Alternative climate data sources for distributed hydrological modelling on a daily time step

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (10) ◽  
pp. 1542-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashraf El-Sadek ◽  
Max Bleiweiss ◽  
Manoj Shukla ◽  
Steve Guldan ◽  
Alexander Fernald
Keyword(s):  
Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Daily Time Step ◽  
Distributed Hydrological Modelling ◽  
Daily Time

Exploiting Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) to assess ongoing and future soil erosion over Italy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Rianna ◽  
Monia Santini ◽  
Marco Mancini ◽  
Roberta Padulano ◽  
Sergio Noce
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Web Application ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Time Step ◽  
R Factor ◽  
Data Store ◽  
Daily Time Step ◽  
Soil Losses ◽  
Daily Time

<p>Soil erosion by water greatly affects Italy impacted by 24% of total soil loss of Europe, 33% of agricultural lands exposed, and costs, e.g. for crop production, up to about 600Meuro. Furthermore, expected increases in severity and magnitude of extreme precipitation events could exacerbate such an issue.</p><p>In this regard, rainfall information at very fine spatial and temporal resolution represents a key point; unfortunately, weather stations are not spread uniformly across regions and they uncommonly provide free data at sub-daily scale. Moreover, the reliable projections of how rainfall will change in the coming decades are hard to store and manage for non-experts.</p><p>In trying to overcome such a gap, Copernicus Climate Change Service (C3S) provides several tools. The C3S is part of the Copernicus Earth Observation Programme and is implemented by the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) on behalf of the European Commission. In particular, Climate Data Store (CDS) hosts rainfall time series for the historical period and most recent decades from observational (E-OBS) and reanalysis (ERA5, ERA5-Land, UERRA) datasets, at (sub) daily time step and with horizontal resolution ranging from 31 km to 5.5 km. For the future, the simulations’ ensemble within EURO-CORDEX (resolution ~12 km, daily time step) are available for robust evaluations, i.e. to consider the uncertainty due to alternative greenhouse gas concentration scenarios and model chain used.</p><p>In this context, in the last months, C3S funded the Demo Case SOIL EROSION implemented by the CMCC Foundation and aimed at assessing ongoing and future soil loss by water erosion over Italy. The Demo Case is expected to develop further specific datasets and a web-application by exploiting products and tools also provided by Climate Data Store (CDS) infrastructure.</p><p>To assess soil losses, the largely adopted Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) is selected. Such an empirical equation combines rainfall erosivity (R-factor), evaluated in this case by exploiting datasets in CDS, to soil susceptibility to erosion due to soil intrinsic properties but also to land cover, land management, and topography. Gridded datasets related to R-factor and soil losses will be then made available within the CDS catalog. Moreover, the web application will permit visualizing and retrieving trends and results for specific areas (e.g. NUTS) in the way of maps and graphs. In addition to the "Basic" mode, the Application is expected to support "what-if" analysis ("Advanced" mode) permitting to understand how variations in land use (C-factor) or management practice (P-factor) can influence soil losses at large scale under current and future conditions.</p>

Daily Time-Step Refinement of Optimized Flood Control Rule Curves for a Global Warming Scenario

2011 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se-Yeun Lee ◽  
Carolyn J. Fitzgerald ◽  
Alan F. Hamlet ◽  
Stephen J. Burges
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Control Rule ◽  
Warming Scenario ◽  
Rule Curves ◽  
Daily Time Step ◽  
Global Warming Scenario ◽  
Daily Time

A model of expansion and senescence of individual leaves of field-grown maize (Zea mays L.)

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Stewart ◽  
L M. Dwyer
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Leaf Area Expansion ◽  
Daily Time Step ◽  
Area Expansion ◽  
Area Development ◽  
Leaf Area Development ◽  
Daily Time

Estimation of leaf area is a major component of plant growth models. In this study, a model was developed to calculate field-grown maize leaf area expansion and senescence on an individual leaf basis. The model began with an equation, based on cumulative growing degree-days from emergence, to initiate leaf area development. The model required daily values of maximum and minimum air temperature, solar radiation and precipitation, had essentially a daily time step with day and night modes, and could be run on commonly accessible computers (micros to mainframes). The objective of the development of the model was to assist plant breeders in optimizing leaf number and shape for adaptation to specific environments. Key words: Leaf area and number, temperature, phenological development

Analysis of the Dynamics of Adaptation to Transgenic Corn and Crop Rotation by Western Corn Rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Using a Daily Time-Step Model

2005 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 534-551 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Crowder ◽  
D. W. Onstad ◽  
M. E. Gray ◽  
C.M.F. Pierce ◽  
A. G. Hager ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Western Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Transgenic Corn ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Step Model ◽  
Daily Time Step ◽  
Daily Time

scholarly journals Evaluation of a MODIS-Based Potential Evapotranspiration Product at the Point Scale

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jongyoun Kim ◽  
Terri S. Hogue
Keyword(s):  
Potential Evapotranspiration ◽  
Simple Algorithm ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Net Radiation ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Satellite Platform ◽  
Daily Time Step ◽  
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ◽  
Daily Time

Abstract This paper outlines the development of a continuous, daily time series of potential evapotranspiration (PET) using Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor data from the Terra satellite platform. The approach is based on the Priestley–Taylor equation, incorporating a daily net radiation model during cloudless days. A simple algorithm using “theoretical clear-sky” net radiation (incorporating daily cloud fraction and cloud optical thickness) and PET is then used to estimate net radiation and PET under cloudy conditions. The method requires minimal ground-based observations for initial calibration of regional radiation algorithm coefficients. Point-scale comparisons are undertaken at four flux-tower sites in North America covering a range of hydroclimatic conditions and biomes. Preliminary results at the daily time step for a 4-yr period (2001–04) show good correlation (R2 = 0.89) and low bias (0.34 mm day−1) for three of the more humid sites. Results are further improved when aggregated to the monthly time scale (R2 = 0.95, bias = 0.31 mm day−1). Performance at the semiarid site is less satisfactory (R2 = 0.95, bias = 2.05 mm day−1 at the daily time step). In general, the MODIS-based daily PET estimates derived in this study are promising and show the potential for use in theoretical and operational water resource studies in both gauged and ungauged basins.

Simulation of the water and isotopic balance of a closed tropical lake at a daily time step (Lake Ihotry, South-West of Madagascar)

2006 ◽  
Vol 88 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 153-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Vallet-Coulomb ◽  
Françoise Gasse ◽  
Laurent Robison ◽  
Luc Ferry
Keyword(s):  
Tropical Lake ◽  
Time Step ◽  
South West ◽  
Daily Time Step ◽  
Daily Time

Population dynamics of rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) in Lakes Ontario and Erie: a modeling analysis of cannibalism effects

2000 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1594-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian F Lantry ◽  
Donald J Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Osmerus Mordax ◽  
Time Step ◽  
Rainbow Smelt ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Daily Time Step ◽  
Annual Time ◽  
Daily Time

We used a stochastic stage-based matrix model (annual time step) and a bioenergetics model (daily time step) to simulate population dynamics, production, consumption, and conversion efficiency for rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax) populations in Lakes Ontario and Erie. Cannibalism on young-of the-year (YOY) smelt by yearlings was the only scenario that reproduced alternate-year recruitment cycles observed in Lakes Ontario and Erie. Assuming constant survivorship and 5% variation in cannibalism, less than one YOY consumed per yearling smelt per year in both lakes could produce fluctuations greater than those observed. We found that at estimated daily mortality rates and during the pelagic phase of larvae only, 2% of the yearling smelt in Lake Erie and 5.1% in Lake Ontario need to consume one YOY per day to induce the observed abundance fluctuations. Bioenergetics simulations of alternating recruitment produced fluctuations in simulated values for annual gross production of approximately 6-7 and 31-59% for the Lake Ontario and Lake Erie smelt populations, respectively.

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