Despite the fact that the historical experience of the construction of socialism has taken place in predominantly agrarian societies, it is notorious that the 'agrarian question' remains unresolved and constrains their progress to a greater or lesser degree [White and White, 1982]. This is all the more crucial for those revolutions of the second half of the twentieth century which, generated in the Third World by the 'liberation struggle', not only seek an increased food supply as the basis for raising popular living standards, but also greater exports from the primary sector (albeit in processed form) to secure imports of producer goods. Thus the agrarian question becomes central to

At the end of the second millennium, we seem to be somewhat nervous agairn. Twentieth-century scientific developments have opened up fascinating new fields of study both in the micro- and macrocosmos. Yet none of the new codes, paradigms, and ideologies appear to bring us nearer to some new and generally shared creed. Life without work for many, not only in the Third World, the successful integration of Europe, armed conflicts on local battlefields, as well as superficialities on TV screens, are our near-to-be contemporaneity. The seeming unlimited technical possibilities of artificial intelligence, the relativtatim of civic values, and a cartoon-like culture portend risks for the fiiture. Yet, while secular and lacking a binding sense of responsibility, postmodem society epitomizes spiritual hunger. Nurtured by good family traditions, the spiritual quest promises an open-ended, post-Godotian future.

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Pluralist Democracy and the Third World

Worldview ◽

10.1017/s0084255900034914 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 21 (10) ◽

pp. 37-41

Author(s):

Raymond D. Gastil

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

Medical Care ◽

Technological Progress ◽

Third World ◽

Opinion Leaders ◽

Forced Labor ◽

Food Energy ◽

The Third ◽

The World ◽

The Third World

In a century of unexampled economic and technological progress, with the most educated and sophisticated population ever known, much of the world still writhes under the torture, brutality, and forced labor exacted by tyrants of both Right and Left. In more than half the world's nations governments are masters and people are subjects, and to seriously criticize the masters is dangerous to both life and limb. This world needs a great many things, including a more adequate distribution of food, energy, and medical care, but surely a high priority must be given to the eradication of tyranny. The opinion leaders of the democracies must strive as dedicatedly to, end public enslavement in the twentieth century as their predecessors strove to end private enslavement in the nineteenth.

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The Decoupling of Farm and Household: Differential Consequences of Capitalist Development on Southern Illinois and Third World Family Farms

Comparative Studies in Society and History ◽

10.1017/s0010417500015334 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 453-482 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Jane H. Adams

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Production ◽

Third World ◽

Family Farms ◽

Capitalist Development ◽

The Third ◽

Farm Production ◽

Working Age ◽

Agrarian Societies ◽

Women's Role ◽

The Third World

The literature on women's role in economic development in the third world indicates that as agrarian societies industrialize, women tend to take on ever greater responsibility for agricultural production, in addition to their reproductive and household duties, as working age men and, in some cases, women seek wage labor to supplement insufficient farm production (Boserup 1970:80–81; Bossen 1984; Deere and León de Leal 1981; Ward 1984).

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From the Empire of Christ to the Third World: Religion and the Experience of Empire in the Twentieth Century

Britain's Experience of Empire in the Twentieth Century ◽

10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199236589.003.0003 ◽

2011 ◽

pp. 76-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jeffrey Cox

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

Third World ◽

World Religion ◽

The Third ◽

The Third World

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The Peasants as a Revolutionary Class: An Early Latin American View

Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs ◽

10.2307/165435 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 191-209 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Harry E. Vanden

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

Latin America ◽

Latin American ◽

Third World ◽

Political Activity ◽

Political Movements ◽

The Third ◽

The Third World ◽

Foundation Stone

We do not regard Marx's theory as something completed and inviolable; on the contrary, we are convinced that it has only laid the foundation stone of the science which socialists must develop in all directions if they wish to keep pace with life.V. I. Lenin (Our Program)The peasant is one of the least understood and most abused actors on the modern political stage. He is maligned for his political passivity and distrust of national political movements. Yet, most of the great twentieth-century revolutions in the Third World have, according to most scholars, been peasant based (Landsberger, 1973: ix; Wolf, 1969). In Latin America the peasant was once pictured as the archetypical parochial who was more suited for siestas under his sombrero than serious political activity. Stereotypes aside, the region has been no exception to the growing tendency of peasants to become involved in major revolutionary processes.

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