scholarly journals The LEDs luminance distribution measurement quality dependency on image focusing

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 121
Author(s):  
Dariusz Czyżewski
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Distribution Measurement ◽  
Luminance Distribution ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Engineering Society ◽  
Ccd Array ◽  
Testing Techniques ◽  
Color Rendering

Luminance measurements are used in a vast range of lighting technology fields. The author’s research has proved that measuring the luminance distribution on light source surface is the most challenging part of this process. The research has been conducted for a commercially available digital luminance distribution meter, with the goal of analyzing the influence of image focus settings and exposure parameters on the measured luminance values. It has been concluded that the incorrect image focus and inadequately matched exposure parameters (distance from the workpiece) contribute to quantitative changes in the information on luminance distribution on the LED surface and affect the precision the maximum luminance determination. Full Text: PDF ReferencesC. Xu, H. Cheng, and Y. Feng, "Optical design of rectangular illumination with freeform lenses for the application of LED road lighting," Frontiers of Optoelectronics, 2017, CrossRef D. Czyzewski, "LED substitutes of conventional incandescent lamps," Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, vol. 88, no. 11A, pp. 123-127, 2012. DirectLink W. R. Ryckaert, K. A. G. Smet, I. A. A. Roelandts, M. Van Gils, and P. Hanselaer, "Linear LED tubes versus fluorescent lamps: An evaluation," Energy and Buildings, 2012, CrossRef X.-H. Lee, I. Moreno, and C.-C. Sun, "High-performance LED street lighting using microlens arrays," Optics Express, 2013, CrossRef D. Czyzewski, "The street lighting luminaires with LEDs," Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, vol. 86, pp. 276-279, 2009. DirectLink D. Mozyrska, M. Wyrwas, and I. Fryc, "The determination of the LEDs colorimetric parameters, in the range of their operating temperature," Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, vol. 93, no. 4a, pp. 232-234, 2012. DirectLink J. Kowalska and I. Fryc, "Colour rendition quality of typical fluorescent lamps determined by CIE colour fidelity index and colour rendering index," Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, vol. 95, no. 7, pp. 94--97, 2019, CrossRef J. Kowalska, "Analysis of parameters describing the quality of the color rendering of light sources according to the IES TM-30-15 and the CIE 013.3-1995," Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, vol. 93, no. 6, pp. 50--54, 2017, CrossRef K. Houser, M. Mossman, K. Smet, and L. Whitehead, "Tutorial: Color Rendering and Its Applications in Lighting," LEUKOS - Journal of Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, vol. 12, no. 1-2, pp. 7-26, 2016, CrossRef S. Słomiński, "Identifying problems with luminaire luminance measurements for discomfort glare analysis," Lighting Research and Technology, 2016, CrossRef D. Czyzewski, "Investigation of COB LED luminance distribution," 2016, CrossRef M. Jongewaard, "Guide to selecting the appropriate type of light source model," in Proc.SPIE, Aug. 2002, vol. 4775, CrossRef D. Czyzewski, "Selected problems of defining the luminous area of electroluminescent diodes," Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, vol. R. 84, nr 8, pp. 125-128, 2008. DirectLink C. D. Galatanu, "Improving the Luminance Measurement from Digital Images," in 2019 International Conference on Electromechanical and Energy Systems (SIELMEN), 2019, pp. 1-4. CrossRef I. Fryc and E. Czech, "Application of optical fibers and CCD array for measurement of luminance distribution," in Proc. SPIE 5064, Lightmetry 2002: Metrology and Testing Techniques Using Light, 2003, pp. 18-21, CrossRef I. Fryc and E. Czech, "Spectral correction of the measurement CCD array," Optical Engineering, 2002, CrossRef I. Fryc, "Angular characteristics of a silicon detector spectral sensitivity corrected by an absorption filter," in Proc. SPIE 4517, Lightmetry: Metrology, Spectroscopy, and Testing Techniques Using Light, 2001, pp. 42-45, CrossRef I. Fryc, "Accuracy of spectral correction of a CCD array for luminance distribution measurement," in Proc. SPIE 5064, Lightmetry 2002: Metrology and Testing Techniques Using Light, 2003, pp. 38-42, CrossRef M. Moeck and S. Anaokar, "Illuminance analysis from high dynamic range images," LEUKOS - Journal of Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, pp. 211-228, 2006, CrossRef D. Czyżewski, "Research on luminance distributions of chip-on-board light-emitting diodes," Crystals, 2019, CrossRef

scholarly journals The linearization of the relationship between scene luminance and digital camera output levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Eugeniusz Czech ◽  
Dariusz Czyżewski
Keyword(s):  
Digital Camera ◽  
Image Sensor ◽  
Image Sensors ◽  
Luminance Distribution ◽  
Engineering Society ◽  
Spectral Correction ◽  
Ccd Array ◽  
Discomfort Glare ◽  
Testing Techniques ◽  
Visegrád Countries

This paper presents the results of linearity testing of the integrated image sensor of a CCD-equipped digital camera. The study demonstrated the lack of linearity of the characteristics of the sensor when scaling with the luminance standard signal. In the course of the research the function approximated by the fifth-degree polynomial was determined. After the appropriate transformation, this function would enable the linearization of the signal from the studied image sensor. The study demonstrated the possibility of linearizing the signal of integrated image sensors for correct luminance measurements. Thus, the possibility of reducing the nonlinearity error of integrated image sensors was discussed. Full Text: PDF ReferencesT. Tashiro, S. Kawanobe, T. Kimura-Minoda, S. Kohko, T. Ishikawa, and M. Ayama, "Discomfort glare for white LED light sources with different spatial arrangements," Lighting Research and Technology, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 316-337, 2015, doi: 10.1177/1477153514532122. CrossRef A. de Vries, J. L. Souman, B. de Ruyter, I. Heynderickx, and Y. A. W. de Kort, "Lighting up the office: The effect of wall luminance on room appraisal, office workers' performance, and subjective alertness," Building and Environment, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.06.046. CrossRef E. Czech and I. Fryc, "Illumination quality measurement of the work-station," in Proc. SPIE 5566. Optical Security and Safety, 2004, vol. 5566, pp. 239-242. CrossRef D. Czyzewski, "Monitoring of the lighting conditions of a street illuminated with road lights equipped with LEDs," Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, vol. 86, no. 10, pp. 170-172, 2010. DirectLink S. Słomiński, "Identifying problems with luminaire luminance measurements for discomfort glare analysis," Lighting Research and Technology, vol. 48, no. 5, pp. 573-588, 2016 CrossRef D. Czyzewski, "Monitoring of the subsequent LED lighting installation in Warsaw in the years 2014-2015," in Proceedings of 2016 IEEE Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries, Lumen V4 2016, 2016, pp. 1-4, CrossRef F. Greffier, V. Muzet, V. Boucher, F. Fournela, and R. Dronneau, "Use of an imaging luminance measuring device to evaluate road lighting performance at different angles of observation," in Proceedings of the 29th Quadrennial Session of the CIE, 2019, pp. 553-562. CrossRef D. Czyżewski, "Comparison of luminance distribution on the lighting surface of power LEDs," Photonics Letters of Poland, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 118-120, 2019, doi: 10.4302/plp.v11i4.966. CrossRef S. Zalewski, "Design of optical systems for LED road luminaires," Applied Optics, vol. 54, no. 2, pp. 163-170, 2015, doi: 10.1364/ao.54.000163. CrossRef D. Czyzewski, "Investigation of COB LED luminance distribution," in Proceedings of 2016 IEEE Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries, Lumen V4 2016, 2016, pp. 1-4, CrossRef M. Jongewaard, "Guide to selecting the appropriate type of light source model," in Proc.SPIE, Aug. 2002, vol. 4775, pp. 86-98, CrossRef D. Czyzewski, "Luminance distribution of LED luminous surface," Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, vol. 86, no. 10, pp. 166-169, 2010. DirectLink D. Czyżewski, "Research on luminance distributions of chip-on-board light-emitting diodes," Crystals, vol. 9, no. 12, pp. 1-14, 2019, CrossRef J. Fang, H. Xu, W. Lv, and M. R. Luo, "59-3: Proper Luminance of HDR TV system," in SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers, 2016, pp. 806-808, CrossRef E. A. Cooper, H. Jiang, V. Vildavski, J. E. Farrell, and A. M. Norcia, "Assessment of OLED displays for vision research.," Journal of vision, vol. 13, no. 12, pp. 1-13, 2013 CrossRef C. D. Galatanu, "Improving the Luminance Measurement from Digital Images," in 2019 International Conference on Electromechanical and Energy Systems (SIELMEN), 2019, pp. 1-4. CrossRef M. Moeck and S. Anaokar, "Illuminance analysis from high dynamic range images," LEUKOS - Journal of Illuminating Engineering Society of North America, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 211-228, 2006, CrossRef D. Wüller and H. Gabele, "The usage of digital cameras as luminance meters," in Digital Photography III, 2007, p. 65020U CrossRef I. Fryc and E. Czech, "Spectral correction of the measurement CCD array," Optical Engineering, vol. 41, no. 10, pp. 2402-2406, 2002, CrossRef I. Fryc, "Accuracy of spectral correction of a CCD array for luminance distribution measurement," in Proc. SPIE 5064, Lightmetry 2002: Metrology and Testing Techniques Using Light, 2003, pp. 38-42 CrossRef I. Fryc, "Analysis of the spectral correction errors of illuminance meter photometric head under the influence of the diffusing element," Optical Engineering, vol. 40, no. 8, pp. 1636-1640, 2001. CrossRef S. W. Brown, G. P. Eppeldauer, and K. R. Lykke, "Facility for spectral irradiance and radiance responsivity calibrations using uniform sources," Applied Optics, vol. 45, no. 32, pp. 8218-8237, 2006 CrossRef D. W. Allen, G. P. Eppeldauer, S. W. Brown, E. A. Early, B. C. Johnson, and K. R. Lykke, "Calibration and characterization of trap detector filter radiometers," in Proc. SPIE 5151. Earth Observing Systems VIII, 2003, pp. 471-479 CrossRef I. Lewin and J. O'Farrell, "Luminaire photometry using video camera techniques," Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 57-63, 1999, CrossRef P. Fiorentin, P. Iacomussi, and G. Raze, "Characterization and calibration of a CCD detector for light engineering," IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 171-177, 2005 CrossRef I. Fryc and E. Czech, "Application of optical fibers and CCD array for measurement of luminance distribution," in Proc. SPIE 5064, Lightmetry 2002: Metrology and Testing Techniques Using Light, 2003, pp. 18-21, CrossRef International Organization for Standardization, "Standard ISO 14524:2009 Photography - Electronic still-picture cameras - Methods for measuring opto-electronic conversion functions (OECFs)," International Organization for Standardization Publication, 2009. CrossRef I. Fryc, "Chosen properties of a photometric detector BPYP 07," in Proc. SPIE 4517, Lightmetry: Metrology, Spectroscopy, and Testing Techniques Using Light, 2001, vol. 4517, pp. 34-36 CrossRef D. Mozyrska, I. Fryc, and M. Wyrwas, "Nonlinear numerical models of spectral power distributions of black body," PRZEGLAD ELEKTROTECHNICZNY, vol. 87, no. 4, pp. 116-119, 2011. DirectLink D. Mozyrska and I. Fryc, "Spectroradiometric data interpolation and approximation-case study," PRZEGLAD ELEKTROTECHNICZNY, vol. 85, no. 11, pp. 253-256, 2009. CrossRef

scholarly journals Luminance Calibration and Linearity Correction Method of Imaging Luminance Measurement Devices

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Dariusz Czyżewski ◽  
Irena Fryc
Keyword(s):  
Characteristic Feature ◽  
Electrical Characteristic ◽  
Digital Camera ◽  
Correction Method ◽  
Distribution Measurement ◽  
Luminance Distribution ◽  
Ccd Array ◽  
Ccd Detector ◽  
Testing Techniques ◽  
Visegrád Countries

This paper presents that the opto-electrical characteristic of a typical CCD based digital camera is nonlinear. It means that digital electric signal of the camera's CCD detector - is not a linear function of the luminance value on camera's lens. The opto-electrical characteristic feature of a digital camera needs to be transformed into a linear function if this camera is to be used as a luminance distribution measurement device known as Imaging Luminance Measurement Device (ILMD). The article presents the methodology for obtaining the opto-electrical characteristic feature of a typical CCD digital camera and focuses on the non- linearity correction method. Full Text: PDF ReferencesD. Wüller and H. Gabele, "The usage of digital cameras as luminance meters," in Digital Photography III, 2007, p. 65020U CrossRef P. Fiorentin and A. Scroccaro, "Detector-Based Calibration for Illuminance and Luminance Meters-Experimental Results," IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 59, no. 5, pp. 1375-1381, 2010 CrossRef M. Shpak, P. Kärhä, G. Porrovecchio, M. Smid, and E. Ikonen, "Luminance meter for photopic and scotopic measurements in the mesopic range," Meas. Sci. Technol, vol. 25, no. 9, p. 95001, 2014, CrossRef P. Fiorentin, P. Iacomussi, and G. Rossi, "Characterization and calibration of a CCD detector for light engineering," IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 171-177, 2005, CrossRef I. Fryc and E. Czech, "Application of optical fibers and CCD array for measurement of luminance distribution," in Proc. SPIE 5064, Lightmetry 2002: Metrology and Testing Techniques Using Light, 2003, pp. 18-21, CrossRef I. Fryc, "Accuracy of spectral correction of a CCD array for luminance distribution measurement," in Proc. SPIE 5064, Lightmetry 2002: Metrology and Testing Techniques Using Light, 2003, pp. 38-42, CrossRef I. Fryc, "Analysis of the spectral correction errors of illuminance meter photometric head under the influence of the diffusing element," Optical Engineering, vol. 40, no. 8, pp. 1636-1640, 2001. CrossRef D. Czyzewski, "Monitoring of the subsequent LED lighting installation in Warsaw in the years 2014-2015," in Proceedings of 2016 IEEE Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries, Lumen V4 2016, 2016, pp. 1-4, CrossRef M. Sielachowska, D. Tyniecki, and M. Zajkowski, "Measurements of the Luminance Distribution in the Classroom Using the SkyWatcher Type System," in 2018 VII. Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries (Lumen V4), 2018, pp. 1-5, CrossRef W. Malska and H. Wachta, "Elements of inferential statistics in a quantitative assessment of illuminations of architectural structures," in 2016 IEEE Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries (Lumen V4), 2016, pp. 1-6, CrossRef T. Kruisselbrink, R. Dangol, and A. Rosemann, "Photometric measurements of lighting quality: An overview," Building and Environment, vol. 138, pp. 42-52, 2018. CrossRef A. Borisuit, M. Münch, L. Deschamps, J. Kämpf, and J.-L. Scartezzini, "A new device for dynamic luminance mapping and glare risk assessment in buildings," in Proc. SPIE 8485. Nonimaging Optics: Efficient Design for Illumination and Solar Concentration IX, 2012, vol. 8485, p. 84850M, CrossRef I. Lewin and J. O'Farrell, "Luminaire photometry using video camera techniques," Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 57-63, 1999, CrossRef D. Czyżewski, "Research on luminance distributions of chip-on-board light-emitting diodes," Crystals, vol. 9, no. 12, pp. 1-14, 2019, CrossRef K. Tohsing, M. Schrempf, S. Riechelmann, H. Schilke, and G. Seckmeyer, "Measuring high-resolution sky luminance distributions with a CCD camera," Applied optics, vol. 52, no. 8, pp. 1564-1573, 2013. CrossRef D. Czyzewski, "Investigation of COB LED luminance distribution," in Proceedings of 2016 IEEE Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries, Lumen V4 2016, 2016, pp. 1-4, CrossRef A. de Vries, J. L. Souman, B. de Ruyter, I. Heynderickx, and Y. A. W. de Kort, "Lighting up the office: The effect of wall luminance on room appraisal, office workers' performance, and subjective alertness," Building and Environment, 2018 CrossRef D. Silvestre, J. Guy, J. Hanck, K. Cornish, and A. Bertone, "Different luminance- and texture-defined contrast sensitivity profiles for school-aged children," Nature. Scientific Reports, vol. 10, no. 13039, 2020, CrossRef H. Wachta, K. Baran, and M. Leśko, "The meaning of qualitative reflective features of the facade in the design of illumination of architectural objects," in AIP Conference Proceedings, 2019, vol. 2078, no. 1, p. 20102. CrossRef CIE, "Technical raport CIE 231:2019. CIE Classification System of Illuminance and Luminance Meters.," Vienna, Austria, 2019. CrossRef DIN, "Standard DIN 5032-7:2017. Photometry - Part 7: Classification of illuminance meters and luminance meters.," 2017. DirectLink CEN, "EN 13032-1:2004. Light and lighting - Measurement and presentation of photometric data of lamps and luminaires - Part 1: Measurement and file format," Bruxelles, Belgium., 2004. DirectLink CIE, "Technical raport CIE 231:2019. CIE Classification System of Illuminance and Luminance Meters," Vienna, Austria, 2019 CrossRef E. Czech, D. Czyzewski, "The linearization of the relationship between scene luminance and digital camera output levels", Photonics Letter of Poland 13, 1 (2021). CrossRef

scholarly journals The light color quality of LED operating at winter temperatures

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Tabaka ◽  
Pawel Rozga
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Solid State Lighting ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
Led Light ◽  
Fluorescent Lamps ◽  
Color Rendering ◽  
Incandescent Lamps ◽  
Colour Rendering

The paper presents the results of calculations of colorimetric parameters of LED sources operating at a temperature range from -25oC to 25oC. The chromaticity coordinates and color rendition quality parameters were calculated on the basis of registered spectral distributions of radiation. For individual LED chromaticity shift is illustrated at CIE 1931 x,y diagram with 3 step and 7 step MacAdam ellipses. Full Text: PDF ReferencesJ. P. Freyssinier, D. Frering, J. Taylor, N. Narendran, and P. Rizzo, Reducing lighting energy use in retail display windows. Sixth International Conference on Solid State Lighting, Proceedings of SPIE 6337, 63371L (2006). CrossRef Aman, M. M., et al., 2013. Analysis of the performance of domestic lighting lamps, Energy Policy, CrossRef E. Elijošiute, J. Balciukevičiute, G. Denafas, Life cycle assessment of; compact fluorescent and incandescent lamps: Comparative analysis. Environ Res. Eng. Manag. 61 (3), pp. 65-72, (2012), CrossRef D. Czyzewski, LED substitutes of conventional incandescent lamps Przeglad Elektrotechniczny R. 88, No. 11 (2012), CrossRef P. Tabaka, P. Rozga, Assessment of methods of marking LED sources with the power of equivalent light bulb, ulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences, Vol. 65, No. 6, (2017) CrossRef I. Fryc, P. Jakubowski, K. Kołacz, Analysis of optical radiation parameters of compact discharge HID lamps and LED COB modules used for illuminating shop windows, Przeglad Elektrotechniczny,R. 93, No 11, (2017); pp. 186-189, CrossRef T. Kawabata, Y. Ohno; Optical measurements of OLED panels for lighting applications, pp 1176-1186 Jun 2013, Journal of Modern Optics, Vol. 60, 2013 Issue 14 CrossRef W. Żagan, Conditions necessary to replacing the conventional lamps by energy-saving lamps, Przeglad Elektrotechniczny R. 85, No. 5, pp. 100-104, (2009). DirectLink P. Tabaka; Influence of Ambient Temperature on Colour Properties of Low-Pressure Fluorescent Lamps, Light & Engineering, Vol. 23; No. 2; (2015). DirectLink W. R. Ryckaert, et al., Linear LED tubes versus fluorescent lamps: An evaluation. Energy Build. 49, pp. 429-436. CrossRef M. Zalesinska, J. Zablocka, K. Wandachowicz, Evaluation of Selected Parameters of Non-Directional Household Lamps, Conference: 2018 VII. Lighting Conference of the Visegrad Countries (Lumen V4), CrossRef I. Fryc; Measurement techniques of optical LEDs properties performed with compliance conformity with CIE 127:2007 standard, Przeglad Elektrotechniczny R. 85, No. 11, pp. 317-319, (2009) DirectLink IESNA, IES Approved Method: Measuring Lumen Maintenance of LED Light Sources. IES LM-80-08', IES Subcommittee on Solid-State Lighting of the IES Testing Procedures Committee (2018). DirectLink D. B. Judd, Estimation of chromaticity differences and nearest color temperature on the standard 1931 ICI colorimetric coordinate system. J. Opt. Soc. America 26 (11), 421, (1936) CrossRef CIE 177:2007 Colour Rendering of White LED Light Sources DirectLink CIE 13.3-1995 Method of Measuring and Specifying Colour. DirectLink CIE 224:2017 Colour Fidelity Index for accurate scientific use DirectLink CIE 15:2004 Colorimetry. DirectLink D. Mozysrska, M. Wyrwas, I. Fryc, The determination of the LEDs colorimetric parameters, in the range of their operating temperature, Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, R. 93, No. 4a, pp. 232-234, (2012). DirectLink J. Kowalska, Analysis of parameters describing the quality of the color rendering of light sources according to the IES TM-30-15 and the CIE 013.3-1995, Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, R. 93, No. 6; pp. 50-54, (2017) CrossRef J. Kowalska, I. Fryc, Colour rendition quality of typical fluorescent lamps determined by CIE Colour Fidelity Index and Colour Rendering Index, Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, R. 95, No. 7; (2019), pp. 94-97 CrossRef J. Kowalska, Ambiguity and limitations in determining the quality of the color rendering of light sources by index Ra (CIE CRI), Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, R. 93 No. 5, pp. 74-78, (2017) CrossRef I. Fryc, J. Fryc, A. Wasowski, Considerations about determining color rendering of light sources, Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, R. 92 No. 2, pp. 218-223, (2016) CrossRef I. Fryc, LED's spectral power distribution under different condition of operating temperature and driving current, Przeglad Elektrotechniczny, R. 86, No. 10, pp. 187-189, (2010). DirectLink A. David, P. Fini, K. Houser et al., Development of the IES method for evaluating the color rendition of light sources, Optics Express; Vol. 23; Issue 12, pp. 15888-15906, (2015). CrossRef K. Houser, M. Mossman, K. Smet et al, Tutorial, Color Rendering and Its Applications in Lighting, LEUKOS; Vol. 12, Issue 1-2; pp. 7-26; (2016). CrossRef

scholarly journals Sistema de Iluminação Publica Inteligente

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Rodrigues de la Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Rational Use

Public street lighting management is a well known problemwhich can be revisited from the perspective of Smart Cities.In Smart Cities there is an interconnection of services andinfrastructure to provide sustainable growth and improvementsin citizens’ quality of life. In this research work, weexplore new low cost technologies to create a smart streetlight system capable of monitoring and controlling the lamps,thus reducing the costs with maintenance and allowing amore rational use of electricity.

LED Street Lighting: A Looking Ahead Perspective

Green ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1-6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosaria Ciriminna ◽  
Lorenzo Albanese ◽  
Francesco Meneguzzo ◽  
Mario Pagliaro
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Common Pathway ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Global Impact ◽  
Remote Areas ◽  
Quality Principles ◽  
The Common ◽  
Reduce Carbon Dioxide

AbstractProvided that LED street lighting is guided by quality principles, outdoor illumination using light-emitting diodes will have a significant global impact helping to reduce carbon dioxide emissions, save relevant amounts of electricity and enhance the quality of life in cities as well as in remote areas. This study summarizes recent findings providing guidelines for further progress in this crucially important technology on the common pathway to sustainable development.

Method of numerical estimating aerial images indicators quality for mapping purposes

2021 ◽  
Vol 968 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
I.A. Anikeeva
Keyword(s):  
Random Noise ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Aerial Images ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Correct Color ◽  
Numerical Assessment ◽  
Airborne Imaging ◽  
Imaging Sensors ◽  
Color Rendering

The task of assessing the quality of aerial imagery, obtained for mapping, in terms of vision properties, is very ambiguous due to the lack of objective criteria and evaluation methods. A system of indicators for aerial images quality and methods of their numerical assessment is presented. The fine aerial image’s quality is characterized by a set of its structural and gradation properties. The structural properties of the image are determined by the actual spatial resolution and photographic sharpness. Gradation properties of an image are characterized by the correct color rendering, the level of random noise and information completeness indicators – haze, radiometric resolution and the percentage of information loss in illumination and shadows.Methods of evaluating these indicators are formulated, and their recommended and acceptable numerical values are determined analytically. To clarify and correct the obtained analytical recommended and acceptable numerical values of the image quality indicators of their practical application possibility and further experimental studies are necessary with materials, obtained through various airborne imaging sensors for mapping.

ILLUMINANCE DISTRIBUTION MEASUREMENT OF MUSEUM EXHIBITS USING DIGITAL IMAGING LUMINANCE METER

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Bartsev ◽  
A.A. Bartseva
Keyword(s):  
Digital Imaging ◽  
Measurement Method ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Uncertainty Estimation ◽  
Experimental Uncertainty ◽  
Distribution Measurement ◽  
Museum Exhibits ◽  
Luminance Distribution ◽  
Museum Objects

The method for estimating the illuminance distribution in the vertical plane of museum objects (paintings) using a digital imaging luminance meters (ILMD) is considered. In order to pass from the luminance distribution to the illuminance distribution, a screen with reflective properties close to diffuse (Lambert) reflection is used. The theoretical and experimental uncertainty estimation of the measurement method done.

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