scholarly journals Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration (EUS-FNA) Diagnosis of Recurrent Anal Cancer after Chemoradiation and Negative Forceps Biopsies: A Case Report

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. CMO.S993
Author(s):  
Julia Leblanc ◽  
Pradermchai Kongkam
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Wall ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Dentate Line ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Endoscopic Biopsy ◽  
Rectal Mass ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

A 69-year-old woman with a history of uT2 N0 post-treated anal squamous cell cancer (SCC) presented for EUS for perianal pain. Two months prior, a digital rectal examination was significant for an indurated lesion on the left lateral rectal wall just proximal to the dentate line. A sigmoidoscopy revealed mild narrowing of the anal canal and an ulcerated friable mucosa in the same area. A biopsy demonstrated ulceration without malignancy. EUS showed a hypoechoic, non-circumferential, left-sided distal rectal mass. EUS-FNA was performed. Cytology demonstrated poorly differentiated SCC. This was confirmed by subsequent surgical resection. While endoscopic biopsy of suspected anal recurrences is usually sufficient, histologic or cytologic confirmation are necessary, as radiation-induced changes are difficult to differentiate from tumor recurrence. This case demonstrates that EUS-FNA is useful in surveillance of anal SCC when there is a high clinical suspicion of recurrence.

Abstract 127: Radiosurgery for Unruptured Intervention-Naïve Pediatric Brain Arteriovenous Malformations

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching-jen Chen ◽  
Cheng-Chia Lee ◽  
Hideyuki Kano ◽  
Kathryn Kearns ◽  
Dale Ding ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Endpoint ◽  
Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Study Cohort ◽  
Brain Arteriovenous Malformations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Pediatric Brain ◽  
Stroke Death

Background and Purpose: To evaluate, in a multicenter, retrospective cohort study, the outcomes after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for unruptured, intervention-naïve pediatric brain arteriovenous malformations (AVM). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the International Radiosurgery Research Foundation pediatric AVM database from 1987-2018. Pediatric patients with unruptured, previously untreated AVMs who underwent SRS were included. The primary endpoint was a composite of hemorrhagic stroke, death, or permanently symptomatic radiation-induced changes (RIC). Results: The study cohort comprised 101 patients (mean follow-up 80.8 months). The primary endpoint occurred in 14%, comprising hemorrhage stroke, death, and permanent RIC in 6%, 3%, and 8%, respectively. Estimated probabilities of the primary endpoint were 5.2%, 10.8%, and 23.0% at 2, 5, and 10 years, respectively (Figure 1). Estimated probabilities of AVM obliteration at 5 and 10 years were 64% and 82%, respectively (Figure 2). Single SRS treatment (p=0.007) and higher margin dose (p=0.005) were predictors of obliteration. Subgroup analysis of Spetzler-Martin grade I-III AVMs estimated primary endpoint probabilities of 3.7%, 8.4%, and 18.7% at 2, 5 and 10 years, respectively. Conclusion: Treatment of unruptured, intervention-naïve AVMs in the pediatric population with SRS carries an approximately 2% annual risk of morbidity and mortality, which appears to plateau after 10 years. The poorly described natural history of pediatric AVMs makes any comparison of SRS versus conservative management imperfect. However, due to the young age at diagnosis and excessive cumulative life hemorrhage risk of an untreated AVM in a child, SRS is likely to have a favorable long-term risk-benefit profile for appropriately selected unruptured pediatric AVMs.

scholarly journals Interval Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Rectum

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 396-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl Ramai ◽  
Kinesh Changela ◽  
Jonathan Lai ◽  
Ghulamullah Shahzad ◽  
Madhavi Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Rectal Wall ◽  
Screening Colonoscopy ◽  
Purulent Discharge ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Rectum ◽  
Abdominal Ct Scan ◽  
Rectal Mass ◽  
History Of

Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the rectum is a rare clinical entity with an incidence rate of 0.1–0.25% per 1,000 cases. Though its etiology and pathogenesis remains unclear, it has been associated with chronic inflammation and infections. Herein, we report a case of an 82-year-old female who presented with a 2-month history of worsening abdominal pain, hematochezia, and bilateral inguinal lymphadenopathy with right-sided purulent discharge. Two years prior, she had had an unremarkable screening colonoscopy which met all quality indicators. Abdominal CT scan showed an irregular rectal mass with bulky pelvic and retroperitoneal adenopathy. Colonoscopy revealed one large circumferential nonobstructing lesion in the rectum. Endoscopic ultrasound confirmed its origin from the rectal wall with an enlarged perirectal lymph node. Cold biopsy followed by histopathology revealed SCC of the rectum.

Effect of Prior Hemorrhage on Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformation Radiosurgery Outcomes

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale Ding ◽  
Chun-Po Yen ◽  
Robert M. Starke ◽  
Zhiyuan Xu ◽  
Jason P. Sheehan
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Knife Radiosurgery ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformation ◽  
Complete Obliteration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Prescription Dose ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Induced Changes

Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage is simultaneously the most frequent and most debilitating manifestation of intracranial arteriovenous malformations (AVM), but its impact on success and complications of radiosurgery has not been rigorously assessed. In this case-control study, we define the effect of prior hemorrhage on AVM radiosurgery outcomes. Methods: From a prospective, institutional database of 1,400 AVM patients treated with Gamma Knife radiosurgery, unruptured and ruptured AVMs were matched in a 1:1 fashion, blinded to outcome, based on patient demographics, prior embolization (26.6% of each cohort), AVM size (mean volume of unruptured AVMs 3.7 cm3 versus ruptured AVMs 3.5 cm3, p = 0.195), Spetzler-Martin grade (Grade I 17.0%, Grade II 37.8%, Grade III 34.8%, Grade IV 10.4% for each cohort), and radiosurgical treatment parameters (mean prescription dose for unruptured AVMs 20.9 Gy versus ruptured AVMs 21.0 Gy, p = 0.837). There were 270 patients in each cohort. Matched statistical analyses were used to compare the baseline characteristics, obliteration rates, post-radiosurgery latency period hemorrhage risks, and incidences of radiation-induced changes (RIC) between the two cohorts. Results: The actuarial obliteration rates of the two cohorts were similar (unruptured AVMs: 38, 58, and 76% at 3, 5, 10 years, respectively; ruptured AVMs: 40, 60, and 73% at 3, 5, 10 years, respectively; p = 0.592). However, for embolized AVMs, complete obliteration was more likely to be achieved in unruptured lesions (unruptured AVMs: 25, 32, and 54% at 3, 5, 10 years, respectively; ruptured AVMs: 18, 27, and 42% at 3, 5, 10 years, respectively; p = 0.038). Prior AVM rupture resulted in a higher annual risk of post-radiosurgery latency period hemorrhage (ruptured AVMs 2.3% versus unruptured AVMs 1.1%, p = 0.025) but a lower rate of cumulative and symptomatic RIC (cumulative RIC: ruptured AVMs 30.4% versus unruptured AVMs 48.9%, p < 0.0001; symptomatic RIC: ruptured AVMs 7.0% versus unruptured AVMs 12.2%, p = 0.041, respectively). The rates of permanent RIC were similar between the unruptured (2.2%) and ruptured (1.9%) AVM cohorts (p = 0.761). The mean time interval to onset of RIC (unruptured AVMs 13.3 months versus ruptured AVMs 12.1 months, p = 0.783), and the mean duration of RIC (unruptured AVMs 22.0 months versus ruptured AVMs 21.7 months, p = 0.599) were not significantly different between the two cohorts. Conclusions: Prior AVM rupture significantly alters the risk of latency period hemorrhage and RIC following radiosurgery. These effects should be taken into consideration with the multidisciplinary management of AVM patients. Radiosurgery does not significantly alter the natural history of the hemorrhage risks of unruptured and ruptured AVMs unless obliteration is achieved.

scholarly journals Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer to Thyroid Diagnosed by Endoscopic Ultrasound Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Technique

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Yousef Abdel-Aziz ◽  
Tariq Hammad ◽  
Mohamad Nawras ◽  
Hayder Abdulwahid ◽  
Ali Nawras
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Thyroid Nodule ◽  
Endoscopic Ultrasound ◽  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Renal Cell ◽  
Cell Cancer ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Right

Medical literature about the role of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in identifying thyroid lesions is limited. We present a case of secondary thyroid cancer from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastasis, diagnosed by thyroid EUS-fine needle aspiration (FNA) approach that was done for staging of esophageal adenocarcinoma, in a patient with 11-year history of complete right nephrectomy for RCC. An 81-year-old female patient underwent EUS for the evaluation of a newly discovered distal esophageal cancer. A hypoechoic, round, and well-demarcated mass that measured 26.9 mm × 21.9 mm was noticed in the right lobe thyroid gland. Therefore FNA was performed. The cytological results were consistent with metastatic RCC. In conclusion, EUS-FNA of thyroid nodule is a feasible and safe technique that can be used to evaluate any suspicious thyroid nodule. This case emphasizes the importance of carefully examining the thyroid gland during routine upper esophageal EUS examinations in the presence of history of nonthyroidal cancer.

scholarly journals Abdominopelvic Actinomycosis Associated With an Intrauterine Device and Presenting With a Rectal Mass and Hydronephrosis: A Troublesome Condition for the Clinician

2012 ◽  
Vol 97 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Yilmaz ◽  
Sami Akbulut ◽  
Emine Turkmen Samdanci ◽  
Sezai Yilmaz
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Rectal Wall ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Rectal Biopsy ◽  
Total Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽  
Histopathologic Evaluation ◽  
Rectal Mass ◽  
History Of ◽  
Device Use

Abstract Actinomycosis is an uncommon, chronic, granulomatous disease that can be mistaken for a malignant tumor. Abdominopelvic actinomycosis constitutes about 20% of all actinomycosis cases and may mimic malignancy, tuberculosis, or other abdominopelvic inflammatory diseases. This condition is more prevalent in women who use an intrauterine device. We treated a 44-year-old woman who presented with vaginal discharge, right flank pain, dysuria, and difficulty with defecation. She had anorexia and weight loss (8 kg) during the previous 2 months and had a history of intrauterine device use for 12 years. Clinical, radiologic, and endoscopic examinations revealed a rectal mass and right hydronephrosis. Rectal biopsy showed nonspecific colitis. Laparotomy showed a mass that was invading and obstructing the pelvic orifice. Surgery included total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, appendectomy, low anterior resection, and Hartmann colostomy. Histopathologic evaluation of surgical specimens showed actinomycosis originating from the tubo-ovarian structures and invading the rectal wall. The patient was placed on penicillin for 6 months, and then had closure of the colostomy with no complication.

Radiation-induced changes in fine needle aspiration (FNA) smears of the breast

Cytopathology ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 420-422
Author(s):  
CH. DESTOUNI ◽  
S. SKEVOUDI ◽  
A. VARDULI ◽  
K. KALUDIS ◽  
N. SALEM
Keyword(s):  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Plastic Food Packaging Materials: A Review

1993 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 991-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
RAINER BUCHALLA ◽  
CHRISTIAN SCHÜTTLER ◽  
KLAUS WERNER BÖGL
Keyword(s):  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Food Irradiation ◽  
Packaging Materials ◽  
Volatile Products ◽  
History Of ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
Physical Changes

Irradiation of prepackaged food causes chemical and physical changes in plastic packaging materials. The effects of ionizing radiation on these materials have been studied for almost 40 years; the respective literature is reviewed to provide the basis for a safety evaluation of plastics for use in food irradiation. Permeability of plastic films is generally not affected; deterioration of mechanical properties, that may occur with certain polymers, can usually be controlled with adequate stabilizers; and changes in infrared and UV/VIS spectra are slight at food irradiation doses. Gaseous radiolysis products include hydrogen, methane, CO2, CO, hydrocarbons, and for chlorine-containing polymers, hydrogen chloride. A range of volatile products, mainly hydrocarbons, alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids, has been characterized for low density polyethylene and polypropylene, other important materials, e.g., polystyrene and poly(vinyl chloride), are less well-investigated. Comparatively little is known on the effect of irradiation on multilayer structures. Radiation-induced changes are shown to depend on the chemical structure of the polymer, on the composition (additives) and processing history of the plastic, and on the irradiation conditions.

Radiation-induced changes in the breast: A potential diagnostic pitfall on fine-needle aspiration

1992 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean M. Dornfeld ◽  
Sophie K. Thompson ◽  
Muhammad S. Shurbaji ◽  
Vaidehi Kannan ◽  
Tilde S. Kline
Keyword(s):  
Fine Needle Aspiration ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Diagnostic Pitfall ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Induced Changes

scholarly journals 1399 Anorectal Melanoma: Can Be an Unexpected Diagnosis - A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Hagiga ◽  
M Shaaban ◽  
M Gultiaeva
Keyword(s):  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Dentate Line ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Incisional Biopsy ◽  
Anorectal Melanoma ◽  
Rare Tumour ◽  
History Of ◽  
Bleeding Per Rectum ◽  
Erectile Dysfunction Patient

Abstract Anorectal melanoma is a rare tumour. Few cases are reported in the literature. We report a case of 51 years old male complained of anal induration, itching and bloody and suppurative discharge. Patient had symptoms for 2 years. However, patient expected his symptoms are due to recurrence of haemorrhoids. Therefore, he presented late. Then, he had noticed a progressive increase in size, discharge and two opposing ulcers. Patient had no history of abdominal pain, change in bowel habits, bleeding per rectum, history of groin lumps, incontinence nor erectile dysfunction. Patient underwent haemorrhoidectomy about 11 years ago. On examination, there was a circumferential single ulcer eroding the anus extending deep to the dentate line reaching the rectum on digital rectal examination. Also, there was no inguinal lymphadenopathy detected on exam. Incisional biopsy of the ulcer showed anorectal melanoma. Patient had abdominoperineal resection (APR) with adjuvant radiotherapy. At 12 months follow up, there were no signs of recurrence.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document