The present study deals with the assessment of physicochemical properties of spring water samples
collected from the surroundings of Champawat city, Uttarakhand, India. The total of twenty-three
parameters were analysed for the study including pH, total dissolved solids (TDS) (mg/L), electrical
conductance (EC) (µS/cm), temperature (T) (°C), dissolved oxygen (DO) (mg/L), chloride (Cl-
)
(mg/L), and uranium (U) (µg/L). The seasonal variation was also observed in these samples. In the
hills, spring water has been the common source of public water supply from ancient times, therefore
this study includes the springs that have survived from the distant past and were being used for
drinking purpose at earlier time. However, with time, the quality of these water sources has depleted
due to both natural and anthropogenic reasons to such an extent that two of these sources are not in
use any more. The analysis has shown that pH of these samples ranged from 6.74 - 7.77, the highest
values of TDS and nitrate (NO3
-
) were observed to be 500 mg/L and 39.1 mg/L respectively. This
study can help determine the present state of these ancient water sources, which can be used as
alternative water sources in the time of water supply crisis, and maintaining these historical water
sources can be an example of sustainable development and preservation of historical aesthetics.
Bacteriological Quality of Alternative Water Sources in Bambui and Bambili Residential Areas, North-West Region, Cameroon
