A PERCOLATION METHOD FOR MEASURING POTASSIUM-SUPPLYING POWER OF SOILS

1957 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. C. Matthews ◽  
J. A. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Exchangeable Potassium ◽  
Percolation Method ◽  
Perfusion Apparatus ◽  
Different Soils

An apparatus for continuous circulation of water through a soil sample and a cation exchange resin has been devised by modification of the Lees perfusion apparatus. The amount of exchangeable and non-exchangeable potassium released from the soil and adsorbed by the resin was found to correlate highly with the amount of potassium taken up by alfalfa grown continuously in the greenhouse (r = 0.91). The rate and amount of release differed for different soils and the rate of release showed little correlation with the original level of exchangeable potassium. It is suggested that the rate of release, i.e., potassium-supplying power, is a soil type characteristic and not a function of management or fertilization. The percolation method proposed will permit ready evaluation of the potassium-supplying power of Ontario soils.

Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrano[c]chromenes Using Carbon Microsphere Supported Copper Nanoparticles (Cu-NP/C) Prepared from Loaded Cation Exchange Resin as a Catalyst

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 288-293
Author(s):  
Yogesh W. More ◽  
Sunil U. Tekale ◽  
Nitishkumar S. Kaminwar ◽  
László Kótai ◽  
Tibor Pasinszki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Cation Exchange ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Exchange Resin ◽  
Cation Exchange Resin ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Carbon Microsphere ◽  
Catalytic Material ◽  
Operational Simplicity

Aim and Objective: The present study was performed with the aim to develop an efficient and environmentally benign protocol for the synthesis of biologically siginifcant 3, 4-dihydropyrano[c]chromenes using a new catalytic material. The protocol involves the use of a reusable, environment friendly materials and solvents with operational simplicity. Materials and Methods: Carbon microsphere supported copper nanoparticles (Cu-NP/C) prepared from loaded cation exchange resin were synthesized, characterized with well versed analytical techniques such as XRD, SEM and Raman spectroscopy and the synthesized material was used as a catalyst for the environmentally benign synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]chromenes. Results: The formation of carbon microsphere supported copper nanoparticles (Cu-NP/C) prepared from loaded cation exchange resin was confirmed by XRD, SEM and Raman spectroscopy which was employed as a heterogeneous material for the synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrano[c]chromenes. The products formed were characterized by the analysis of spectroscopic data - NMR, IR and mass. The safe catalytic system offers several advantages including operational simplicity, environmental friendliness, high yield, and reusability of catalyst and green chemical transformation. Conclusion: Herein we report an easy and efficient protocol for the one-pot synthesis of dihydropyrano[ c]chromenes using environmentally benign MCR approach in ethanol as the green solvent. The method developed herein constitutes a valuable addition to the existing methods for the synthesis of titled compounds.

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