scholarly journals Fungal Endophyte Production of Reactive Oxygen Species is Critical for Maintaining the Mutualistic Symbiotic Interaction BetweenEpichloë festucaeand Perennial Ryegrass

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 171-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry Scott ◽  
Daigo Takemoto ◽  
Aiko Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Symbiotic Interaction

scholarly journals Endophyte production of reactive oxygen species is critical for maintaining the mutualistic symbiotic interaction between Epichloe festucae and Pooid grasses

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 185-188
Author(s):  
A. Tanaka ◽  
M.J. Christensen ◽  
D. Takemoto ◽  
B. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Alternative Hypothesis ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Symbiotic Interaction ◽  
Wild Type Phenotype

Perennial ryegrass, tall fescue and meadow fescue infected with a noxA mutant defective in the ability to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), had a stunted phenotype and showed premature senescence. Microscopic observations of leaf tissue from perennial ryegrass and tall fescue showed a lack of regulated growth of mutant hyphae in these tissues with increasedv branching, growth and vascular colonisation. However, the fungal phenotype of noxA-infected meadow fescue was very similar to the wild-type phenotype suggesting that an increase in fungal biomass and vascular bundle colonisation is not necessarily a requirement for host stunting. An alternative hypothesis to explain the stunting phenotype is a breakdown in normal signaling between endophyte and host that is ROS dependent. Keywords: Epichloë festucae, Lolium perenne, NoxA, NADPH oxidase, reactive oxygen species (ROS)

scholarly journals Functional analysis of the Epichloe festucae-perennial ryegrass symbiosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 433-441
Author(s):  
B. Scott ◽  
D. Takemoto ◽  
A. Tanaka ◽  
C.A. Young ◽  
M.K. Bryant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Lolium Perenne ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Symbiotic Interaction ◽  
Neotyphodium Lolii

Although much is known about the beneficial and detrimental effects of the interaction between Neotyphodium lolii and Lolium perenne in the field comparatively little is known about the molecular and cellular events that underlie these effects and how mutualism is maintained. Because N. lolii is quite intractable to genetic analysis we have developed the synthetic association between Epichloë festucae and perennial ryegrass as our model experimental system to study the epichloë endophytegrass symbiotic interaction. Using this system we have recently shown that reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by a specific endophyte NADPH oxidase (NoxA) have a critical role in regulating hyphal growth and development in perennial ryegrass. We have also shown that two additional components, NoxR and RacA, are required to regulate ROS production to maintain a mutualistic interaction. Using a combined molecular and genetic approach we have recently cloned and characterised genes for peramine and lolitrem biosynthesis. An overview of these advances and the opportunities now available to better understand and exploit this important fungal-grass interaction is presented. Keywords: Epichloë festucae, Neotyphodium lolii, Lolium perenne, peramine, lolitrems, reactive oxygen species

scholarly journals Reactive Oxygen Species Play a Role in Regulating a Fungus–Perennial Ryegrass Mutualistic Interaction

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1052-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aiko Tanaka ◽  
Michael J. Christensen ◽  
Daigo Takemoto ◽  
Pyoyun Park ◽  
Barry Scott
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Mutualistic Interaction

scholarly journals Reactive Oxygen Species and Nitric Oxide Control Early Steps of the Legume – Rhizobium Symbiotic Interaction

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Damiani ◽  
Nicolas Pauly ◽  
Alain Puppo ◽  
Renaud Brouquisse ◽  
Alexandre Boscari
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Symbiotic Interaction

Mitochondria as a source of reactive oxygen species

2009 ◽  
pp. c3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena M. Cochemé ◽  
Michael P. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species

Clinical aspects of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 121-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ascan Warnholtz ◽  
Maria Wendt ◽  
Michael August ◽  
Thomas Münzel
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Vascular Tissue ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
No Production ◽  
Oxygen Species

Endothelial dysfunction in the setting of cardiovascular risk factors, such as hypercholesterolaemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and chronic smoking, as well as in the setting of heart failure, has been shown to be at least partly dependent on the production of reactive oxygen species in endothelial and/or smooth muscle cells and the adventitia, and the subsequent decrease in vascular bioavailability of NO. Superoxide-producing enzymes involved in increased oxidative stress within vascular tissue include NAD(P)H-oxidase, xanthine oxidase and endothelial nitric oxide synthase in an uncoupled state. Recent studies indicate that endothelial dysfunction of peripheral and coronary resistance and conductance vessels represents a strong and independent risk factor for future cardiovascular events. Ways to reduce endothelial dysfunction include risk-factor modification and treatment with substances that have been shown to reduce oxidative stress and, simultaneously, to stimulate endothelial NO production, such as inhibitors of angiotensin-converting enzyme or the statins. In contrast, in conditions where increased production of reactive oxygen species, such as superoxide, in vascular tissue is established, treatment with NO, e.g. via administration of nitroglycerin, results in a rapid development of endothelial dysfunction, which may worsen the prognosis in patients with established coronary artery disease.

Fas ligand expression in rat kupffer cells in response to lipopolysaccharide is mediated by reactive oxygen species

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A361-A361
Author(s):  
K UCHIKURA ◽  
T WADA ◽  
Z SUN ◽  
S HOSHINO ◽  
G BULKLEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Kupffer Cells ◽  
Fas Ligand ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Ligand Expression
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