BioRID P3-Design and Performance Compared to Hybrid III and Volunteers in Rear Impacts of Δv=7 km/h

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Davidsson ◽  
Anders Flog\asrd ◽  
Per L\arvsund ◽  
Mats Y. Svensson
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Rear Impacts

A Biofidelity Evaluation of the BioRID II, Hybrid III and RID2 for Use in Rear Impacts

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Kim ◽  
K.F. Anderson ◽  
J. Berliner ◽  
J. Hassan ◽  
J. Jensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
Rear Impacts

A Comparison of Volunteer, BioRID P3 and Hybrid III Performance in Rear Impacts

2001 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHAN DAVIDSSON ◽  
PER LÖVSUND ◽  
KOSHIRO ONO ◽  
MATS Y. SVENSSON ◽  
SATOSHI INAMI
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
Rear Impacts

Evaluation of Restraint Type and Performance Tested with 3- and 6-Year-Old Hybrid III Dummies at a Range of Speeds

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajiv Menon ◽  
Yoganand Ghati ◽  
Stephen Ridella ◽  
David Roberts ◽  
Flaura Winston
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
And Performance

Injury Rates by Crash Severity, Belt Use and Head Restraint Type and Performance in Rear Impacts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chantal Parenteau ◽  
Bruce Miller ◽  
Roger Burnett
Keyword(s):  
Crash Severity ◽  
Injury Rates ◽  
Head Restraint ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Rear Impacts

Assessment of the 50th Hybrid III Responses in Blunt Rear Impacts to the Torso

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Buckman ◽  
Chantal S. Parenteau ◽  
Roger Burnett ◽  
David C. Viano ◽  
Christopher Andrecovich
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
Rear Impacts

Neck Displacements of Volunteers, BioRID P3 and Hybrid III in Rear Impacts: Implications to Whiplash Assessment by a Neck Displacement Criterion (NDC)

2002 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Viano ◽  
Johan Davidsson
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Iii ◽  
Rear Impacts

Transmission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy Analysis with the Siemens ELMISKOP 101

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 450-451
Author(s):  
H. M. Thieringer
Keyword(s):  
Objective Lens ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Image Recording ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Convergent Beam ◽  
Ray Path ◽  
Beam Diffraction

It has repeatedly been show that with conventional electron microscopes very fine electron probes can be produced, therefore allowing various micro-techniques such as micro recording, X-ray microanalysis and convergent beam diffraction. In this paper the function and performance of an SIEMENS ELMISKOP 101 used as a scanning transmission microscope (STEM) is described. This mode of operation has some advantages over the conventional transmission microscopy (CTEM) especially for the observation of thick specimen, in spite of somewhat longer image recording times.Fig.1 shows schematically the ray path and the additional electronics of an ELMISKOP 101 working as a STEM. With a point-cathode, and using condensor I and the objective lens as a demagnifying system, an electron probe with a half-width ob about 25 Å and a typical current of 5.10-11 amp at 100 kV can be obtained in the back focal plane of the objective lens.

Angular Resolved Electron Spectroscopy with Parallel Recording

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 370-371
Author(s):  
Huang Min ◽  
P.S. Flora ◽  
C.J. Harland ◽  
J.A. Venables
Keyword(s):  
Electron Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Solid Angle ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
Cylindrical Mirror ◽  
Inner Radius ◽  
Channel Plate ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Type Detector

A cylindrical mirror analyser (CMA) has been built with a parallel recording detection system. It is being used for angular resolved electron spectroscopy (ARES) within a SEM. The CMA has been optimised for imaging applications; the inner cylinder contains a magnetically focused and scanned, 30kV, SEM electron-optical column. The CMA has a large inner radius (50.8mm) and a large collection solid angle (Ω > 1sterad). An energy resolution (ΔE/E) of 1-2% has been achieved. The design and performance of the combination SEM/CMA instrument has been described previously and the CMA and detector system has been used for low voltage electron spectroscopy. Here we discuss the use of the CMA for ARES and present some preliminary results.The CMA has been designed for an axis-to-ring focus and uses an annular type detector. This detector consists of a channel-plate/YAG/mirror assembly which is optically coupled to either a photomultiplier for spectroscopy or a TV camera for parallel detection.

Novel epoxy/anhydride alternatives for biological electron microscopy: Physical and performance characteristis of embed 812 and LX 112 in combination with NSA/NMA/DMAE

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 1000-1001
Author(s):  
Joe A. Mascorro ◽  
Gerald S. Kirby
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Succinic Anhydride ◽  
Volume Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Density ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Volume Flow ◽  
Base Resin ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Acid Anhydrides

Embedding media based upon an epoxy resin of choice and the acid anhydrides dodecenyl succinic anhydride (DDSA), nadic methyl anhydride (NMA), and catalyzed by the tertiary amine 2,4,6-Tri(dimethylaminomethyl) phenol (DMP-30) are widely used in biological electron microscopy. These media possess a viscosity character that can impair tissue infiltration, particularly if original Epon 812 is utilized as the base resin. Other resins that are considerably less viscous than Epon 812 now are available as replacements. Likewise, nonenyl succinic anhydride (NSA) and dimethylaminoethanol (DMAE) are more fluid than their counterparts DDSA and DMP- 30 commonly used in earlier formulations. This work utilizes novel epoxy and anhydride combinations in order to produce embedding media with desirable flow rate and viscosity parameters that, in turn, would allow the medium to optimally infiltrate tissues. Specifically, embeding media based on EmBed 812 or LX 112 with NSA (in place of DDSA) and DMAE (replacing DMP-30), with NMA remaining constant, are formulated and offered as alternatives for routine biological work.Individual epoxy resins (Table I) or complete embedding media (Tables II-III) were tested for flow rate and viscosity. The novel media were further examined for their ability to infilftrate tissues, polymerize, sectioning and staining character, as well as strength and stability to the electron beam and column vacuum. For physical comparisons, a volume (9 ml) of either resin or media was aspirated into a capillary viscocimeter oriented vertically. The material was then allowed to flow out freely under the influence of gravity and the flow time necessary for the volume to exit was recored (Col B,C; Tables). In addition, the volume flow rate (ml flowing/second; Col D, Tables) was measured. Viscosity (n) could then be determined by using the Hagen-Poiseville relation for laminar flow, n = c.p/Q, where c = a geometric constant from an instrument calibration with water, p = mass density, and Q = volume flow rate. Mass weight and density of the materials were determined as well (Col F,G; Tables). Infiltration schedules utilized were short (1/2 hr 1:1, 3 hrs full resin), intermediate (1/2 hr 1:1, 6 hrs full resin) , or long (1/2 hr 1:1, 6 hrs full resin) in total time. Polymerization schedules ranging from 15 hrs (overnight) through 24, 36, or 48 hrs were tested. Sections demonstrating gold interference colors were collected on unsupported 200- 300 mesh grids and stained sequentially with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.

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