scholarly journals Assessments of Some Simultaneous Equation Estimation Techniques with Normally and Uniformly Distributed Exogenous Variables

2015 ◽  
Vol 06 (11) ◽  
pp. 1902-1912
Author(s):  
O. O. Alabi ◽  
B. A. Oyejola
Keyword(s):  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Exogenous Variables ◽  
Estimation Techniques ◽  
Simultaneous Equation Estimation

scholarly journals The IPO initial returns-aftermarket risk question revisited: evidence from firms in Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-24
Author(s):  
Fong-Yi Shen ◽  
Yeong-Jia Goo
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Equation System ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Structural Form ◽  
Exogenous Variables ◽  
Endogenous Variables ◽  
Simultaneous Equation Estimation ◽  
Three Stage Least Squares

The purpose of this study is to utilize the Three Stage Least Squares (3SLS) of the simultaneous equation estimation approach to revisit the possible cross relationship between IPO initial returns and aftermarket risk. A structural form equation system of IPO initial returns and aftermarket risk equations is estimated first to obtain the structural form coefficients. The analytically derived reduced form coefficients are then calculated to analyze the net effects of each exogenous variable on two endogenous variables. Major findings of this study are as follows. First, the signs of net effects of all exogenous variables on IPO initial returns and aftermarket risk are the same. In other words, any change in exogenous variables, IPO initial returns and IPO aftermarket risk will change in the same direction, i.e., the higher (lower) the IPO initial returns, the higher (lower) the IPO aftermarket risk. Second, the less the degree of corporate governance, the higher the IPO initial returns and aftermarket risk. Third, the higher the market risk or return before IPO, the higher the IPO initial returns and aftermarket risk.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY AND POVERTY ASSESSMENT IN INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-97
Author(s):  
Fitri Kartiasih ◽  
Wanda Pribadi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Exogenous Variables ◽  
Literacy Rate ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Poverty Assessment

Poverty is both a cause and a victim of deteriorating environmental quality. The poor are regarded as very dependent on the environment and natural resources in sustaining their lives so that the environment and natural resources are exploited regardless of their sustainability. On the other hand, environmental degradation causes the poor to get out of poverty. This study aims to (1) analyze the general picture of environmental quality and poverty, (2) analyze the effect of poverty on the environment, (3) analyze the effect of environmental quality on poverty along with other supporting factors in Indonesia 2012-2014. The analytical method used is simultaneous equation with EC2SLS method. The results show that poverty can affect environmental degradation but not vice versa. Exogenous variables that significantly affect the quality of the environment are the growth of the number of poor, economic growth, population density, and literacy rate. Exogenous variables that have significant effect on poverty are economic growth, wage, population density, and literacy rate.

scholarly journals The Linkage between CO2, FDI, Economic Growth and Value-Added: A European Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devesh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Co2 Emission ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Simultaneous Equation ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
European Regions ◽  
Simultaneous Equation Estimation ◽  
Reducing Co2 Emission

Abstract This article aims to investigate the linkage among CO2 emissions, Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), economic growth, Gross Value Added (GVA) of different sectors namely agriculture, service, manufacturing, and resource extensive industries including construction sectors in four European regions Eastern Europe (EE), Southern Europe (SE), Northern Europe (NE) and Western Europe (WE). To do, this article uses the 3SLS simultaneous equation estimation during the period of 2000 to 2018. This study is the extension of seeing the challenges in policy implication in reducing CO2 emission in technologically rich economies. This article concluded that the causality among variables CO2 emission, economic growth, FDI, and all four sectors GVA is varied according to the regions. However, the CO2 emission has bidirectional causality with each industrial sector's GVA.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document