scholarly journals In vitro efficacy of act drugs on Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates from Kano and Katsina States, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
B.M. Aminu ◽  
M.D. Mukhtar
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Clinical Isolates

scholarly journals Effect of Fluorescent Dyes onIn Vitro-Differentiated, Late-Stage Plasmodium falciparum Gametocytes

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 7398-7404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamirat Gebru ◽  
Benjamin Mordmüller ◽  
Jana Held
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Late Stage ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Laboratory Strain ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Highly Active

ABSTRACTPlasmodium falciparumgametocytes are not associated with clinical symptoms, but they are responsible for transmitting the pathogen to mosquitoes. Therefore, gametocytocidal interventions are important for malaria control and resistance containment. Currently available drugs and vaccines are not well suited for that purpose. Several dyes have potent antimicrobial activity, but their use against gametocytes has not been investigated systematically. The gametocytocidal activity of nine synthetic dyes and four control compounds was tested against stage V gametocytes of the laboratory strain 3D7 and three clinical isolates ofP. falciparumwith a bioluminescence assay. Five of the fluorescent dyes had submicromolar 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) values against mature gametocytes. Three mitochondrial dyes, MitoRed, dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide (DiOC6), and rhodamine B, were highly active (IC50s < 200 nM). MitoRed showed the highest activity against gametocytes, with IC50s of 70 nM against 3D7 and 120 to 210 nM against clinical isolates. All compounds were more active against the laboratory strain 3D7 than against clinical isolates. In particular, the endoperoxides artesunate and dihydroartemisinin showed a 10-fold higher activity against 3D7 than against clinical isolates. In contrast to all clinically used antimalarials, several fluorescent dyes had surprisingly highin vitroactivity against late-stage gametocytes. Since they also act against asexual blood stages, they shall be considered starting points for the development of new antimalarial lead compounds.

scholarly journals A SYBR Green 1-based in vitro test of susceptibility of Ghanaian Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates to a panel of anti-malarial drugs

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neils B Quashie ◽  
Nancy O Duah ◽  
Benjamin Abuaku ◽  
Lydia Quaye ◽  
Ruth Ayanful-Torgby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Sybr Green ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Vitro Test

scholarly journals Attenuation of Plasmodium falciparum in vitro drug resistance phenotype following culture adaptation compared to fresh clinical isolates in Cambodia

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwanna Chaorattanakawee ◽  
Charlotte A. Lanteri ◽  
Siratchana Sundrakes ◽  
Kritsanai Yingyuen ◽  
Panita Gosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Resistance Phenotype ◽  
Culture Adaptation

scholarly journals Piperaquine resistant Cambodian Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates: in vitro genotypic and phenotypic characterization

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nonlawat Boonyalai ◽  
Brian A. Vesely ◽  
Chatchadaporn Thamnurak ◽  
Chantida Praditpol ◽  
Watcharintorn Fagnark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization

scholarly journals Decreasingpfmdr1Copy Number Suggests that Plasmodium falciparum in Western Cambodia Is RegainingIn VitroSusceptibility to Mefloquine

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 2934-2937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pharath Lim ◽  
Dalin Dek ◽  
Vorleak Try ◽  
Sokunthea Sreng ◽  
Seila Suon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Combination Therapy ◽  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Artemisinin Combination Therapy ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACTDihydroartemisinin-piperaquine is the current frontline artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) forPlasmodium falciparummalaria in Cambodia but is now failing in several western provinces. To investigate artesunate plus mefloquine (AS+MQ) as a replacement ACT, we measured the prevalence of multiplepfmdr1copies—a molecular marker for MQ resistance—in 844P. falciparumclinical isolates collected in 2008 to 2013. Thepfmdr1copy number is decreasing in Western Cambodia, suggesting thatP. falciparumis regainingin vitrosusceptibility to MQ.

scholarly journals Gametocytes from K13 Propeller Mutant Plasmodium falciparum Clinical Isolates Demonstrate Reduced Susceptibility to Dihydroartemisinin in the Male Gamete Exflagellation Inhibition Assay

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Lozano ◽  
Pablo Gamallo ◽  
Carolina González-Cortés ◽  
Jesús-Luís Presa Matilla ◽  
Rick M. Fairhurst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Male Gamete ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Inhibition Assay ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Gamete Formation

ABSTRACT Mutations in the kelch propeller domain (K13 propeller) of Plasmodium falciparum parasites from Southeast Asia are associated with reduced susceptibility to artemisinin. We exposed in vitro-cultured stage V gametocytes from Cambodian K13 propeller mutant parasites to dihydroartemisinin and evaluated the inhibition of male gamete formation in an in vitro exflagellation inhibition assay (EIA). Gametocytes with the R539T and C580Y K13 propeller alleles were less susceptible to dihydroartemisinin and had significantly higher 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) than did gametocytes with wild-type alleles.

scholarly journals Antiplasmodial activity of Anthocleista djalonensis leaves extracts against clinical isolates of Plasmodium falciparum and multidrug resistant K1 strains

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 130-138
Author(s):  
Brice Kouakou Bla ◽  
Oléfongo Dagnogo ◽  
Rolland Gueyraud Kipré ◽  
Opportune Gogo Ballé ◽  
Jonhson David Trébissou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasmodium Falciparum ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Antiplasmodial Activity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Phytochemical Screening ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts

Information collected from nine (09) traditional healers in the Moronou village in the Department of Toumodi revealed that Anthocleista djanlonensis is regularly used by the population for primary health care in the processing of malaria. Evaluation of the In vitro antiplasmodial activity showed that the aqueous extracts inhibit growth of clinical isolates and chloroquinoresistant strains (K1) with IC50 of 8.29 µg/mL and 10.23 µg/mL while the ethanolic extracts had IC50 of 37.65 µg/mL and 46.07 µg/mL on the same strains respectively. Results of the In vitro antimalarial bioassay showed that aqueous extracts have promising antiplasmodial effects on clinical isolates and on Plasmodium falciparum multidrug resistant K1 strain (3 µg/mL <IC50 <15 µg/mL). Phytochemical screening revealed that the extracts contain mainly alkaloids, polyphenols, polyterpenes and flavonoids

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