Hantavirus Infections with Renal Involvement do not Result in Chronic Renal Disease or End-stage Renal Failure

2018 ◽  
Vol 01 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clement Jan ◽  
Kuypers Dirk ◽  
Meijers Bjorn ◽  
Van Ranst Marc
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Chronic Renal Disease ◽  
Renal Involvement ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
End Stage

scholarly journals Chronic Renal Failure, Cachexia, and Ghrelin

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Laviano ◽  
Z. Krznaric ◽  
K. Sanchez-Lara ◽  
I. Preziosa ◽  
A. Cascino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Chronic Renal Disease ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Protein Energy Wasting ◽  
Protein Energy ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Protein energy wasting is frequently observed in patients with advanced chronic renal failure and end-stage renal disease. Anorexia and reduced food intake are critical contributing factors and negatively impact on patients' survival. Ghrelin is a prophagic peptide produced by the stomach and acting at the hypothalamic level to increase the activity of orexigenic neurons. In patients with chronic renal disease, plasma levels are increased as a likely effect of reduced renal clearance. Nevertheless, patients' food intake is significantly reduced, suggesting inflammation-mediated resistance of hypothalamic nuclei to peripheral signals. A number of forms of evidence show that ghrelin resistance could be overcome by the administration of exogenous ghrelin. Therefore, ghrelin has been proposed as a potential strategy to improve food intake in chronic renal failure patients with protein energy wasting. Preliminary data are encouraging although larger prospective clinical trials are needed to confirm the results and to identify those patients who are likely to benefit most from the administration of exogenous ghrelin.

Renal failure

2019 ◽  
pp. 547-560
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Symptom Management ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Palliative Care Services ◽  
End Stage

This chapter describes the issues associated with providing palliative care to patients with renal failure, and covers initiation of renal replacement therapy, conservative treatment, symptom management for patients with advanced renal disease, and issues surrounding stopping renal replacement therapy. As obesity and diabetes increase, so does the incidence of chronic renal disease and end-stage renal failure. Determining the exact number of patients dying of renal failure is challenging. Often the cause of death will be ascribed to an associated contributing factor, e.g. diabetes mellitus, or the final acute event resulting in death, e.g. myocardial infarction. However, we know that renal failure is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is associated with a high all-cause mortality.1 In addition, patients with end-stage renal failure have a significant symptom burden and therefore it is important that patients have access to palliative care services to assist with symptom management, advanced care planning, and, where appropriate, decisions around dialysis and transplantation.

Serious Renal Disease in Egypt

1995 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 254-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Essamie ◽  
A. Soliman ◽  
T.M.S. Fayad ◽  
S. Barsoum ◽  
C.M. Kjellstrand
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type Ii ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Postrenal Failure ◽  
End Stage ◽  
The University

We studied serious renal disease in Egypt by registering all 155 patients coming to the nephrology service at the University of Cairo during a period of 62 days in 1993. The patients presented with severe uremic symptoms. Admission creatinine and urea levels were high, 804 μmol/l and 64 mmol/l. Fifteen percent of the patients died; 115 underwent dialysis. Sixty patients presented with chronic renal failure; 53 with acute renal failure, but 24 of these were later found to have end-stage renal failure. Of 29 patients with true acute renal failure, 11 (38%) had pre-renal failure and 7 (24%) postrenal failure. Twenty-one patients were followed up after transplantation and chronic dialysis, another 17 had nephrotic syndrome, 3 hypertension, and one had asymptomatic urinary abnormalities. The most common specific etiology for chronic end-stage renal failure was diabetes mellitus type II in the older patients; second most common was Schistosoma in the younger ones. Most diabetic patients came from the city. All but one Schistosoma patient came from rural Egypt. In the 22 patients who underwent renal biopsy the most common diagnosis was mesangio capillary glomerulonephritis. The prevalence of acute renal failure, particularly iatrogenic-toxic, is increasing

scholarly journals Cystic Renal Disease in Children: A Broad Spectrum from Simple Cyst to End Stage Renal Failure

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 239-243
Author(s):  
Neslihan Cicek ◽  
◽  
Nurdan Yildiz ◽  
Tugba Nur Dasar ◽  
Ibrahim Gokce ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Simple Cyst ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Cystic Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

The Effect of Somatostatin on the Hormonal Abnormalities of End Stage Renal Disease

1981 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Thomas G Murray ◽  
Carol Eisen ◽  
Morris Grabie ◽  
Ellen Buerklin ◽  
Barry R Walker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Patients with end stage renal disease who are maintained on haemodialysis have elevated levels of many hormones, some of which may play a role in the pathogenesis of the complications of uraemia. The infusion of synthetic somatostatin reduces the circulating level of many of these same hormones in patients with normal renal function. If the elevated hormone levels in dialysis patients could be similarly lowered, study of the pathogenitic significance of the various hormonal abnormalities would be facilitated. With this in mind, the effect of synthetic somatostatin on the circulating level of growth hormone, glucagon, insulin, gastrin, parathyroid hormone, and thyroid stimulating hormone in dialysis patients was investigated. In pilot protocol, a dose of 2 mg of somatostatin infused over 24, 18, or 12 hours (two patients each) was found to have no effect on any hormonal level. Infusion of 2 mg of somatostatin over 4 hours, however, was associated with consistent fall in the level of growth hormone (13.6 ± 6.2 to 6.53 ± 2.9, p = 0.15) and glucagon (595.0 ± 73 to 441 ± 28, p < 0.05) in each of four patients. The percentage change in the level of growth hormone and glucagon during the 4-hour somatostatin infusion was significantly different from the change occurring during a 4-hour timed control period (growth hormone —45 ± 18% vs +9 ± 7%, [p < 0.05]), (glucagon −27% ± 2% vs + 8 ± 2%, [p < 0.01]). There was no change in the level of any other hormone during the 4-hour infusion. No significant adverse effects were seen. This study suggests that the intravenous infusion of somatostatin can, at least on an acute basis, lower the level of growth hormone and glucagon in patients with end stage renal failure; and, therefore, it may be useful in further study and possibly the treatment of the hormonal abnormalities of end stage renal disease.

scholarly journals Smoking as a risk factor for end-stage renal failure in men with primary renal disease

1998 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 926-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan R. Orth ◽  
Axel Stöckmann ◽  
Christian Conradt ◽  
Eberhard Ritz ◽  
M. Ferro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
Primary Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage

Predictors of Renal Recovery in Australian and New Zealand end-Stage Renal Failure Patients Treated with Peritoneal Dialysis

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Maree S. Craven ◽  
Carmel M. Hawley ◽  
Stephen P. McDonald ◽  
Johan B. Rosman ◽  
Fiona G. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Renal Replacement Therapy ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Patient Death ◽  
Cortical Necrosis ◽  
End Stage Renal Failure ◽  
End Stage

Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting recovery and durability of dialysis-independent renal function following commencement of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Design Retrospective, observational cohort study of the Australian and New Zealand PD patient population. Setting Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant (ANZDATA) Registry. Participants The study reviewed all patients in Australia and New Zealand who commenced PD for treatment of end-stage renal failure between 15 May 1963 and 31 December 2004. Main Outcome Measures The primary outcomes examined were recovery of dialysis-independent renal function and time from PD commencement to recovery of renal function. A secondary outcome measure was time to renal death (patient death or recommencement of renal replacement therapy) following recovery of dialysis-independent renal function. Results 24663 patients commenced PD during the study period. Of these, 253 (1%) recovered dialysis-independent renal function. An increased likelihood of recovery was predicted by autoimmune renal disease, hemolytic-uremic syndrome, paraproteinemia, cortical necrosis, renovascular disease, and treatment in New Zealand. A reduced likelihood of recovery was associated with polycystic kidney disease and indigenous race. Analysis of a contemporary subset of 14743 patients in whom complete data were available for body mass index, smoking, and comorbidities yielded comparable results, except that increasing age was additionally associated with a decreased likelihood of recovery. Of the 253 patients who recovered renal function, 151 (60%) recommenced renal replacement therapy and 49 (19%) died within a median period of 226 days (interquartile range 110 – 581 days). The only significant predictors of continued renal survival after renal recovery were autoimmune renal disease and cortical necrosis. Conclusions Recovery of renal function in patients treated with PD is rare and determined mainly by renal disease type and race. In the majority of cases, recovery is short term. The apparently high rate of early patient death or return to dialysis after recovery of renal function on PD raises questions about the appropriateness of discontinuing PD therapy under such circumstances.

Bilateral Renal Oncocytosis With Renal Failure

2001 ◽  
Vol 125 (5) ◽  
pp. 683-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xavier Leroy ◽  
Laurent Lemaitre ◽  
Alexandre De La Taille ◽  
Marc Hazzan ◽  
Bruno Delepaul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage Renal Disease ◽  
Renal Involvement ◽  
Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
The Right ◽  
Stage Renal Disease ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Renal Oncocytosis

Abstract Oncocytosis is a term recently used to describe diffuse renal involvement by numerous oncocytic nodules. We report herein a case of a 53-year-old man with end-stage renal disease requiring hemodialysis. His kidneys were involved by numerous tumors. Histologic examination revealed more than 100 oncocytomas and an associated papillary renal cell carcinoma in the right kidney.

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