scholarly journals Impact of Population Structure, Growth Habit and Seedling Ecology on Regeneration of <i>Embelia ribes</i> Burm. f. —Approaches toward a Quasi <i>in Situ</i> Conservation Strategy

2013 ◽  
Vol 04 (06) ◽  
pp. 28-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhavala Annapurna ◽  
Ashutosh Srivastava ◽  
Trilok Singh Rathore
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Embelia Ribes ◽  
Seedling Ecology

scholarly journals AUTOCHTHONOUS BREEDS OF DOMESTIC ANIMALS AND CONSERVATION MEASURES

AGROFOR ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoran MALETIC
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Animal Genetic Resources ◽  
Diversity Preservation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
International Conventions

Recently, highly productive breeds of various species of domestic animals have been used in livestock production, which has resulted in the destruction of indigenous breeds of domestic animals around the world, even in our area. This is the first reason why indigenous races and strains have been endangered. Another reason is that domestic, indigenous breeds were crossed with specialized breeds, which were imported, and in that way their genetic diversity was negatively affected. Resistance is lost, adaptation to the conditions in which they were created, the ability to survive in nature. Indigenous breeds of different species of domestic animals, which are recognized in the Republic of Srpska (BiH) are gatačko cattle and buša (cattle), Vlašić pramenka, Podveleška pramenka, Kupres pramenka (sheep), domestic Balkan horned goat (goats), Bosnian mountain horse (horses), mangulica (pigs) and pogrmuša hen or živičarka hen (poultry). By acceding to international conventions, BiH /Republic of Srpska has committed itself to establishing a system of measures that will enable the conservation of biological diversity and the protection of indigenous and endangered breeds of domestic animals. The choice of a strategy for the conservation of diversity, the establishment of an adequate conservation scheme, and the implementation of a conservation strategy are some of the key elements of any process for the conservation of genetic diversity. Preservation of autochthonous and protected breeds of domestic animals is possible through preservation in the original environment (in situ) and preservation outside the original environment (ex situ). There is a possibility of combining these models of conservation of animal genetic resources.

scholarly journals RAD-Seq Analysis and in situ Monitoring of Nassau Grouper Reveal Fine-Scale Population Structure and Origins of Aggregating Fish

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krista D. Sherman ◽  
Josephine R. Paris ◽  
Robert Andrew King ◽  
Karen A. Moore ◽  
Craig P. Dahlgren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Fine Scale ◽  
Nassau Grouper ◽  
Scale Population

scholarly journals In situ and ex situ conservation gap analyses of crop wild relatives from Malawi

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nolipher Khaki Mponya ◽  
Tembo Chanyenga ◽  
Joana Magos Brehm ◽  
Nigel Maxted
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Crop Wild Relatives ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Grid Cells ◽  
Ex Situ Collections ◽  
Minimum Number

Abstract The study analysed the conservation gaps of the priority crop wild relatives (CWR) taxa for Malawi in order to contribute to the development of a harmonized conservation strategy that helps secure the priority CWR under in situ and ex situ. We used taxa distribution modelling, complementarity analysis and ecogeographic land characterization map to analyse spatial diversity and distribution of 123 priority taxa across different adaptive scenarios. We identified areas of observed and predicted richness, the minimum number of protected areas (PAs) that conserve the broadest ecogeographic diversity in situ and the minimum number of grid cells that capture highest diversity outside PAs to recommend the establishment of genetic reserves. We then analysed the representativeness of the conserved ecogeographic diversity of target taxa in ex situ collections to identify ex situ conservation gaps and advise for priority areas for ex situ collections. For the 123 taxa, 70.7% of the total diversity occurs in 36 PAs with 66.8% of the diversity captured in only 10 complementary PAs. Outside PAs, the broadest diversity was conserved in three grid cells of size 5 × 5 km. Fifty-three of 123 taxa have ex situ collections with only three taxa having ex situ collections at the Malawi Plant Genetic Resources Centre. The findings of this study will guide formulation of conservation actions for the priority taxa as well as lobbying for active conservation of the same under in situ and ex situ.

scholarly journals Population Structure and Morphotype Analysis of “CandidatusAccumulibacter” Using FluorescenceIn SituHybridization-Staining-Flow Cytometry

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Li ◽  
Wei Zeng ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Yu Guo ◽  
Yongzhen Peng
Keyword(s):  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Fish Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Denitrifying Phosphorus Removal ◽  
Optimal Method ◽  
Total Bacteria

ABSTRACT“CandidatusAccumulibacter” is the dominant polyphosphate-accumulating organism (PAO) in denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPR) systems. In order to investigate the community structure and clade morphotypes of “CandidatusAccumulibacter” in DPR systems through flow cytometry (FCM), denitrifying phosphorus removal of almost 100% using nitrite and nitrate as the electron acceptor was achieved in sequencing batch reactors (SBRs). An optimal method of flow cytometry combined with fluorescencein situhybridization and SYBR green I staining (FISH-staining-flow cytometry) was developed to quantify PAOs in DPR systems. By setting the width value of FCM, bacterial cells in a sludge sample were divided into three groups in different morphotypes, namely, coccus, coccobacillus, and bacillus. Average percentages that the three different PAO populations accounted for among total bacteria from SBR1 (SBR2) were 42% (45%), 14% (13%), and 4% (2%). FCM showed that the ratios of PAOs to total bacteria in the two reactors were 61% and 59%, and the quantitative PCR (qPCR) results indicated that IIC was the dominant “CandidatusAccumulibacter” clade in both denitrifying phosphorus removal systems, reaching 50% of the total “CandidatusAccumulibacter” bacteria. The subdominant clade in the reactor with nitrite as the electron acceptor was IID, accounting for 31% of the total “CandidatusAccumulibacter” bacteria. The FCM and qPCR results suggested that clades IIC and IID were both coccus, clade IIF was coccobacillus, and clade IA was bacillus. FISH analysis also indicated that PAOs were major cocci in the systems. An equivalence test of FCM-based quantification confirmed the accuracy of FISH-staining-flow cytometry, which can meet the quantitative requirements for PAOs in complex activated sludge samples.IMPORTANCEAs one group of the most important functional phosphorus removal organisms, “CandidatusAccumulibacter,” affiliated with theRhodocyclusgroup of theBetaproteobacteria, is a widely recognized and studied PAO in the field of biological wastewater treatment. The morphotypes and population structure of clade-level “CandidatusAccumulibacter” were studied through novel FISH-staining-flow cytometry, which involved denitrifying phosphorus removal (DPR) achieving carbon and energy savings and simultaneous removal of N and P, thus inferring the different denitrifying phosphorus removal abilities of these clades. Additionally, based on this method,in situquantification for specific polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (PAOs) enables a more efficient process and more accurate result. The establishment of FISH-staining-flow cytometry makes cell sorting of clade-level noncultivated organisms available.

scholarly journals Black poplar: A model for gene resource conservation in forest ecosystems

2001 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Lefèvre ◽  
Davorin Kajba ◽  
Berthold Heinze ◽  
Peter Rotach ◽  
Sven M. G. de Vries ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Populus Nigra ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Riparian Ecosystems ◽  
Conservation Of Genetic Resources ◽  
The Subject

Conservation of genetic resources of forest trees has become a major objective for the management of forests. Much theoretical work has been devoted to the subject, and implementation has already started at the local, national, or international scales. Poplars are probably the most representative and threatened forest tree species of old natural floodplain forests in the temperate zone. Gene conservation needs to be integrated with intensive breeding activities, habitat conservation and restoration. For Populus nigra, while research in genetics and ecology is reinforced, a combined conservation strategy is applied at the European scale; simultaneously, the conservation of riparian ecosystems is also a priority. Research and application benefit from each other. The question now is the evaluation of such an integrated strategy. Criteria and indicators for the follow-up of gene resource management are progressively developed, but still need to be tested on the operational scale. Key words: Populus nigra, poplar, gene resources, in situ conservation, ex situconservation, riparian ecosystem, sustainable management

Genetic diversity and population structure of Vigna exilis and Vigna grandiflora (Phaseoleae, Fabaceae) from Thailand based on microsatellite variation

Botany ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 653-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anochar Kaewwongwal ◽  
Arunee Jetsadu ◽  
Prakit Somta ◽  
Sompong Chankaew ◽  
Peerasak Srinives
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Population Structure ◽  
Allelic Richness ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
In Situ Conservation ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Microsatellite Variation ◽  
Genetic Clusters ◽  
Simple Sequence

The objective of this research was to determine the genetic diversity and population structure of natural populations of two rare wild species of Asian Vigna (Phaseoleae, Fabaceae), Vigna exilis Tateishi & Maxted and Vigna grandiflora (Prain) Tateishi & Maxted, from Thailand. Employing 21 simple sequence repeat markers, 107 and 85 individuals from seven and five natural populations of V. exilis and V. grandiflora, respectively, were analyzed. In total, the markers detected 196 alleles for V. exilis and 219 alleles for V. grandiflora. Vigna exilis populations showed lower average values in number of alleles, allelic richness, observed heterozygosity, gene diversity, and outcrossing rate than V. grandiflora populations, namely 58.00% versus 114.60%, 51.96% versus 74.80%, 0.02% versus 0.18%, 0.40% versus 0.66%, and 3.24% versus 17.41%, respectively. Pairwise FST among populations demonstrated that V. exilis was much more differentiated than V. grandiflora. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 41.83% and 15.06% of total variation resided among the populations of V. exilis and V. grandiflora, respectively. Seven and two genetic clusters were detected for V. grandiflora and V. exilis by STRUCTURE analysis. Our findings suggest that different strategies are required for in situ conservation of the two species. All V. exilis populations, or as many as possible, should be conserved to protect genetic resources of this species, while a few V. grandiflora populations can capture the majority of its genetic variation.

scholarly journals Phytoplankton Biomass and the Hydrodynamic Regime in NEOM, Red Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2082
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Papagiannopoulos ◽  
Dionysios Raitsos ◽  
Georgios Krokos ◽  
John Gittings ◽  
Robert Brewin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Northwestern Part ◽  
Local Circulation ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Under Construction

NEOM (short for Neo-Mustaqbal) is a $500 billion coastal city megaproject, currently under construction in the northwestern part of the Red Sea, off the coast of Tabuk province in Saudi Arabia, and its success will rely on the preservation of biodiverse marine ecosystems. Monitoring the variability of ecological indicators, such as phytoplankton, in relation to regional environmental conditions, is the foundation for such a goal. We provide a detailed description of the phytoplankton seasonal cycle of surface waters surrounding NEOM using satellite-derived chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) observations, based on a regionally-tuned product of the European Space Agency’s Ocean Colour Climate Change Initiative, at 1 km resolution, from 1997 to 2018. The analysis is also supported with in situ cruise datasets and outputs of a state-of-the-art high-resolution hydrodynamic model. The open waters of NEOM follow the oligotrophic character of the Northern Red Sea (NRS), with a peak during late winter and a minimum during late summer. Coral reef-bound regions, such as Sindala and Sharma, are characterised by higher Chl-a concentrations that peak during late summer. Most of the open waters around NEOM are influenced by the general cyclonic circulation of the NRS and local circulation features, while shallow reef-bound regions are more isolated. Our analysis provides the first description of the phytoplankton seasonality and the oceanographic conditions in NEOM, which may support the development of a regional marine conservation strategy.

Strategies for conservation of germplasm in endemic redwoods in the face of climate change: a review

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Phenotypic Traits ◽  
Coast Redwood ◽  
Giant Sequoia ◽  
The Face

This study reviews the various conservation strategies applied to the four redwood species, namely coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens), Sierra redwood or giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum), dawn redwood (Metasequoia glyptostroboides) and South American redwood or alerce (Fitzroya cupressoides), which are endemic in the USA, China and South America, respectively. All four redwood genera belong to the family Cupressaceae; they are monospecific, share a number of common phenotypic traits, including red wood, and are threatened in their native ranges due to human activity and a changing climate. Therefore, the management objective should be to conserve representative populations of the native species with as much genetic diversity as possible for their future survival. Those representative populations exhibiting relatively high levels of genetic diversity should be selected for germplasm preservation and monitored during the conservation phase by using molecular markers. In situ and ex situ strategies for the preservation of germplasm of the redwoods are discussed in this study. A holistic in situ gene conservation strategy calls for the regeneration of a large number of diverse redwood genotypes that exhibit adequate levels of neutral and adaptive genetic variability, by generative and vegetative methods for their preservation and maintenance in their endemic locations. At the same time, it would be desirable to conserve the redwoods in new ex situ reserves, away from their endemic locations with similar as well as different environmental conditions for testing their growth and survival capacities. In addition, other ex situ strategies involving biotechnological approaches for preservation of seeds, tissues, pollen and DNA in genebanks should also be fully exploited in the face of global climate change.

Assessing the potential of labelling schemes for in situ landrace conservation: an example from India

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
VIJESH V. KRISHNA ◽  
UNAI PASCUAL ◽  
DAVID ZILBERMAN
Keyword(s):  
Opportunity Cost ◽  
South India ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Price Premium ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Wide Margin ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
Agrobiodiversity Conservation ◽  
Labelling Schemes

ABSTRACTThis paper addresses the potential of in situ crop landrace conservation, employing market-based instruments, which pre-requires that (1) consumers hold positive use-value for the landrace attribute and (2) their willingness to pay covers both the transaction cost of implementing these instruments and the opportunity cost of landrace cultivation. The empirical examination is based on two closely related analyses of eggplant production and consumption sectors of India. At present, the vegetable markets of south India provide the landrace cultivators with a price premium adequate enough to cover the opportunity cost of not opting for high-yielding modern varieties. However, we detect an underutilized consumer demand for landrace products. The wide margin that exists between the price premium farmers currently obtain for the landrace attribute and what consumers are willing to pay for it is indicative of the unexploited potential of labelling and certification schemes as an emerging agrobiodiversity conservation strategy.

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