Antiretroviral therapy outcomes among adolescents and young adults in a Tertiary Hospital in Kenya

Background: Limited data is available on the treatment outcomes of HIV infected adolescents and young adults (AYA) in sub-Saharan Africa. HIV-infected adolescents and young adults (AYA) are at high risk of developing antiretroviral treatment failure. Objective: To determine the clinical, immunological and virologic outcomes of AYA at a tertiary hospital in Kenya. Methodology: A longitudinal study was conducted among AYA age 10-24 years attending Kenyatta National Hospital comprehensive care center. Clinical data was abstracted from electronic medical records for study participants with at least 6 months of follow-up using a structured data abstraction sheet. Results: A total of 250 AYA age 10 to 24 years were included. The median age was 16 years. The median CD4 cell count was 650.6 cells/mm3 (IQR 350.7-884.0). More than half (60.6%) of AYA had a CD4 cell count higher than 500 cells/mm3. Overall, 76.9% of AYA had achieved viral suppression (viral load <1000 copies/ml). There was a significant increase in virologic failure with higher age and late adolescents and young adults were more likely to have a viral load > 1000 copies/ ml p<0.012. Conclusion: The overall virologic suppression in this cohort of AYA was sub-optimal. Both immunological and virologic outcomes were worse among late adolescents (18-19 years) and young adults (20-24 years). Keywords: Adolescents; HIV; Kenya; virologic suppression; young adults.

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Antiretroviral therapy outcomes among adolescents and young adults in a Tertiary Hospital in Kenya

African Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ahs.v21i.2s ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Patrick Mburugu ◽

Peter Muiruri ◽

Nelly Opiyo ◽

Justus Simba ◽

Jane Adunda ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Adults ◽

Viral Load ◽

Cell Count ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Adolescents And Young Adults ◽

Virologic Suppression ◽

Late Adolescents ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

Cd4 Cell

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Baseline CD4 + Cell Count, Not Viral Load, Correlates With Virologic Suppression Induced by Potent Antiretroviral Therapy

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes ◽

10.1097/00042560-200112010-00002 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 313-319

Author(s):

Gail Skowron ◽

James C. Street ◽

Elizabeth M. Obee

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Cell Count ◽

Virologic Suppression ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

Cd4 Cell

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RISK FACTORS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF NON-HODGKIN’S LYMPHOMA IN PATIENTS WITH HIV AND HEPATITIS С COINFECTION

Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases (Russian Journal) ◽

10.17816/eid40752 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 4-8

Author(s):

E. L Melnikova ◽

E. V Volchkova ◽

E. V Ivannikov ◽

A. Ya Olshansky ◽

V. N Vdovina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Viral Load ◽

Cell Count ◽

Hodgkin's Lymphoma ◽

Virologic Suppression ◽

Hiv Viral Load ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

The Mean ◽

Hcv Coinfection ◽

Cd4 Cell

The objective of the study was to investigate risk factors for the development of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in HIV-infected patients with hepatitis С virus (HCV) coinfection. A total of 37 HIV-positive subjects with NHL treated in the Moscow Center for Prevention and Control of AIDS between 2009 and 2013 were included in the study. HIV patients were divided into 2 groups: 23 cases with HCV coinfection and 14 patients without HCV coinfection. At the time of making the diagnosis of NHL 90% of patients had CD4 cell count < 350 cell/mm 3. The mean CD4 cell count in the first group (120±123 cell/mm 3) was significantly lower (p=0,035), than in patients without HCV coinfection (267±253 cell/mm3). At the time of making the diagnosis of NHL 70% of patients had HIV viral load ≥5,00 log10. The mean viral load was 5,47±1,09 log10 copies/ml in the first group and 4,06±2,03 log10 copies/ml in the second group (p=0,033). At the time of making the diagnosis of NHL 78% of patients did not receive combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). In most patients who received cART virologic suppression unsufficient and CD4 cell count remained to be low. Risk factors associated with an increased risk of NHL in HIV-infected patients with HCV coinfection are low CD4 cell count, high HIV viral load and lack of effective cART. Timely initiation of cART followed by complete virologic suppression and CD4 recovery are key factors to prevent NHL in HIV-infected patients.

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Baseline CD4 + Cell Count, Not Viral Load, Correlates With Virologic Suppression Induced by Potent Antiretroviral Therapy

JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes ◽

10.1097/00126334-200112010-00002 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 313-319 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Gail Skowron ◽

James C. Street ◽

Elizabeth M. Obee

Keyword(s):

Viral Load ◽

Antiretroviral Therapy ◽

Cell Count ◽

Virologic Suppression ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

Cd4 Cell

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Effect of emergency major abdominal surgery on CD4 cell count among HIV positive patients in a sub Saharan Africa tertiary hospital - a prospective study

BMC Surgery ◽

10.1186/1471-2482-13-4 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Gabriel Okumu ◽

Patson Makobore ◽

Sam Kaggwa ◽

Andrew Kambugu ◽

Moses Galukande

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Surgery ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Cell Count ◽

Tertiary Hospital ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Hiv Positive ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Cd4 Cell

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Frequency of Cytomegalovirus Viral Load in Iranian Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1-Infected Patients with CD4+ Counts <100 Cells/mm3

Intervirology ◽

10.1159/000514385 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Mohammad Reza Jabbari ◽

Hoorieh Soleimanjahi ◽

Somayeh Shatizadeh Malekshahi ◽

Mohammad Gholami ◽

Leila Sadeghi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Viral Load ◽

Cell Count ◽

Previous History ◽

Cd4 Count ◽

Cd4 Cell Count ◽

Cell Counts ◽

Immunodeficiency Virus ◽

Cd4 Cell ◽

Hiv 1

Objectives: The aim of present work was to assess cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia in Iranian human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-infected patients with a CD4+ count <100 cells/mm3 and to explore whether CMV DNA loads correlate with CD4+ cell counts or associated retinitis. Methods: This study was conducted at the AIDS research center in Iran on HIV-1-infected patients with CD4+ count <100 cells/mm3, antiretroviral therapy-naive, aged ≥18 years with no previous history of CMV end-organ disease (CMV-EOD). Results: Thirty-nine of 82 patients (47.56%) had detectable CMV viral load ranging from 66 to 485,500 IU/mL. CMV viral load in patients with retinitis ranges from 352 to 2,720 IU/mL, and it was undetectable in 2 patients. No significant associations between CMV viremia and CD4+ cell count was found (p value = 0.31), whereas significant association of CMV viremia in HIV-infected patients with retinitis was found (p < 0.02). Conclusions: We estimated the frequency of CMV viral load infection in Iranian HIV-1-infected patients with a CD4+ cell count <100 mm3/mL in the largest national referral center for HIV-1 infection in Iran. Further research is required on the relevance of CMV viral load in diagnostic and prognostic value of CMV-EOD.

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