scholarly journals Magnetic Resonance Imaging Characteristics of Tumefactive Demyelinating Lesions

2015 ◽  
Vol 08 (05) ◽  
pp. 321-326
Author(s):  
Jiro Akimoto ◽  
Tomohiro Suda ◽  
Ryo Hashimoto ◽  
Hirokazu Fukuhara ◽  
Michihiro Kohno
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions

Tumefactive demyelinating lesions: conventional and advanced magnetic resonance imaging

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Enzinger ◽  
Siegrid Strasser-Fuchs ◽  
Stefan Ropele ◽  
Peter Kapeller ◽  
Reinhold Kleinert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetization Transfer ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Brain Biopsy ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Neuronal Marker ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions

In rare instances, demyelinating disorders present with radiological features that mimic a brain tumour. This often leads to biopsy, which-apart from carrying significant morbidity-frequently turns out as nondiagnostic or dispensable. We therefore set out to assess the contribution of repeated conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), 1H-MR spectroscopy and magnetization transfer imaging in establishing a correct diagnosis of tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDLs). We studied two females and one male, who presented with TDLs that led to brain biopsy in two cases, for up to three years. TDLs were characterized by the following features: (a) delayed or absent response to high-dose steroids together with progressive lesion growth over several weeks; (b) late or sparse enhancement, ill-defined borders, signal inhomogeneity and considerable concomitant oedema; and (c) normalization of initial increases in lipid and lactate peaks within three to four weeks, followed by persistent, marked reductions of the neuronal marker NAA and MTR values around or below 30%. These imaging characteristics reflected the histological correlate of marked demyelination in the absence of significant inflammation. MRI techniques thus appear to have the potential to establish a correct diagnosis of this subtype of TDLs. Awareness of these possibilities might obviate the need for biopsy at least in some cases in future.

The chameleon of neuroinflammation: magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (14) ◽  
pp. 1826-1840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike P Wattjes ◽  
Nancy D Richert ◽  
Joep Killestein ◽  
Marlieke de Vos ◽  
Esther Sanchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions ◽  
Asymptomatic Stage

Natalizumab is a monoclonal antibody against α4-integrin approved for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) due to a positive effect on clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) outcome measures. However, one relatively rare but serious side effect of this drug is a higher risk of developing progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Since the FDA approval, more than 300 natalizumab-associated PML cases have been documented among more than 100,000 treated MS patients. MRI is a crucial tool in the surveillance of patients treated with natalizumab in order to detect possible signs of PML in the asymptomatic stage. Although classical imaging characteristics of PML are well established, MRI findings in natalizumab-associated PML, particularly in early disease stages, show rather new and heterogeneous imaging findings including different patterns of inflammation with contrast enhancement. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the heterogeneous imaging findings in natalizumab-associated PML in the context of the underlying pathophysiology, histopathology, and the diagnostic procedure. We describe the MRI patterns of PML lesion evolution and complications including immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Finally, we present guidelines to differentiate MRI findings in PML from inflammatory demyelinating lesions, to facilitate the early diagnosis of PML in patients treated with natalizumab.

scholarly journals Balo’s Concentric Sclerosis Mimicking Tumor on Magnetic Resonance Imaging in a Young Patient

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117954762198967
Author(s):  
Van Trung Hoang ◽  
Cong Thao Trinh ◽  
Hoang Anh Thi Van ◽  
Thanh Tam Thi Nguyen ◽  
Vichit Chansomphou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Demyelinating Disease ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mri Findings ◽  
Demyelinating Lesions ◽  
Baló’S Concentric Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
Subcortical Regions

Balo’s concentric sclerosis (BCS) is a rare demyelinating disease known as Multiple Sclerosis (MS) lesion type III. It is a disease of the white matter of the brain characterized by a round lesion with variable concentric myelinated and demyelinated layers, appearing as “onion bulb.” We present a case of BCS and discuss the imaging findings and management strategies of this disease. A 26-y-old male developed headache, weakness, and numbness of limbs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed concentric lamellar like demyelinating lesions at the subcortical regions. The patient’s neurological symptoms were consistent with the MRI findings.

Imaging findings of trichilemmal cyst and proliferating trichilemmal tumour

2021 ◽  
pp. 197140092110177
Author(s):  
Masaya Kawaguchi ◽  
Hiroki Kato ◽  
Natsuko Suzui ◽  
Tatsuhiko Miyazaki ◽  
Hiroyuki Tomita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Hounsfield Units ◽  
Soft Tissue Density ◽  
Cutaneous Lesions ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Trichilemmal Cyst ◽  
T1 Hyperintensity

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of benign trichilemmal cysts and proliferating trichilemmal tumours. Methods Nineteen histologically confirmed cutaneous lesions with trichilemmal keratinisation (12 trichilemmal cysts and seven proliferating trichilemmal tumours) were enrolled. Among them, 10 lesions (six trichilemmal cysts and four proliferating trichilemmal tumours) were examined by computed tomography, while 13 lesions (eight trichilemmal cysts and five proliferating trichilemmal tumours) were examined by magnetic resonance imaging. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS Sixteen lesions (84%, 10 trichilemmal cysts and six proliferating trichilemmal tumours) occurred on the scalp. Lobulated margins were observed in five lesions (26%, three trichilemmal cysts and two proliferating trichilemmal tumours). With respect to computed tomography attenuation, calcification (>200 Hounsfield units) was observed in seven lesions (70%, five trichilemmal cysts and two proliferating trichilemmal tumours), hyperdense areas (≥80 and ≤200 Hounsfield units) in six (60%, three trichilemmal cysts and three proliferating trichilemmal tumours), and soft tissue density areas (<80 Hounsfield units) in nine (90%, five trichilemmal cysts and four proliferating trichilemmal tumours). On T1-weighted images, intratumoral hyperintensity was only observed in eight trichilemmal cysts but no proliferating trichilemmal tumours (100% vs. 0%, P<0.01). On T2-weighted images, hypointense rim and intratumoral hypointensity was observed in all 13 lesions (100%, eight trichilemmal cysts and five proliferating trichilemmal tumours), and linear or reticular hypointensity was observed in 10 (77%, six trichilemmal cysts and four proliferating trichilemmal tumours). Conclusion Trichilemmal cysts and proliferating trichilemmal tumours predominantly occurred on the scalp with calcification, and usually exhibited linear or reticular T2 hypointensity. Intratumoral T1 hyperintensity may be a useful imaging feature for differentiating trichilemmal cysts from proliferating trichilemmal tumours.

scholarly journals Parallel Imaging Artifacts in Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Noël ◽  
Roland Bammer ◽  
Caroline Reinhold ◽  
Masoom A. Haider
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Parallel Imaging ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Significant Advance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Coil Geometry ◽  
Body Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Time Required

Objective To familiarize the reader with the fundamental concepts of partial parallel imaging (PPI); to review the technical aspects of PPI including calibration scan, coil geometry, and field of view (FOV); and to illustrate artifacts related to parallel imaging and describe solutions to minimize their negative impact. Results PPI has led to a significant advance in body magnetic resonance imaging by reducing the time required to generate an image without loss of spatial resolution. Although PPI can improve image quality, it is not free of artifacts, which can result in significant image degradation. Knowledge of these artifacts and how to minimize their effect is important to optimize the use of parallel imaging for specific body magnetic resonance imaging applications. Conclusions The reader will be introduced to the fundamental principles of PPI. Common imaging characteristics of PPI artifacts will be displayed with an emphasis on those seen with image-based methods, the principles behind their generation presented, and measures to minimize their negative impact will be proposed.

Granular cell tumor of the extremity: magnetic resonance imaging characteristics with pathologic correlation

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (10) ◽  
pp. 625-631 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia F. Blacksin ◽  
Lawrence M. White ◽  
Meera Hameed ◽  
Rita Kandel ◽  
Francis R. Patterson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Granular Cell Tumor ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pathologic Correlation ◽  
Imaging Characteristics

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of children and adults with paediatric-onset multiple sclerosis

Brain ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 132 (12) ◽  
pp. 3392-3400 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Yeh ◽  
B. Weinstock-Guttman ◽  
M. Ramanathan ◽  
D. P. Ramasamy ◽  
L. Willis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Imaging Characteristics

scholarly journals Diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging in the analysis of ameloblastoma: report of two cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-431
Author(s):  
Neiandro Santos Galvão ◽  
Antonione Santos Bezerra Pinto ◽  
Alan Leandro Carvalho Farias ◽  
André Luiz Ferreira Costa ◽  
Sérgio Lúcio Pereira de Castro Lopes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Signal Intensity ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Intermediate Signal Intensity ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

Ameloblastoma is an odontogenic tumor that shares clinical and imaging characteristics with other lesions of the jaws, such as odontogenic keratocyst, which makes the diagnosis difficult. However, in addition to radiographic and tomographic examinations, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) has been increasingly used, contributing with relevant additional information about the differentiation between solid and liquid components of the lesion. This case report was conducted to present two variations of ameloblastoma and discuss the radiographic, tomographic and MRI contribution in the differential diagnosis between ameloblastoma and odontogenic keratocyst.The signal intensity in T1-weighted MRI revealed internal fluid content in both cases, which was important in the differential diagnosis with other intraosseous lesions such as odontogenic keratocysts. This is probably due to the presence of keratin that increases the viscosity of the content and also for an intermediate signal intensity signal in T2-weighted MRI. Therefore, MRI revealed important internal characteristics of the reported lesions, which was very useful in the establishment of the differential diagnosis with other lesions.

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