scholarly journals Stability of Interferon-Gamma and Interleukin-10 Responses to Plasmodium falciparum Liver Stage Antigen 1 and Thrombospondin-Related Adhesive Protein Immunodominant Epitopes in a Highland Population from Western Kenya

2009 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann M. Moormann ◽  
Chandy C. John ◽  
James W. Kazura ◽  
Peter Odada Sumba ◽  
Daniel J. Tisch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Interferon Gamma ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Liver Stage ◽  
Adhesive Protein ◽  
Immunodominant Epitopes

scholarly journals Gamma Interferon Responses to Plasmodium falciparum Liver-Stage Antigen 1 and Thrombospondin-Related Adhesive Protein and Their Relationship to Age, Transmission Intensity, and Protection against Malaria

2004 ◽  
Vol 72 (9) ◽  
pp. 5135-5142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandy C. John ◽  
Ann M. Moormann ◽  
Peter O. Sumba ◽  
Ayub V. Ofulla ◽  
Daniel C. Pregibon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Clinical Malaria ◽  
Gamma Interferon ◽  
Transmission Intensity ◽  
Liver Stage ◽  
Adhesive Protein ◽  
Transmission Area ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Stable Transmission ◽  
Unstable Transmission

ABSTRACT Gamma interferon (IFN-γ) responses to the Plasmodium falciparum antigens liver-stage antigen 1 (LSA-1) and thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (TRAP) are thought to be important in protection against malaria. Optimal methods of testing and the effects of age and transmission intensity on these responses are unknown. IFN-γ responses to LSA-1 and TRAP peptides were assessed by the enzyme-linked immunospot assay (ELISPOT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in children and adults from areas of stable and unstable malaria transmission in Kenya. Adults in the areas of stable and unstable transmission had similar frequencies and levels of IFN-γ responses to LSA-1 and TRAP as determined by ELISPOT and ELISA. In contrast, IFN-γ responses to the LSA-1 T3 peptide (assessed by ELISPOT) and to any LSA-1 peptide (assessed by ELISA) were less frequent in children in the area of unstable transmission than in children in the area of stable transmission. IFN-γ responses to LSA-1 were more frequently detected by ELISA than by ELISPOT in the stable-transmission area. IFN-γ responses detected by ELISA and ELISPOT did not correlate with each other. In children in the stable-transmission area, IFN-γ responses to LSA-1 peptides assessed by ELISA, but not by ELISPOT, were associated with protection against clinical malaria and anemia. IFN-γ responses to LSA-1 appear to require repeated P. falciparum exposure and/or increased age and, as measured by ELISA, are associated with protection against clinical malaria and anemia.

scholarly journals Antibodies to the Plasmodium falciparum Antigens Circumsporozoite Protein, Thrombospondin-Related Adhesive Protein, and Liver-Stage Antigen 1 Vary by Ages of Subjects and by Season in a Highland Area of Kenya

2003 ◽  
Vol 71 (8) ◽  
pp. 4320-4325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandy C. John ◽  
Joseph S. Zickafoose ◽  
P. Odada Sumba ◽  
Christopher L. King ◽  
James W. Kazura
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Circumsporozoite Protein ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Liver Stage ◽  
Highland Area ◽  
Adhesive Protein ◽  
Adults And Children ◽  
Dry Seasons

ABSTRACT Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies to three vaccine candidate preerythrocytic Plasmodium falciparum antigens were evaluated in children and adults in an epidemic-prone highland area of Kenya during rainy (high-transmission) and dry (low-transmission) seasons. The frequencies and median levels of IgG antibodies to circumsporozoite protein (CSP) and thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (TRAP) were compared to the frequencies and median levels of IgG antibodies to liver-stage antigen 1 (LSA-1) reported previously. The frequencies and median levels of IgG antibodies to CSP and TRAP were similar in children and adults in the rainy season, but they were lower in children than in adults in the dry season. The frequencies and median levels of antibodies to LSA-1 were lower in children than in adults in both the rainy and dry seasons. Antibodies to CSP and LSA-1 were primarily members of the IgG1 and IgG3 subclasses, while antibodies to TRAP were primarily members of the IgG3 and IgG4 subclasses. In a treatment-reinfection study following dry season testing, antibodies to TRAP were associated with a trend toward protection from infection in children (P = 0.051) but not in adults. Antibodies to LSA-1 and CSP did not correlate with protection in children or adults. In this highland area of Kenya with unstable transmission, IgG antibodies to preerythrocytic P. falciparum antigens vary in subjects by age and season, and the protective effects of these antibodies against infection may be different in adults and children.

scholarly journals The Plasmodium falciparum Antigen MB2 Induces Interferon-γ and Interleukin-10 Responses in Adults in Malaria Endemic Areas of Western Kenya

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 131 ◽  
Author(s):  
LyticiaA Ochola ◽  
BartholomewN Ondigo ◽  
GideonM Ng′wena ◽  
GregoryS Noland ◽  
George Ayodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Interferon Γ ◽  
Western Kenya ◽  
Endemic Areas

scholarly journals Interleukin-10 Responses to Liver-Stage Antigen 1 Predict Human Resistance to Plasmodium falciparum

1999 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 3424-3429 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan D. Kurtis ◽  
David E. Lanar ◽  
Malachi Opollo ◽  
Patrick E. Duffy
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Eradication Therapy ◽  
Therapy Resistance ◽  
Interleukin 10 ◽  
Effective Vaccine ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Liver Stage ◽  
Humoral Immune ◽  
Humoral Immune Responses

ABSTRACT The design of an effective vaccine against Plasmodium falciparum, the most deadly malaria parasite of humans, requires a careful definition of the epitopes and the immune responses involved in protection. Liver-stage antigen 1 (LSA-1) is specifically expressed during the hepatic stage of P. falciparum and elicits cellular and humoral immune responses in naturally exposed individuals. We report here that interleukin-10 (IL-10) production in response to LSA-1 predicts resistance to P. falciparum after eradication therapy. Resistance was not related to gamma interferon or tumor necrosis factor alpha production. This is the first report that human IL-10 responses are associated with resistance after eradication therapy, and our findings support the inclusion of LSA-1 in a vaccine against malaria.

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