Body size, body composition and physical fitness of 7-years-old Ellisras rural children, South Africa: Ellisras Longitudinal Study (ELS)

2004 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Monyeki ◽  
AL Toriola ◽  
KD Monyeki ◽  
SJ Brits ◽  
AE Pienaar
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Rural Children

scholarly journals Food insecurity, diet quality and body composition: data from the Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative (HeLTI) pilot survey in urban Soweto, South Africa

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Sarah H Kehoe ◽  
Stephanie V Wrottesley ◽  
Lisa Ware ◽  
Alessandra Prioreschi ◽  
Catherine Draper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Life Trajectories

Abstract Objective: To determine whether food security, diet diversity and diet quality are associated with anthropometric measurements and body composition among women of reproductive age. The association between food security and anaemia prevalence was also tested. Design: Secondary analysis of cross-sectional data from the Healthy Life Trajectories Initiative (HeLTI) study. Food security and dietary data were collected by an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Hb levels were measured using a HemoCue, and anaemia was classified as an altitude-adjusted haemoglobin level < 12·5 g/dl. Body size and composition were assessed using anthropometry and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Setting: The urban township of Soweto, Johannesburg, South Africa. Participants: Non-pregnant women aged 18–25 years (n 1534). Results: Almost half of the women were overweight or obese (44 %), and 9 % were underweight. Almost a third of women were anaemic (30 %). The prevalence rates of anaemia and food insecurity were similar across BMI categories. Food insecure women had the least diverse diets, and food security was negatively associated with diet quality (food security category v. diet quality score: B = –0·35, 95 % CI –0·70, –0·01, P = 0·049). Significant univariate associations were observed between food security and total lean mass. However, there were no associations between food security and body size or composition variables in multivariate models. Conclusions: Our data indicate that food security is an important determinant of diet quality in this urban-poor, highly transitioned setting. Interventions to improve maternal and child nutrition should recognise both food security and the food environment as critical elements within their developmental phases.

Changes in Body Composition and Physical Fitness in Adolescents with Down Syndrome: The UP&DOWN Longitudinal Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 397-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borja Suarez-Villadat ◽  
Oscar L. Veiga ◽  
Ariel Villagra ◽  
Rocio Izquierdo-Gomez ◽  
Ascension Marcos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Down Syndrome ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Physical Fitness

scholarly journals Higher log position is not associated with better physical fitness in professional soccer teams in South Africa

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
JR Clark
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
South African ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Soccer Teams ◽  
Physical Tests ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Repeat Sprint

Objective. To assess the difference in physical fitness of players in successful versus less-successful professional soccer teams in South Africa. Design. Professional soccer players (N = 140) underwent a battery of tests assessing important physiological components during the early part of their competitive season. Players were then separated into two groups on the basis of their teams' final log position in the Premier Soccer League (PSL) in South Africa. Players in successful (N = 70) and less-successful (N = 70) teams were in the top four or bottom six positions on the log respectively. Descriptive statistics (mean ± standard deviation (SD)) were calculated for each group, and independent t-tests were used to compare the means of the groups for each of the physical tests. Main outcome measures. Body composition, flexibility, muscle strength-endurance, power, speed, agility, aerobic endurance, and repeat sprint distance. Results. There were no significant differences between groups for all measures of body composition, flexibility, repeat sprint distance, and agility. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were found for sit-ups, aerobic endurance, and speed, but these were generally small, not meaningful differences in performance. Players in successful squads were significantly (p < 0.01) older than those in less-successful teams. Conclusions. The results demonstrate that in South Africa level of physical fitness is not higher in more-successful compared with less-successful teams in the PSL. Factors other than physical fitness may be more important in determining successful league performance and discrimi-nate better between players in teams with different levels of success. Improving professional soccer performance may require coaches and trainers to focus more attention on technical and tactical skill development in sport-specific training once an acceptable standard of fitness has been attained.. South African Journal of Sports Medicine Vol. 19 (2) 2007: pp. 40-45

scholarly journals Using the SITAR Method to Estimate Age at Peak Height Velocity of Children in Rural South Africa: Ellisras Longitudinal Study

Children ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Chris Nembidzane ◽  
Maseka Lesaoana ◽  
Kotsedi Daniel Monyeki ◽  
Alexander Boateng ◽  
Phuti J. Makgae
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Rural Children ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Rural South ◽  
Rural South Africa

Various studies have been conducted on children using the Ellisras Longitudinal Study Survey in South Africa, but none of these has addressed growth variations of children in this rural location. The aim of this paper is to assess the age at peak height velocity using the superimposition by translation and rotation (SITAR) method for both boys and girls in rural South Africa. The study is part of the on-going Ellisras Longitudinal Study, and has employed secondary data during the period from November 1996 to November 2003. The data was collected biannually in May and November each year. The Ellisras study initially followed a cluster sampling method. All participating children underwent a series of anthropometric measurements of height and weight according to the standard procedures recommended by the International Society for the Advancement of Kinanthropometry. The analysis was done using the SITAR model. Age at peak height velocity for Ellisras rural children was at 14.45 years for boys at 11.82 years for girls. Ellisras rural girls had their age at peak height velocity way earlier than Ellisras rural boys did by an estimated 2.63 years. Ellisras rural children and their growth variations were comparable to other studies.

scholarly journals Aptidão física, composição corporal e autopercepção de nível de atividade física em estudantes de Educação Física: um estudo longitudinal (2015-2018)

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vitor Costa Valente ◽  
Gustavo Costa Valente ◽  
Mariana Passini ◽  
Bianca Andrade Ferreira ◽  
Marcelo Conte
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Medicine Ball

Introdução: : Na atualidade, as pessoas são incentivadas a praticar exercícios físicos e a adotar um estilo de vida ativo. Dentre os cursos da área da saúde, a Educação Física é o que apresenta o maior número de universitários com bom nível de atividade física e consequente aptidão física.Objetivo: Comparar a aptidão física, a composição corporal e a autopercepção do nível de atividade física habitual dos alunos do curso de Educação Física da Escola Superior de Educação Física de Jundiaí (ESEF) no primeiro e no último ano de curso.Métodos: Estudo longitudinal com uma amostra por conveniência, do qual participaram 53 alunos do curso de bacharelado em Educação Física, que foram avaliados no primeiro (2015) e no último ano (2018), por meio de anamnese, avaliações em composição corporal e em aptidão física (aptidão cardiorrespiratória, flexibilidade, resistência e força muscular). O teste de t Student pareado foi utilizado para comparar os dados.Resultados: Houve diferenças significativas em peso(kg), +3,8% (p=0,002); IMC(kg/m2) +5% (p=0,00025); RCQ(cm) +4,9% (p= 0,00015); percentual de gordura corporal(%) -14,1%, (p=<0,0001); arremesso de medicine ball(cm) +6,2% (p=0,0006); flexão de braços(repetições) +10,8% (p=0,0051); VO2máx(ml/kg/m), -7,3% (p= 0,0384). Salto Vertical, abdominal(repetições) e flexibilidade não houve diferenças estatisticamente significativas.Conclusão: Os alunos apresentaram aumento de massa corporal, redução no percentual de gordura e melhores resultados nos testes de força e resistência muscular dos membros superiores. Entretanto, o desempenho no teste de aptidão cardiorrespiratória piorou ao longo do curso. Os resultados foram discutidos.Physical Fitness, Body Composition and Self-Perception of Physical Activity Level in Physical Education Undergraduates: A Longitudinal Study (2015-2018)Introduction: Nowadays, people are encouraged to exercise and adopt an active lifestyle. Among the courses in the area of health, Physical Education is the one that presents the highest number of university students with a good level of physical activity and consequent physical fitness.Objective: To compare the physical fitness, body composition and self-perception of the habitual physical activity level of the students of the Physical Education course of the Higher School of Physical Education of Jundiaí (ESEF) in the first and last year of the course.Methods: This was a longitudinal study with a sample of convenience, in which 53 students from the baccalaureate degree in Physical Education participated, who were evaluated in the first (2015) and last year (2018), through anamnesis, body composition and physical fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness, flexibility, endurance and muscular strength). The paired Student t test was used to compare the data.Results: There were significant differences in weight (kg), + 3.8% (p = 0.002); BMI (kg / m2) + 5% (p = 0.00025); RCQ (cm) + 4.9% (p = 0.00015); percentage of body fat (%) -14.1%, (p = <0.0001); medicine ball pitch (cm) + 6.2% (p = 0.0006); arm flexion (repetitions) + 10.8% (p = 0.0051); VO2max (ml / kg / m), -7.3% (p = 0.0384). Vertical jumping, abdominal (repetitions) and flexibility were not statistically significant differences.Conclusion: The students presented increase of body mass, reduction in fat percentage and better results in tests of strength and muscular endurance of the upper limbs. However, performance in the cardiorespiratory fitness test worsened throughout the course. The results were discussed.

scholarly journals Tracking of Body Composition and Physical Fitness in Elementary School Boys and Girls from age 7 to age 12 years: six-year Longitudinal Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 664-679
Author(s):  
Jongkook Song ◽  
강효정 ◽  
김현배 ◽  
MYONGWON, SEO ◽  
김민형 ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elementary School ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Physical Fitness
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document