Survival of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 on Some Common Foods Routinely Touched before Consumption

1997 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 1259-1261 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. BARDELL
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Virus Infectivity ◽  
Refrigerator Temperature ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Infectivity Titer

Droplets of saliva containing herpes simplex virus type 1 were placed on the skin of tomatoes and the upper surface of lettuce leaves. There was no loss of virus infectivity titer at refrigerator temperature (2°C) at any time examined up to 1 h, the longest period tested. At room temperature (22 to 24°C) there was a 2-log drop in titer between 30 and 60 min, but some infectious virus was still present at 1 h. The virus-containing saliva remained in a liquid state at 2°C. At 22 to 24°C the droplets became dry at approximately 50 min. Implications of the findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Analysis of synthetic peptides from heptad-repeat domains of herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoproteins H and B

2006 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 1085-1097 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefania Galdiero ◽  
Mariateresa Vitiello ◽  
Marina D'Isanto ◽  
Annarita Falanga ◽  
Craig Collins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Synthetic Peptides ◽  
Coiled Coils ◽  
Heptad Repeat ◽  
Virus Infectivity ◽  
Simplex Virus

Human herpesviruses enter cells by fusion of their own membrane with a cellular membrane through the concerted action of multiple viral proteins and cellular receptors. Two conserved viral glycoproteins, gB and gH, are required for herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1)-mediated membrane fusion, but little is known of how these proteins cooperate during entry. Both glycoproteins were shown to contain heptad repeat (HR) sequences predicted to form α-helical coiled coils, and the inhibitory activity against infection of four sets of synthetic peptides corresponding to HR1 and HR2 of gB and gH was tested. The interactions between these HR peptides were also investigated by circular dichroism, native polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis and size exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography. gH coiled-coil peptides were more effective than gB coiled-coils peptides in inhibiting virus infectivity. The peptides did not impair fusion when added to cells immediately after infection. In contrast, inhibition of infection was observed, albeit to various extents, when peptides were added to virus before or during inoculation. The results of biophysical analyses were indicative of the existence of an interaction between HR1 and HR2 of gH and suggest that the HRs of gB and gH do not interact with each other.

scholarly journals Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Cytoplasmic Envelopment Requires Functional Vps4

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (14) ◽  
pp. 7380-7387 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin M. Crump ◽  
Catherine Yates ◽  
Tony Minson
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Virus Production ◽  
Dominant Negative ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Multivesicular Endosomes

ABSTRACT The assembly and egress of herpesviruses are complex processes that require the budding of viral nucleocapsids into the lumen of cytoplasmic compartments to form mature infectious virus. This envelopment stage shares many characteristics with the formation of luminal vesicles in multivesicular endosomes. Through expression of dominant-negative Vps4, an enzyme that is essential for the formation of luminal vesicles in multivesicular endosomes, we now show that Vps4 function is required for the cytoplasmic envelopment of herpes simplex virus type 1. This is the first example of a large enveloped DNA virus engaging the multivesicular endosome sorting machinery to enable infectious virus production.

scholarly journals The Influence of Cyclosporin Immunosuppression on the Efficacy of Famciclovir or Valaciclovir Chemotherapy Studied in a Murine Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection Model

1997 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Thackray ◽  
HJ Field
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Infection Model ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Simplex Virus

Mice with or without immunosuppression by cyclosporin (Cy) were inoculated with herpes simplex virus type 1 in the ear pinna. Without immunosuppression, 20% of the mice died; clinical signs resolved in survivors and infectious virus was cleared by 7 to 10 days post-inoculation (p.i.). With Cy, mortality was 50%, clinical signs increased and infectious virus persisted. Mice were treated with either valaciclovir (VACV) or famciclovir (FCV) from days 1–5 or 5–10 p.i. and both compounds moderated the disease, but only FCV led to rapid restoration of body weight and complete protection from mortality. Resolution of clinical signs was more marked with immunosuppression. On cessation of VACV therapy, infectious virus recurred on individual days. Without immunosuppression, recurrence was detected in neural tissues only, but with Cy, infectious virus also recurred in skin. No recurrences of infectious virus were observed in any FCV-treated mice.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Structure of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Glycoprotein D at 2.4-Nanometer Resolution

1999 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 7830-7834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Pilling ◽  
Mark F. Rosenberg ◽  
Sharon H. Willis ◽  
Joachim Jäger ◽  
Gary H. Cohen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Virus Infectivity ◽  
Glycoprotein D ◽  
Virus Envelope ◽  
Simplex Virus

ABSTRACT Herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein D (gD) is essential for virus infectivity and is responsible for binding to cellular membrane proteins and subsequently promoting fusion between the virus envelope and the cell. No structural data are available for gD or for any other herpesvirus envelope protein. Here we present a three-dimensional model for the baculovirus-expressed truncated protein gD1(306t) based on electron microscopic data. We demonstrate that gD1(306t) appears as a homotetramer containing a pronounced pocket in the center of the molecule. Monoclonal antibody binding demonstrates that the molecule is oriented such that the pocket protrudes away from the virus envelope.

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Applied Experimentally to Gloves Used for Food Preparation

1995 ◽  
Vol 58 (10) ◽  
pp. 1150-1152 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. BARDELL
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Infectious Virus ◽  
Food Preparation ◽  
Liquid Condition ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Disposable Gloves

Droplets of saliva containing herpes simplex virus type 1 were placed on latex disposable gloves. The temperature at the surface of the gloved hand was 34°C. There was no loss of infectious virus before 15 min. Between 15 and 30 min there was a 2-log-cycle drop in titer, and infectious virus could still be recovered after 1 h, the longest period tested. The drop in titer was due to drying of the saliva, which occurred at approximately 21 min. Infectious virus was transferred by touch to lettuce and ham at 0 min when the virus-containing droplets were in a liquid condition, and after 30 and 60 min when the droplets were dry.

Role of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 120 (5) ◽  
pp. A136-A137
Author(s):  
K TSAMAKIDES ◽  
E PANOTOPOULOU ◽  
D DIMITROULOPOULOS ◽  
M CHRISTOPOULO ◽  
D XINOPOULOS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peptic Ulcer ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Peptic Ulcer Disease ◽  
Virus Type ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus Type ◽  
Ulcer Disease ◽  
Simplex Virus
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