scholarly journals Effect of Iron Fortified Wheat Flour on the Biology and Physiology of Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)

2010 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. IJIS.S5200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sohail Ahmed ◽  
Waqas Wakil ◽  
H.M. Salman Saleem ◽  
Mohammad Shahid ◽  
M. Usman Ghazanfar
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Developmental Time ◽  
Red Flour Beetle ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Larval Weight ◽  
Flour Beetle ◽  
Fortified Flour ◽  
And Control

Iron overload in the fortified flour can influence the life stages and physiology of the insects. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of commercially available premix iron fortified flour as well as effect of different concentrations of post-mix iron fortified flour (30–5 ppm) on biology of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Hebrst.). Larval and pupal duration, total developmental time, fecundity and larval weights in two consecutive generations of beetle were compared with control treatment. Amylase and protease activities of gut of the beetle were also measured in premix and postmix flours. Results showed that larval mortality increased in two sources of premix iron flour when compared with control. Larval weight was reduced in first generation only. The larval mortality was significantly higher in 30 ppm postmix iron fortified flour than in other postmix concentrations and control treatment. The larvae of T. castaneum fed on two sources of premix and in various concentrations of postmix iron fortified flour revealed an increase in amylases and decrease in protease activities.

scholarly journals Toxicity Of Fenvalerate On Larvae Of The Susceptible And Resistant Strains Of Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst)

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 27-31
Author(s):  
Saiful Islam Faruki ◽  
Rogena Yeasmin ◽  
Dipali Rani Das
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Synthetic Pyrethroid ◽  
Red Flour Beetle ◽  
Flour Beetle ◽  
Post Exposure ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Resistant Strains

Five-day old larvae of the susceptible (FSS-II) and organophosphorus-resistant (PH-I) strains of the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum were exposed under laboratory conditions to food treated with 100, 250, 500 and 1000 ppm of a synthetic pyrethroid Fenvalerate up to adult emergence. The larval mortality was assessed at 1-, 3-, 7- and 15-days post-exposure, and up to pupation. PH-I was found less susceptible to Fenvalerate than FSS-II which required 1.2 to 3.1 fold more insecticide to induce 50% mortality. The pyrethroid treatments significantly increased the larval and pupal periods (P<0⋅05) in both the strains and the formation of pupal and adult progenies was adversely affected (P<0⋅001). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v6i0.9717 JLES 2011 6: 27-31

scholarly journals Larvicidal Efficacies of Four Indigenous Plant Extracts Against Red Flour Beetle, Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-232
Author(s):  
Md Adnan Al Bachchu ◽  
Kismot Ara ◽  
Md Nizam Uddin ◽  
Roushan Ara
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Red Flour Beetle ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Flour Beetle ◽  
Indigenous Plant ◽  
Castor Plant

An investigation was carried out on the larvicidal efficacy of four indigenous plant extracts against the 6th instar larvae of red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) during the period of February to July 2016. The result revealed that all the four plant extracts were effective in checking insect infestation and had different toxic effects against the 6th instar larvae of red flour beetle. Average mortality indicated that castor plant extract showed the highest toxic effect (average mortality 57.78%) whereas the lowest toxicity (average mortality 27.46%) was found in the neem leaf extracts. The larval mortality significantly differed among all the concentrations of the plant extracts applied and the highest mortality (60.75%) was recorded in maximum concentration (10.61 mg/cm2) of the plant extract. No larval mortality was observed in untreated control up to 72 HATs. Mortality percentage was also observed directly proportional to the level of concentrations of plant extracts and to the exposure period. Probit analysis of larval mortality also revealed that the castor plant extract showed the highest toxicity at different time interval among all the plant extracts applied. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 43(2): 223-232, December 2017

scholarly journals Compatibility of some botanicals and the entomopathogenic fungus, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.), against the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Habib-ur Rehman ◽  
Amer Rasul ◽  
Muhammad Aslam Farooqi ◽  
Hafiz Muhammad Usman Aslam ◽  
Beenish Majeed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Red Flour Beetle ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Neem Extract ◽  
Flour Beetle ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Abstract Background The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), is a serious pest of stored grain commodities worldwide which results in considerable losses to stored wheat, Triticum aestivum (Linn.). Main body The present laboratory bioassay was carried out to examine the efficiency of the fungus, Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) formulation (Racer TM), and Neem extract (NE), Eucalyptus extract (EE), and Tobacco extract (TE) against 3rd instar larvae of T. castaneum. The fungal formulation was applied at 0.3 × 108, 0.6 × 108, and 0.9 × 108 conidia kg−1 of the crushed wheat grains; as well, it was mixed separately with 5% concentrations of each plant extract under the laboratory conditions of 30 ± 2 °C and 65 ± 5% RH. Mortality rate of the tested larvae was enumerated after regular intervals of times. Mortality of the larvae increased at the highest combined concentrations of the fungal conidial formulation and the plant extracts rather than their single treatments. The highest mortality rate of the larvae (71.32%) was recorded at the highest concentration binary mixture of (Racer TM +NE), whereas relatively the lowest mortality rate (15.54%) was enumerated in the combined treatments of (Racer TM +NE). Furthermore, the highest separate concentration of B. bassiana (0.9 × 108 conidia/ml) persistently resulted in more larval mortality (32.68%) of 3rd instar larvae of T. castaneum than the plant extracts (7.52, 9.89, and 14.61%), respectively. A noticeably greater rate of mycosis and sporulation was counted in the larvae of the insect in separate treatments of B. bassiana than in its combined applications with the plant extracts. The highest mycosis (85.13%) and sporulation (160.12 conidia/ml) was detected in the treatment, where the lowest concentration of B. bassiana (0.3 × 108 conidia/ml) was used, alone. Conclusion Hence, it was concluded that integrated use of these two bio-pesticides plus the fungus can be helpful in the integrated pest management program of T. castaneum.

A Novel Method for the Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) from Red Flour Beetle Tribolium castaneum (H.) using Headspace-SPME Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 404-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ihab Alnajim ◽  
Manjree Agarwal ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
YongLin Ren
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Chemical Signals ◽  
Red Flour Beetle ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Flour Beetle ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Spme Fibre

Background: The red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is one of the world’s most serious stored grain insect pests. A method of early and rapid identification of red flour beetle in stored products is urgently required to improve control options. Specific chemical signals identified as Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) that are released by the beetle can serve as biomarkers. Methods: The Headspace Solid Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME) technique and the analytical conditions with GC and GCMS were optimised and validated for the determination of VOCs released from T. castaneum. Results: The 50/30 μm DVB/CAR/PDMS SPME fibre was selected for extraction of VOCs from T. castaneum. The efficiency of extraction of VOCs was significantly affected by the extraction time, temperature, insect density and type of SPME fibre. Twenty-three VOCs were extracted from insects in 4 mL flask at 35 ± 1°C for four hours of extraction and separated and identified with gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. The major VOCs or chemical signals from T. castaneum were 1-pentadecene, p-Benzoquinone, 2-methyl- and p-Benzoquinone, 2-ethyl. Conclusion: This study showed that HS-SPME GC technology is a robust and cost-effective method for extraction and identification of the unique VOCs produced by T. castaneum. Therefore, this technology could lead to a new approach in the timely detection of T. castaneum and its subsequent treatment.

scholarly journals Woot, an Active Gypsy-Class Retrotransposon in the Flour Beetle, Tribolium castaneum, is Associated With a Recent Mutation

Genetics ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 143 (1) ◽  
pp. 417-426
Author(s):  
Richard W Beeman ◽  
M Scott Thomson ◽  
John M Clark ◽  
Marco A DeCamillis ◽  
Susan J Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Frameshift Mutation ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Red Flour Beetle ◽  
Intron Sequence ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Long Terminal Repeats ◽  
Flour Beetle ◽  
Reading Frames

Abstract A recently isolated, lethal mutation of the homeotic Abdominal gene of the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum is associated with an insertion of a novel retrotransposon into an intron. Sequence analysis indicates that this retrotransposon, named Woot, is a member of the gypsy family of mobile elements. Most strains of T. castaneum appear to harbor ~25-35 copies of Woot per genome. Woot is composed of long terminal repeats of unprecedented length (3.6 kb each), flanking an internal coding region 5.0 kb in length. For most copies of Woot, the internal region includes two open reading frames (ORFs) that correspond to the gag and pol genes of previously described retrotransposons and retroviruses. The copy of Woot inserted into Abdominal bears an apparent single frameshift mutation that separates the normal second ORF into two. Woot does not appear to generate infectious virions by the criterion that no envelop gene is discernible. The association of Woot with a recent mutation suggests that this retroelement is currently transpositionally active in at least some strains.

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