scholarly journals Case Reports: Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia with Severe Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treated with Clozapine

2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 61-64
Author(s):  
Junji Gon ◽  
Shinji Sakamoto ◽  
Manabu Takaki
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Treatment Resistant ◽  
Severe Type

Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis Associated With Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter Type 2 Inhibitors in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Receiving Oral Therapy

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan B. Dull ◽  
Mikayla L. Spangler ◽  
Emily L. Knezevich ◽  
Britney M. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Serious Adverse Events ◽  
Type 2 Dm ◽  
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter ◽  
Increased Risk

Introduction and Objective: Postmarketing reports and warnings of serious adverse events such as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) have raised concern regarding the safety of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i). This report describes 2 cases of symptomatic SGLT2i-associated euglycemic DKA (euDKA) leading to hospitalization in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) previously well controlled on oral medications. Case Reports: Subject 1 is a 55-year-old female admitted with euDKA precipitated by infection and managed with intravenous insulin. This case was notable for a delayed diagnosis of euDKA and lack of clinical improvement despite withholding dapagliflozin. Subject 2 is a 62-year-old male admitted with euDKA precipitated by infection. His clinical condition improved rapidly and euDKA responded to withdrawal of empagliflozin alone. Discussion: Applying the Naranjo adverse medication reaction probability scale to each case (subject 1 score = 3 points; subject 2 score = 4 points) suggests these are possible adverse reactions to SGLT2i. Data from randomized controlled trials suggest DKA events in adults with type 2 DM receiving SGLT2i are rare and similar to placebo. However, data from a large cohort suggest these events occur more frequently and are associated with a 2-fold increased risk of DKA. Conclusion: This class of medications may be associated with a higher real-world risk of DKA in adults with type 2 DM than previously reported. Patients prescribed these medications should receive vigilant assessment for features of traditional DKA as well as euDKA.

scholarly journals Extensive anterior myocardial infarction of an older non diabetic patient has better prognosis compared to a younger patient: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 913 (1) ◽  
pp. 012100
Author(s):  
A Tanti ◽  
N N Humaera ◽  
A Rafiq ◽  
Y Pintaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Patient ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Anterior Myocardial Infarction ◽  
First Case

Abstract ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) incidence rates has been decreased inversely to non-STEMI (121 to 77, 126 to 132 per 100.000 case respectively). Diabetes as a risk factors of STEMI is found in 20% patients. The increment of fibrinogen level in diabetic patient may induce compact clots resistance to fibrinolysis that lead to hypercoagulable state problem. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), a non-surgical invasive procedure, can be done to relieve the obstruction. We reported two case reports, patients with anterior extensive STEMI who had underwent primary PCI. Both patients were found a total occlusion at proximal segment of LAD. First case was presented type 2 diabetes mellitus as comorbid while the second case was without diabetes. High burden thrombus was found on the diabetic patient which had poor prognosis, but on the non diabetic patient was found only less thrombus which was more stable condition. There is a strong correlation between type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Glucose control is important for prevention of CVD. Dietary changes that are characterized by increased use of natural sources diets such as whole grains, vegetables, and fruit-based foods and increased physical activity is remarkably strong factors for diabetes prevention.

scholarly journals P44 Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children: non-insulin medication, where are we up to?

2019 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. e35.2-e35
Author(s):  
R Austin ◽  
P Paul ◽  
D Hawcutt
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

BackgroundChildhood type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a relatively rare condition but is an important health concern as its prevalence continues to rise. Current management consists of lifestyle modification, metformin and insulin. Several new pharmacological classes are currently used in adult medicine but are not yet available in paediatric care.In this review we will look at the current evidence for use of these newer medications in the paediatric population.MethodsA literature search (EMBASE, Medline, Pubmed, CINHAL) was performed for papers studying the use of non-insulin medications in children; including a separate search of ´clinicaltrials.gov´ to identify any ongoing trials in paediatric T2DM.ResultsNewer classes of medications include incretin mimetics, dipeptidyl peptidase-4-inhibitors, sodium/glucose-cotransporter-2-inhibitors, and thiazolidinediones. There have been a small number of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies carried out in small cohorts of paediatric participants, but larger long-term efficacy and safety trials are lacking. These studies and individual case-reports have shown good tolerability but are unable to identify any long-term effects associated with these medications.Randomised controlled trials studying rosiglitazone and glimepiride use in children have been performed. However, safety concerns in adults and notable side-effects including weight gain, mean their future use is uncertain.Currently many relevant trials involving paediatric patients listed on ´clinicaltrials.gov´ are awaiting completion.ConclusionMedical management for T2DM in children remains limited. Ongoing studies are aiming to equip practitioners with wider treatment options in the future. However, there are concerns regarding the long-term safety of these medications due to the increased risk of pancreatitis, gallbladder conditions and bladder malignancy in adult patients.Paediatric T2DM patients suffer from complications earlier and more severely compared with adults, making this is a pressing issue. Long-term surveillance studies to identify adverse effects and a framework for highlighting research gaps are required to enable improvements in paediatric T2DM management.Disclosure(s)Nothing to disclose

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