Monitoring the Progression of Micro-Pitting in Spur Geared Transmission Systems Using Online Health Monitoring Techniques

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 1301-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Onsy ◽  
Brian A. Shaw ◽  
Jishan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Monitoring Techniques

scholarly journals Development of a Novel Sensor for Gear Teeth Wear and Damage Detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Sridhar ◽  
Kam Chana
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Gear Box ◽  
Current Sensors

Health monitoring of mechanical transmission systems is an important area of research. Mechanical transmission systems, especially gear boxes in aircraft, automobiles, and wind turbines etc. account for many of the maintenance costs due to repairs, replacements and downtime. Gear boxes can experience high level of failure due to varied load conditions and harsh environments. Replacing the gear box is quite an expensive process and has significant downtime. Current gear box monitoring involves mainly measuring vibrations, however vibrations occur when the fault in the gear has already progressed significantly. Gear teeth monitoring lacks sensor technology to successfully detect tooth damage and misalignment. This paper presents a new concept gear teeth damage detection using eddy current sensors fitted on to the teeth of an idler gear at various locations. These sensors detect various faults encountered in a gear such as micro and macro pitting of the tooth surface, contact wear etc. Eddy current sensors are already being used to detect turbomachinery blade vibrations and tip clearance as they are robust and immune to contamination. In the present case, we use an idler gear that incorporates miniature eddy current sensors and state of the art electronics with wireless data transmission to enable the device to operate remotely and in harsh environments. A rotating rig with gears (spur and helical) and oil supply was built to test and validate the sensor by seeding various faults on the tooth surface. The results show that the idler sensor gear was able to detect various faults. The new eddy current sensor idler gear concept will enable health monitoring of the gearbox and ensure timely maintenance and reduction in operation costs.

Nondestructive health monitoring techniques for composite materials: A review

2020 ◽  
pp. 096739112092170
Author(s):  
M Senthilkumar ◽  
TG Sreekanth ◽  
S Manikanta Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Residual Life ◽  
Present Condition ◽  
Nondestructive Technique ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Monitoring Techniques ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Marine Applications ◽  
The Impact

Structural health monitoring is the process of acquisition and analyzing technical data obtained from structures to determine the present condition of the structure and residual life. Composites have been widely in use because of their low weight and better mechanical properties compared to conventional metals. They are more prone to damage during cyclic loading and the impact of foreign objects. So, usage of the nondestructive techniques is important to detect such damage in composites at the beginning stage itself, which further helps to avoid catastrophic failure. Many review articles are discussing a single nondestructive technique to monitor the health of the structure, but a single technique is not sufficient in most of the cases. This review is focused on the most commonly used nondestructive health monitoring techniques such as acoustic emission, vibration testing, ultrasonic testing, infrared thermography, and shearography to detect and characterize the damage in composite structures used in aerospace, automotive, and marine applications. The comparison among the techniques also has been presented in this review.

Liquid-Propellant Rocket Engine Health-Monitoring Techniques

1998 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulin Zhang ◽  
Jianjun Wu ◽  
Minchao Huang ◽  
Hengwei Zhu ◽  
Qizhi Chen
Keyword(s):  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Rocket Engine ◽  
Liquid Propellant ◽  
Monitoring Techniques ◽  
Liquid Propellant Rocket Engine ◽  
Propellant Rocket

scholarly journals POST-EVENT PLASTIC FAILURE ANALYSIS OF SHEAR FRAMES FROM THEIR PRE-EVENT ELASTIC RESPONSE

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arzhang Alimoradi
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Closed Form ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Closed Form Expression ◽  
Monitoring Techniques ◽  
Plastic Failure ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Plastic Mechanism ◽  
Failure Loads

We demonstrate that plastic failure loads of shear frames can be inferred from their elastic ambient response. The interstory plastic mechanism force is derived for moment-resisting (rigid) frames as a function of two measured elastic (low-amplitude) frequencies. Structural health monitoring techniques are traditionally devised for “post-event” assessment of structures after exposure of a facility to a potentially damaging loading event such as strong earthquakes or blasts. The knowledge of induced damage, its location, and severity in an otherwise functioningstructure, as important as it is, may be too late for precautionary preparations. Naturally, one is interested in identification of potential failure mechanisms and indicators prior to damaging events when a structure is responding to environmental loads elastically. Are post-event plastic failure loads identifiable from the pre-event ambient response? We answer this question by first deriving interstory shear stiffness values from a set of measured ambient frequencies that are then incorporated into post-elastic equilibrium equations for a closed-form expression of failure loads as a function of measured frequencies. We test our procedure using a typical shear frame example as proof of concept. To extend the relevance and applicability of the proposed procedure we consider uncertainties associated with the measured and estimated quantities and assess their effects in our model output. The closed-form solutions presented allow study of fully-stressed designs and we present the optimal stiffness distribution for such designs as another example. It is anticipated that temporal relevance of structural health monitoring techniques to “pre-event” assessment will be extended in the near future to such promising technologies as earthquake early warning systems.

scholarly journals An Expert System for Trend Analysis Applied to Turbomachinery

1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Van Hardeveld
Keyword(s):  
Expert System ◽  
Trend Analysis ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Statistical Techniques ◽  
Health Monitoring System ◽  
Monitoring Techniques ◽  
Computerized Monitoring ◽  
Automated Methods

With the advent of computerized monitoring techniques, it is becoming evident that more automated methods of trend analysis and other diagnostic techniques are both possible and necessary. The implementation of a computerized health monitoring system has led to research into techniques for identifying trend behavior which can be used to detect equipment deterioration. The result has been the development of statistical techniques to characterize generic trend behavior and of an expert system to translate these into a diagnosis of equipment deterioration.

scholarly journals A Review of NDT/Structural Health Monitoring Techniques for Hot Gas Components in Gas Turbines

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Mevissen ◽  
Michele Meo
Keyword(s):  
Structural Health Monitoring ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Combustion Chambers ◽  
Monitoring Techniques ◽  
Structural Health ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Turbine Vanes

The need for non-destructive testing/structural health monitoring (SHM) is becoming increasingly important for gas turbine manufacturers. Incipient cracks have to be detected before catastrophic events occur. With respect to condition-based maintenance, the complex and expensive parts should be used as long as their performance or integrity is not compromised. In this study, the main failure modes of turbines are reported. In particular, we focus on the turbine blades, turbine vanes and the transition ducts of the combustion chambers. The existing monitoring techniques for these components, with their own particular advantages and disadvantages, are summarised in this review. In addition to the vibrational approach, tip timing technology is the most used technique for blade monitoring. Several sensor types are appropriate for the extreme conditions in a gas turbine, but besides tip timing, other technologies are also very promising for future NDT/SHM applications. For static parts, like turbine vanes and the transition ducts of the combustion chambers, different monitoring possibilities are identified and discussed.

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