Design and Evaluation of Polygonal Trough Solar Concentrator

In this paper, a solar concentrator is designed in the form of a concave half-cylindrical mirror consisting of polygonal reflective surface plates. The plates are arranged to give a hemispherical shape to the design. These surfaces work to receive solar radiation and focusing by reflecting it to the receiver that is placed in front of the reflecting surfaces. The results are compared with a system consisting of a concave reflecting surface of the same dimensions to obtain a good criterion for evaluating the design performance. The results showed a low acceptance angle for the design for all the samples used due to the geometrical design nature. The optical efficiency affected by the angle of incidence greatly by all the samples used, which differ in the concentration ratio, width and location of the receiver.

Radiators of scalar modes of a circular waveguide.

The frequency characteristics of the radiators of ТМ01 and ТЕ01modes of a circular metal waveguide are investigated. Radiators in the form of an open end of a circular waveguide with a stepped cut, including those with a cylindrical mirror, as well as an open end of a waveguide with an inhomogeneous anisotropic dielectric plate are considered. Numerical simulation and optimization of parameters were carried out using finite element and finite differences in time domain methods.

The lower energy diffraction and scattering side-bounce beamline for materials science at the Canadian Light Source

A new diffraction beamline for materials science has been built at the Canadian Light Source synchrotron. The X-ray source is an in-vacuum wiggler with a 2.5 T peak magnetic field at 5.2 mm gap. The optical configuration includes a toroidal mirror, a single side-bounce Bragg monochromator, and a cylindrical mirror, producing a sub-150 µm vertical × 500 µm horizontal focused beam with a photon energy range of 7–22 keV and a flux of 1012 photons per second at the sample position. Three endstations are currently open to general users, and the techniques available include high-resolution powder diffraction, small molecule crystallography, X-ray reflectivity, in situ rapid thermal annealing, and SAXS/WAXS. The beamline design parameters, calculated and measured performance, and initial experimental results are presented to demonstrate the capabilities for materials science.

Calculation of aberration coefficients for a cylindrical mirror

Angular аberration coefficients for a cylindrical mirror up to the fourth order in the vicinity of the azimuthal angle φ0 = 0 and in the vicinity of an arbitrary angle ϑ0 value are analytically obtained. A method is developed for calculating aberration coefficients of arbitrary order and in the vicinity of an arbitrary point based on the results of calculating several trajectories. Analytical and numerical methods for calculating aberration coefficients up to the fourth order are productive in the vicinity of the point (φ0 = 0, ϑ0) that coincide with high accuracy.

Optical properties of amorphous carbon measured with reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy spectra

We present the combined experimental and theoretical investigations of optical properties of amorphous carbon. The reflected electron energy loss spectroscopy (REELS) spectra of carbon were measured with a cylindrical mirror...

Modification of a Cylindrical Mirror Analyzer for High Efficiency Photoelectron Spectroscopy on Ion Beams

An existing cylindrical mirror analyzer (CMA) that was initially equipped with eight channeltrons detectors has been modified to install large micro-channel plate detectors to perform parallel detection of electrons on an energy range corresponding to ~12% of the mean pass energy. This analyzer is dedicated to photoelectron spectroscopy of ions ionized by synchrotron radiation. The overall detection efficiency is increased by a factor of ~20 compared to the original analyzer. A proof of principle of the efficiency of the analyzer has been done for Xe5+ and Si+ ions and will allow photoelectron spectroscopy on many other ionic species.