INFLUENCE OF PLANT DENSITY ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF 14C-LABELLED ASSIMILATE IN MAIZE AT FLOWERING
The distribution pattern of 14C-labelled assimilate in the flowering shoot of maize (Zea mays L.) grown in the field at three plant densities (50 000, 100 000 and 150 000 plants/ha) was determined by labelling with 14CO2 at 1 day after anthesis. Shoots were harvested 4 days later. Four leaf positions were fed 14CO2 at each density; relative to the ear leaf (EL), these were EL+4 (i.e. fourth leaf above ear leaf), EL+2, EL, and EL-2. At the lowest plant density EL-4 was also labelled. The dominant factor influencing assimilate distribution was the position of the assimilating leaf rather than plant density. Assimilate from upper leaves supplied the tassel, upper stem, and ear preferentially. Assimilate from lower leaves supplied the lower stem and ear. Among leaf positions the ear leaf supplied the greatest percentage of its assimilate (26% at 50 000 plants/ha and 19% at 150 000 plants/ha) to the developing cob (rachis plus grain initials). As density increased so did the proportion of labelled assimilate remaining in labelled leaves. Coefficients of variation, computed among individual plants, indicated that assimilate distribution to reproductive organs was more variable than that to vegetative organs and that this variability increased with planting density.