referral Hospital. Methods Retrospective follow up study with survival analysis was carried out among people living with Human Immunodeficiency virus. Mean survival time of the cohort was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. To model the relationship between explanatory variables and the time to adverse drug reaction, Cox-proportional hazard regression model was fitted. Results Out of the total 485 participants 67 (13.81%; 95% C.I: 10.7%, 16.8%) had experienced sever adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The incidence rate of severe adverse drug reaction development was 3 per 100-person years. Patients residing out of the catchment area to the facility were 73% at higher risk to develop ADR at any time, compared to those living within the catchment area (AHR=1.73; 95% C.I: 1.04, 2.86). The risk of ADRs among patients with baseline WHO clinical stage of III and IV was 2.59 times higher at any time compared to those with WHO stages I and II (95% C.I: 1.54, 4.36). Conclusion The incidence of adverse drug reactions was relatively lower than reported in different parts of Ethiopia and other African countries. However, the overall burden in the 10 years period was still high. Health professionals working in the ART clinic need to give special attention for patients coming from outside of catchment areas, commercial sex workers and drivers and patients on advanced WHO clinical stages to prevent ADR development among these groups.

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Cutaneous adverse drug reaction profile in a tertiary care out patient setting in Eastern India

Indian Journal of Pharmacology ◽

10.4103/0253-7613.103304 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 44 (6) ◽

pp. 792 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

NilayKanti Das ◽

Avijit Hazra ◽

RameshChandra Gharami ◽

SatyendraNath Chowdhury ◽

PijushKanti Datta ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adverse Drug Reaction ◽

Drug Reaction ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Eastern India ◽

Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reaction ◽

Reaction Profile

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In Vitro Effect of α1‐Acid Glycoprotein on the Anti‐Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Activity of the Protease Inhibitor CGP 61755: A Comparative Study with Other Relevant HIV Protease Inhibitors

The Journal of Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1086/520352 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 175 (5) ◽

pp. 1063-1070 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Janis K. Lazdins ◽

Jürgen Mestan ◽

Gerard Goutte ◽

Maja R. Walker ◽

Guido Bold ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Comparative Study ◽

Protease Inhibitor ◽

Protease Inhibitors ◽

Hiv Protease ◽

Hiv Protease Inhibitors ◽

Acid Glycoprotein ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Vitro Effect

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Incidence and Predictors of Sever Adverse Drug Reactions Among Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy at Debre Markos Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia

10.21203/rs.2.9264/v3 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Getiye Dejenu Kibret ◽

Tadesse Awoke Ayele ◽

Adino Tesfahun

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Adverse Drug Reaction ◽

Drug Reaction ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Adverse Drug Reactions ◽

Catchment Area ◽

Referral Hospital ◽

Drug Reactions ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Debre Markos

Abstract Background: Due to its nature of chronicity and the trend of using more drugs for patients with HIV, antiretroviral toxicity becomes a major challenge of HIV management. Evidences revealed that magnitude of experiencing at least one form of drug toxicity in different setting have been reached up to 90% among patients on antiretroviral therapy. The main aim of this study was to estimate the incidence and predictors of severe adverse drug reactions among People Living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV) at Debre Markos Referral Hospital. Methods: Retrospective follow up study with survival analysis was carried out among people living with Human Immunodeficiency virus. Mean survival time of the cohort was estimated using Kaplan-Meier method. To model the relationship between explanatory variables and the time to adverse drug reaction, Cox-proportional hazard regression model was fitted. Results: Out of the total 485 participants 67 (13.81%; 95% C.I: 10.7%, 16.8%) had experienced sever adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The incidence rate of severe adverse drug reaction development was 3 per 100-person years. Patients residing out of the catchment area to the facility were 73% at higher risk to develop ADR at any time, compared to those living within the catchment area (AHR=1.73; 95% C.I: 1.04, 2.86). The risk of ADRs among patients with baseline WHO clinical stage of III and IV was 2.59 times higher at any time compared to those with WHO stages I and II (95% C.I: 1.54, 4.36). Conclusion: The incidence of adverse drug reactions was relatively lower than reported in different parts of Ethiopia and other African countries. However, the overall burden in the 10 years period was still high. Health professionals working in the ART clinic need to give special attention for patients coming from outside of catchment areas, commercial sex workers and drivers and patients on advanced WHO clinical stages to prevent ADR development among these groups.

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