Effect of Freeze Drying Condition of WO<sub>3</sub>/Tert-Butyl Alcohol Slurry on the Microstructural Characteristics of Porous Body

A thermodynamic model employing the UNIFAC (Dortmund) method was developed to determine the currently unavailable partial vapor pressures of the binary gas mixture of water and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) in equilibrium with their frozen solid mixtures. The results agree satisfactorily with the experimental data and indicate that TBA has higher vapor pressures which lead to higher total pressures at the moving interface that could result in larger total pressure gradients and convective mass transfer rates in the dried layer during primary drying. But the higher total pressures reduce the magnitude of the bulk diffusivity of the gas mixture and combined with the smaller Knudsen diffusivity of TBA could significantly impact the competing mass transfer mechanisms during freeze drying. Keywords: Freeze drying; Water and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA); UNIFAC (Dortmund); Partial vapor pressures; Convective flow and bulk and Knudsen diffusion

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Tert-butyl alcohol used to fabricate nano-cellulose aerogels via freeze-drying technology

Materials Research Express ◽

10.1088/2053-1591/aa72bc ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (6) ◽

pp. 065006 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Xiaoyu Wang ◽

Yang Zhang ◽

Hua Jiang ◽

Yuxuan Song ◽

Zhaobing Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Freeze Drying ◽

Butyl Alcohol ◽

Tert Butyl ◽

Tert Butyl Alcohol ◽

Nano Cellulose ◽

Drying Technology

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Insights from a Thermodynamic Study and Its Implications on the Freeze-Drying of Pharmaceutical Solutions Containing Water and tert-Butyl Alcohol as a Cosolvent

PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology ◽

10.5731/pdajpst.2018.009209 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 73 (3) ◽

pp. 247-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jee-Ching Wang ◽

Roberto Bruttini ◽

Athanasios I. Liapis

Keyword(s):

Freeze Drying ◽

Butyl Alcohol ◽

Thermodynamic Study ◽

Tert Butyl ◽

Tert Butyl Alcohol

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Freeze-Drying of tert-Butyl Alcohol/Water Cosolvent Systems: Effects of Formulation and Process Variables on Residual Solvents

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.1021/js9702832 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 87 (4) ◽

pp. 491-495 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Sakchai Wittaya-areekul ◽

Steven L. Nail

Keyword(s):

Freeze Drying ◽

Butyl Alcohol ◽

Process Variables ◽

Residual Solvents ◽

Tert Butyl ◽

Tert Butyl Alcohol ◽

Alcohol Water

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Thermodynamic and Kinetic Investigation of the Solvent Effect on the Oxidation of [Co(en)2SCH2COO]+ with S2O82- In Water-Methanol and Water-tert-Butyl Alcohol Mixtures

Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications ◽

10.1135/cccc19931001 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 58 (5) ◽

pp. 1001-1006 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Oľga Vollárová ◽

Ján Benko

Keyword(s):

Transfer Functions ◽

Activation Parameters ◽

Butyl Alcohol ◽

Oxidation Of Co ◽

Kinetics Of Oxidation ◽

Tert Butyl ◽

Tert Butyl Alcohol ◽

Alcohol Mixtures ◽

Kinetics Of

The kinetics of oxidation of [Co(en)2SCH2COO]+ with S2O82- was studied in water-methanol and water-tert-butyl alcohol mixtures. Changes in the reaction activation parameters ∆H≠ and ∆S≠ with varying concentration of the co-solvent depend on the kind of the latter, which points to a significant role of salvation effects. The solvation effect on the reaction is discussed based on a comparison of the transfer functions ∆Ht0, ∆St0 and ∆Gt0 for the initial and transition states with the changes in the activation parameters accompanying changes in the CO-solvent concentration. The transfer enthalpies of the reactant were obtained from calorimetric measurements.

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