scholarly journals Development and assessment of a daily time-step continuous simulation modelling approach for design flood estimation at ungauged locations: ACRU model and Thukela Catchment case study

Water SA ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
JC Smithers ◽  
KT Chetty ◽  
MS Frezghi ◽  
DM Knoesen ◽  
MH Tewolde
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Continuous Simulation ◽  
Flood Estimation ◽  
Daily Time Step ◽  
Daily Time ◽  
Modelling Approach

scholarly journals An assessment of scale issues related to the configuration of the ACRU model for design flood estimation

2011 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 401-412
Author(s):  
K. Chetty ◽  
J. C. Smithers
Keyword(s):  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Research Unit ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
Critical Question ◽  
Continuous Simulation ◽  
Agricultural Catchments ◽  
Flood Estimation ◽  
Modelling Process

A continuous simulation modelling approach to design flood estimation has many advantages and overcomes many limitations of commonly used design event approaches. A major concern with continuous simulation using a hydrological model is the scale at which modelling should take place. According to researchers, the level of representation that will preserve the physical chain of hydrological processes, both in terms of scale of representation and level of description of the physical parameters for the modelling process, is a critical question which must be addressed. Objectives of this research were to determine the optimum levels of catchment discretization and soil and land cover information and to assess the optimum use of daily rainfall stations for the configuration of the Agricultural Catchments Research Unit (ACRU) agrohydrological model when used for design flood estimation. Results obtained for selected quaternary catchments in the Thukela catchment and Lions River catchment indicated that modelling at the level of hydrological response units (HRUs), using area-weighted soils information and more than one driver rainfall station where possible, produced the most realistic streamflow volume results when compared with observed streamflows. Design flood estimates from simulated peak flows did not compare well with observed data.

scholarly journals Review: Continuous simulation modelling for design flood estimation – a South African perspective and recommendations

Water SA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (4 October) ◽  
Author(s):  
TJ Rowe ◽  
JC Smithers
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
National Scale ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Continuous Simulation ◽  
Flood Estimation ◽  
Further Development

A number of severe flooding events have occurred both in South Africa and internationally in recent years. Furthermore, changes in both the intensity and frequency of extreme rainfall events have been documented, both locally and internationally, associated with climate change. The recent loss of life, destruction of infrastructure, and associated economic losses caused by flooding, compounded by the probability of increased rainfall variability in the future, highlight that design flood estimation (DFE) techniques within South Africa are outdated and in need of revision. A National Flood Studies Programme (NFSP) has recently been initiated to overhaul DFE procedures in South Africa. One of the recommendations in the NFSP is the further development of a continuous simulation modelling (CSM) system for DFE in South Africa. The focus of this paper is a review of CSM techniques for DFE, to guide further development for application in South Africa. An introduction to DFE, and particularly the CSM approach, is presented, followed by a brief overview of DFE techniques used in South Africa, leading into a more detailed summary of CSM for DFE within South Africa to date. This is followed by a review of the development and application of CSM methods for DFE internationally, with a focus on the United Kingdom and Australia, where methods have been developed with the intention of national scale implementation. It is important to highlight that there is a plethora of CSM methods available internationally and this review is not exhaustive; it focuses on and identifies some of the strengths and weaknesses of several popular methods, particularly those intended for national scale application, as the intended outcome from this review is to identify a path towards the development of a usable national scale CSM system for DFE in South Africa. Emphasis on a usable method is important, considering the reality that, despite promising results, numerous benefits, and national scale methods being developed, it appears that the CSM method for DFE is rarely used in practice.

scholarly journals A continuous modelling approach for design flood estimation on sub-daily time scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 539-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Winter ◽  
K. Schneeberger ◽  
N.V. Dung ◽  
M. Huttenlau ◽  
S. Achleitner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Design Flood ◽  
Flood Estimation ◽  
Daily Time ◽  
Modelling Approach

Alternative climate data sources for distributed hydrological modelling on a daily time step

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1542-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf El-Sadek ◽  
Max Bleiweiss ◽  
Manoj Shukla ◽  
Steve Guldan ◽  
Alexander Fernald
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Daily Time Step ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Daily Time

Enterprise Modelling in Support of Organisation Design and Change

2010 ◽  
pp. 352-378
Author(s):  
Joseph Ajaefobi ◽  
Aysin Rahimifard ◽  
Richard Weston
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Modelling ◽  
Integrated Modelling ◽  
Market Place ◽  
Manufacturing Enterprises ◽  
Enterprise Modelling ◽  
Requirements Change ◽  
Study Application ◽  
Modelling Approach

Enterprises (business organisations) are increasingly operating under uncertain conditions arising from: governments that introduce new regulations; a market place which is shaped by ongoing change in customer requirements; change in capital markets that orient overall market directions; an advancing base of technology; and increasing competition which can arise from a growing number of sources (Monfared, 2000). Consequently, organisations are expected to change rapidly in response to emerging requirements. Classical theories and more recently ‘method-based’ organisation (re)design and change approaches have been proposed and tried with varying degrees of successes. This chapter contribution discusses the role of enterprise and simulation modelling in support of organisation (re)design and change. The capabilities and constraints of some widely acknowledged public domain enterprise modelling frameworks and methods are reviewed. A modelling approach which integrates the use of enterprise modelling (EM), causal loop modelling (CLM), and simulation modelling (SM) is described. The approach enables the generation of coherent and semantically rich models of organisations. The integrated modelling approach has been applied and tested in a number of manufacturing enterprises (MEs) and one case study application is described.

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